𐒰
𐒰ahnoun1arm2foreleg
π’°Ν˜ahⁿ1yesFemalecf𐒹𐓂𐓏𐒷2
𐒰 π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°AH kahⁿ TAHⁿ-kahnoun1muscle of the arm or forelegunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒰𐒴𐓂AH-brohnoun1shoulder
𐒰𐒹𐒰AH-hahah-HAH1wheneveradverb2as soon as3immediately when4whereupon
𐒰𐒹𐒻ah-HEEintransitive verb1reach there, not his home, or for the first timeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’°π’Ήπ“Ž1AH-hoonoun1wing2shoulder blade
π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2ah-HOOah-HÜintransitive verb1be coming to this place, not his home, or for the first timeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’°π’Ήπ“Ž π“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜AH-hoo MAHⁿ-theeⁿnoun1turkey cockunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Ήπ“Ž1π“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜
π’°π’Ήπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜AH-hoo-AH-leeⁿnoun1angelwings uponunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Ήπ“Ž1π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐒴𐒰AH-gah-brahtransitive verb1open, as one's eyes or arms
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰AH-gah-hah1on2upon3on top4top5summit6outside of, as an enclosure
π’°π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“€π’»Ν˜AH-gah-hah-meeⁿunspec. var.𐒰𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰𐓀𐒻noun1coat2capeunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“€π’»Ν˜3
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰AH-gah-hah-pahnoun1vest
π’°π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ’°AH-gah-hah-tahadverb1outside of a certain area2on the outside3on the outskirts of4in the surroundings of5on the other side (of a perimeter)6afterward7after the present event8in the future9hereafter10off the record11outside of the main events or activity and in secret12isolated from13socially distant fromunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ’°4
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐓆𐓄𐒷1ah-GAH-spehnoun1shade2blind3covering
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐓆𐓄𐒷2AH-gah-spehtransitive verb1put over2put upon3cover (as with cloth or blanket)4cover with dirt (as a grave)5cover over6cover upunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜AHⁿ-kah-txahⁿ1we who2we who standunspec. comp. form ofπ’°Ν˜-3π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐓒𐓂AH-gah-zohtransitive verb1inquire into2examine3inspect4probe5test by questions
π’°π’Όπ’»π’°π“†π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»AH-kee-ah-sahⁿ-dseeintransitive verb1put each other to a testunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π’°π“†π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»
𐒰𐒼𐒻𐒷AH-kee-ehtransitive verb1talk for or against2talk up or talk down, as when expressing one's emotions with respect to some topic3take up for4argue on behalf of5take someone's side (as an attorney at law argues on behalf of a client)unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
𐒰𐒼𐒻𐒹𐒰AH-kee-hahadverb1beyond another thing2afterward3following
𐒰𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒻𐒷AH-kee-kee-ehintransitive verb1contend with or compete with one another2compete withunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2𐒰𐒼𐒻𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
π’°π’Όπ’»π’Ώπ’»Ν˜ah-KEE-leeⁿtransitive verb1have for oneself2have as one's ownQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 10) that this term is "sometimes used with suus semantics."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓄𐒰AH-kee-pahtransitive verb1encounter2meet
π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π“ˆπ“‚AH-gee-sdohah-GEE-sdohnoun1trial2hearing3legal proceedingunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°AH-kee-dahnoun1law enforcement2police3army4armed forces5soldier6armed preson7officer8grenadier
π’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’° π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜AH-kee-dah NAHⁿ-zheeⁿnoun1soldierunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜
π’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·1AH-gee-dohⁿ-beh1watch over, look after, look at (one's own things or people)transitive verb2watch over, look after, look at one's ownintransitive verbunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·
π’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·2AH-kee-dohⁿ-behtransitive verb1watch over oneself2watch oneself3look at oneself4look after oneself5watch over each other6watch over things for oneself7watch over one's own thingsQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 10) that this term is "sometimes used as transitive with suus semantics."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π’°π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·
π’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·3AH-gee-dohⁿ-behtransitive verb1watch over, tend (someone who is not a family member or not close)unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π’°π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·
𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓐𐒷AH-gee-xeh1move aroundtransitive verb2be all aroundtransitive verb3encircle a place or a person (especially in an annoying way)transitive verb4be around, especially in a bothersome wayintransitive verb5pass byverb6circle around (as in a tipi meeting: 'go clear around', avoiding the center)verb7go table hoppingintransitive verb8table hopintransitive verb9hang aroundintransitive verb10be around closeintransitive verb11be arrayed around, as when making a path aroundintransitive verb12skirting the edge (such as cows around a pond)intransitive verb13around (e.g., the edge of a pond)14skirting the edge of something
π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜AH-kohⁿnoun1armbandcfπ’°π“„π’»π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚ π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜ahⁿ-KOH AHⁿ-kah-txahⁿarch. var.π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“Ž π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜1we who standunspec. comp. form ofπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’°Ν˜-3π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚ π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜AHⁿ-koh SHGEE-dahⁿarch. var.π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“Ž π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1we too, or for our partMalecfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒼𐒻
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’·ahⁿ-KOH-ehahⁿ-koh-EHunspec. var.π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚pronoun1we2uscfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°
π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π’Ώπ’·AH-kohⁿ-lehunspec. var.π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π’Ώπ’°noun1braceletunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°ahⁿ-KOH-dahpronoun1we (emphatic)2us (emphatic)cfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’·π’·2𐓍𐒻𐒷𐓏𐒻𐒷
π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·AH-gohⁿ-zehtransitive verb1examineunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·1
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜AHⁿ-koh-ZHEE-dahⁿarch. var.π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“Žπ““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1we too, or for our partFemalecfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚ π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
𐒰𐒼𐓇𐒻ah-KSHEEintransitive verb1reach there again2reach there, his homecfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷
𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰1ah-KXAH1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 3rd person singular or plural nonmoving subject that is present with speaker2he/she/it is characterized by, they are characterized by [the immediately preceding word or phrase, which may be a noun phrase]cf𐒰𐓄𐒰1
𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰2ah-KXAH1subject marker (follows a subject [singular or plural] that is not moving, including dead nonhuman animates [apa is used for dead humans] and is present with speaker or is an abstract entity)2generic noun subject marker3the singular or collective subject of an action, which is performed of his or her own accord, and not by request or permission of anothercf𐒰𐓄𐒰2
π’°π’Ύπ“Žah-KYOOintransitive verb1be coming home, or back to this place, not his homecfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2𐒰𐒼𐓇𐒻𐒰𐒿𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜AH-lahⁿarch. var.π’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜transitive verb1place vertically against2place on3put on4place a curvilinear object, garment, book, etc., on something elsecf𐒰𐒿𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-𐓂𐒿𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓂-unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
𐒰𐒿𐒰𐒼𐒷AH-lah-gehtransitive verb1be bothered or annoyed by2be irritated by3find bothersome
𐒰𐒿𐒷1AH-leharch. var.𐒰𐒼𐓍𐒷transitive verb1place an item upright on another item2set on (e.g., set a kettle on a fire)3place on top of another in an upright position4place a standing inanimate object or a collection of objects on top of something elsecfπ’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-𐓂𐒿𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓂-unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
𐒰𐒿𐒷2ah-LEHarch. var.𐒼𐓍𐒷intransitive verb1start homeward from this place2go homewardDorsey notes that this is a possessive of the.For motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1𐒰𐓍𐒷
𐒰𐒿𐒻ah-LEEarch. var.𐒼𐓍𐒻intransitive verb1to have come back or homeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜AH-leeⁿ1sit ontransitive verb2sit upontransitive verb3ride ontransitive verb4chairnoun5seatnoun6upon (used in numbers)This term is used as a connector to express numbers 11 through 19.cfπ’·π“Šπ’»1π’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“‚π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π“†π“Šπ’·AH-leeⁿ-sdsehnoun1sofa2couch3divan4chaise loungelong chairunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π“†π“Šπ’·cont. var. ofπ“†π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·
π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’·AH-leeⁿ-tseh-thehnoun1wheelchairunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’·1
π’°π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜1AH-lohⁿ-theeⁿunspec. var.π’°π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»transitive verb1forget2leave behind
π’°π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜2AH-lohⁿ-theeⁿintransitive verb1get drunkunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜
π’°π“π’°Ν˜π’Ό'π“‚Ν˜AH-nahⁿ-k'ohⁿtransitive verb1listen to2listen3heedunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π’°Ν˜π’Ό'π“‚Ν˜
π’°π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·AH-nahⁿ-KOH-geharch. var.π’°π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“Žπ’Όπ’·noun1porchthud upon by action of the feetunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π’°Ν˜-𐒼𐓂𐒼𐒷
𐒰𐓄𐒰1ah-BAH1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 3rd person singular or plural moving or absent subject2he/she/it is characterized by, they are characterized by (the immediately preceding word or phrase, which may be a noun phrase)cf𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰1
𐒰𐓄𐒰2ah-BAH1subject marker (follows a subject [singular or plural that is moving or is not present with speaker); used for respect with deceased persons even if present (akxa is used with animals)2the sign of the plural subject of an action performed of their own accord, and not by request or permission of another3the one moving subjectcf𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰2
π’°π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°AH-bah-tahnoun1fence
𐒰𐓄𐒷AH-behnoun1leaf
π’°π“„π’»π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜AH-bee-oh-lahⁿnoun1armbandcfπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π’°π“„π“Žπ“π’·AH-boo-xehintransitive verb1boil, as food boils when cooking2foam upThis term refers to something boiling (i.e., "the water is boiling"), not the act of boiling something (i.e., I am boiling it.").
π’°π“†π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»AH-sahⁿ-dseetransitive verb1put to the test
π’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°ah-SEEⁿ-kahunspec. var.π’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°noun1daughter (third) (my)2daughter (third) (your)3daughter (third) (his/her)4daughter (third)cfπ’°π“†π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“€π’»π“π’°π“†π’»π’Όπ’·π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷
𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰ah-SEE-pahunspec. var.𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒱noun1sister (baby) (my)2daughter (baby) (my)3daughter (baby) (your)4daughter (baby) (his/her)FemaleQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 18) that this term "Does not use the inalienable possessive prefixes." By that she means the i-, thi-, and wi- prefixes.cf𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π’»π“ˆπ’°1𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°
𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ’°ah-SEE-pah EE-tahunspec. var.𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒱 π’»π“ˆπ’°noun1sister (baby) (his/her)2daughter (baby) (his/her)Femalecf𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°
𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°ah-SEE-pah THEE-tahunspec. var.𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒱 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°noun1sister (baby) (your)2daughter (baby) (your)Femalecf𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
π’°π“†π’»π““π’»Ν˜ah-SEE-zheeⁿnoun1daughter (fourth and beyond) (my)2daughter (fourth and beyond) (your)3daughter (fourth and beyond) (his/her)4daughter (fourth and sebsequent daughters)cfπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“€π’»π“π’°π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷
π’°π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜AH-dah-kahⁿunspec. var.π’°π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’²noun1lamp2lightunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’°π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜ 𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻 𐓁𐒻𐓁𐒻AH-dah-kahⁿ WEH-lee NEE-neenoun1oil welllamp + oil + spring, wellunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻𐓁𐒻𐓁𐒻2unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1𐓁𐒻𐓁𐒻1
π’°π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·AH-dohⁿ-behtransitive verb1watch over2watch, tend, take care of (e.g., some entity, such as a baby or a purse, or some process, such as cookingunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·
π’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜AH-txahⁿunspec. var.π’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜transitive verb1tread on2tread on it3bring down the foot on paper, etc., to keep it from being blown awayunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’°π“Šπ’·AH-dsehtransitive verb1climb2climb onto (by using the arms)3embrace4wrap one's arms around
π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’·AH-dseh-thehtransitive verb1build a fire onunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’°π“Šπ’»1ah-TSEEintransitive verb1camp2make campunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“Šπ’»1
π’°π“Šπ’»2ah-TSEEintransitive verb1to have come to this place, not his home, or for the first timeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1𐒰𐓍𐒷𐒰𐒿𐒻𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’°π“Šπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜AH-tsee-tahⁿnoun1arbor2dance arbor3brush arbor
𐒰𐓍𐒰ah-THAHAH-thah1indeed2trulyMalecf𐒷𐓍𐒷
π’°π“π’°π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°AH-thah-tah-hahnoun1on the other side
𐒰𐓍𐒷ah-THEHintransitive verb1goQuintero notes on page 5 of her dictionary, "This verb is rarely used in imperatives (maⁿthiⁿ is preferred)."For motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2
π’°π“π’»Ν˜1ah-THEEⁿtransitive verb1have2have or keep3own4possess
π’°π“π’»Ν˜2AH-theeⁿnoun1ridge or divide
π’°π“π’»Ν˜π’°π““π’°Ν˜ah-THEEⁿ-AH-zhahⁿtransitive verb1copulate with2lay3have intercourse withcfπ“Šπ“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“π’»Ν˜1π’°π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π““π’°Ν˜1
π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜AH-thee-dahⁿtransitive verb1close by pulling2pull to3shutunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3
𐒰𐓍𐒻𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷AH-thee-xoh-behtransitive verb1honor
𐒰𐓍𐓂𐒹𐒰ah-THOH-hahadverb1again
π’°π“π“Žπ’΄π’°AH-thoo-brahtransitive verb1spread upon2spread overunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π“Ž-
π’°π“π“Žπ“†π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’·AH-thΓΌ-sdah-gehtransitive verb1bind or bandage, as a limbunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π“Ž-
π’°π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°ah-THOO-tahadverb1across
π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·AH-thoo-xehunspec. var.𐒰𐓍𐒻𐓐𐒷transitive verb1marry, get married to, take as a husband (gender-specific term)unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π“Žπ“π’·1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π’°π“Ž1AH-oo
π’°π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·AH-wah-nohⁿ-brehnoun1tableunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·
𐒰𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒷AH-xah-gehtransitive verb1cry forunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒷
π’°π““π’°Ν˜AH-zhahⁿ1lie downintransitive verb2bednouncfπ“‚π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π““π’°Ν˜1unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π““π’°Ν˜1
𐒰𐓓𐒻ah-ZHEEunspec. var.𐓓𐒻11not (negative, negator)If this term follows a word ending in -e, this term's beginning letter a- usually replaces the -e and merges with the previous term.
π’°π““π’»Ν˜ah-ZHEEⁿverb1think or suppose that (something has happened, etc.)
π’°Ν˜π““π’»ahⁿ-ZHEE1but2or
𐒲
𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂ah-EEⁿ-bah-xohnoun1copperhead2Arapahoover the mountaincfπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1
𐒴
𐒴𐒰2braharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰verb1open2spread out
π’΄π’°Ν˜brahⁿunspec. var.𐒴𐒰1arch. var.π“„π“π’°Ν˜1smellintransitive verbThe idea of smell here refers to giving off a smell/odor, not the act of smelling something.2emanate an odorintransitive verb3give off a fragranceintransitive verb4emit or exhale an odorintransitive verb5smellnoun6odornoun7scentnoun
π’΄π’°π’΄π’°π“Šπ’·brah-BRAH-dseharch. var.π“„π“π’°π“„π“π’°π“Šπ’·adjective1straight, as the hypotenuse of an inclined plane, or the side of a hill2sloping, as a hill
𐒴𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷BRAH-brah-zeharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓒𐒷adjective1torn in several places2chapped, as the hands, face, etc.This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷
𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰BRAH-k'aharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒰adjective1flat2flat, as a chair bottom, the broad surface of a board, etc.3flat boardcfπ’΄π’°π“†π’Όπ’°π’΄π’°π“‡π’Όπ’°π’΄π’°π“π’°π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°
π’΄π’°π“„π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·PawhuskaBRAH-xpahⁿ-kehnoun1mosquitocfπ’Ώπ’°π“„π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
𐒴𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰BRAH-sgaharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰adjective1flat2level3straight, as a line on a stove-pipe, or other long cylindrical body4rounded and longcf𐒴𐒰𐒼'π’°π’΄π’°π“‡π’Όπ’°π’΄π’°π“π’°π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°
𐒴𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰BRAH-shgaharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰adjective1having a flat surface in the middle, with the edges rounded and curving downward, as a door knob, or the top of a hat (convex objects)cf𐒴𐒰𐒼'π’°π’΄π’°π“†π’Όπ’°π’΄π’°π“π’°π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°
𐒴𐒰𐓍𐒰BRAH-thahunspec. var.𐒴𐒰𐓍𐒷arch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓍𐒰adjective1broad2wide3wide and smooth, as a prairie4smoothed out (e.g., icing on a cake, a fabric or tablecloth lying flat on a surface, but not a blanket on a bed or pallet)5having a flat surface in the middle, with the edges rounded and curving upward, as in a plate or other concave objectscf𐒴𐒰𐒼'π’°π’΄π’°π“†π’Όπ’°π’΄π’°π“‡π’Όπ’°π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°
𐒴𐒰𐓐𐒷BRAH-xeharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓐𐒷1edgenoun2edging (e.g., a fabric or ribbon sewn around the edges of a blanket or garment)noun3straight or flat, as the top or edge of a box's side, the narrow edge of a plank, etc.adjective
𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷BRAH-zeharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓒𐒷adjective1torn2rent
𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰BREH-kaharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰adjective1lean2thin
π’΄π’·π“’π’°Ν˜π“π’°breh-ZAHⁿ-thahunspec. var.π’΄π’·π“’π’°π“π’°Ν˜arch. var.π“„π“π’·π“’π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“„π“π’·π“’π’°Ν˜π“π’°adjective1drooping, languid, as one who has not recovered his strength after sickness2as applied to vegetation, it means withered and fallen over, past recovery
π’΄π’»Ν˜1breeⁿunspec. var.π’°π“π’»Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’·intransitive verb1I am2I was3I am characterized by (e.g., I have a certain condition)4I am present5I was presentcfπ“€π’»Ν˜2unspec. comp. form of𐒴-π“π’»Ν˜1
π’΄π’»Ν˜2breeⁿarch. var.π“„π“π’»Ν˜transitive verb1scatter right and left, as wet wheat or corn, by pushing with a shovel or pitchfork: this is done to dry it
𐒴𐓂𐒼𐒰BROH-gaharch. var.π“„π“π“Žπ’Όπ’°1in bulk (e.g., a purchase of fruit, coffee, or kerosene)2wholesale3in large quantities4overall5undivided6by the yard (fabrics)7in large pieces, not merely pieces of some item but the entire item (cooking)8it its entirety9fully10whole11entire12complete13dollarnoun14round, as a pencil, stove pipe, etc.adjective15cylindrical, but not necessarily perpendicularadjective
π’΄π“ŽbrΓΌarch. var.π“„π“π“Žadjective1powdered2pulverized3fine
π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°BROO-sgahadjective1flat, wadded upcf𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓍𐒰
𐒡
𐒡𐒰𐓄𐒰CHAH-pahadjective1short2rounded and somewhat squat3short and smallQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of dapa.cfπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“Šπ’°π“„π’°
π’΅π’°π“„π’°π““π’»Ν˜CHAH-pah-zheeⁿadjective1short and smallunspec. comp. form ofπ’΅π’°π“„π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒡𐒷𐓓𐒷CHEH-zhehverb1pee-peeQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of dsezhe.cfπ“Šπ’·π““π’·
𐒡𐓂𐒹𐓂unspec. var.π’΅π“Žπ’Ήπ“Žadjective1greencfπ“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚
𐒡𐓂𐓄𐒰CHOH-bah1fewadjective2littleadjectiveThe idea of little here refers to a small amount, such as "a little coffee."3fewnoun4a small amount or numbernoun5a little bitnounQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of doba.
𐒡𐓂𐓄𐒰 π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷CHOH-bah EH-gohⁿ GAH-xehunspec. var.𐒡𐓂𐓄𐒰 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷transitive verb1lessen2reduce3decreasemake small-likeThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’΅π“‚π“„π’°π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π’΅π“‚π“„π’°π““π’»Ν˜CHOH-bah-zheeⁿ1a very small amountnoun2very littleadjective3a fewadjectiveQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of choba.unspec. comp. form ofπ’΅π“‚π“„π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒷
𐒷1ehtransitive verb1say2ask or tell someone to do something
𐒷2ehpronoun13rd person emphatic or contrastive pronoun (that one, that person, she/her, he/him; those persons, them; this [pragmatically obvious] person or thing; the foregoing; she herself, he himself, they themselves)2he, she, it3thatcfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π’·π“π’»π’·
π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜EH-gohⁿunspec. var.π’·π’Όπ’°Ν˜arch. var.π’·π’Όπ“ŽΝ˜1likeadverb2similar toadverb3like thatadverb4likewiseadverb5similarlyadverb6soadverb7be soverb8be so or likeverb9somewhatverbπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’· π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜somewhat broad10a littleverb11resembleverbcfπ’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜ 𐓆𐒼𐒰EH-gohⁿ sgahverb1I guess that's rightunspec. comp. form ofπ’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°2
π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜ π“π’°π“Šπ’·EH-gohⁿ thah-DSEHtransitive verb1say something right or correctlyThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“π’°π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
𐒷𐓁𐒰eh-NAHEH-nah1be the only (one)intransitive verb2therefore3that's why4that only5enoughadjective
π’·π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜eh-SHGEE-dahⁿ1he, she, it, or that too2he, for his partMalecfπ“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻3π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒷2π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒼𐒻
π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1EH-dahⁿeh-DAHⁿ1thereforeconn2becauseconn3whenadverb4whileadverb
π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2eh-TAHⁿunspec. var.π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜31wellinterj2thencf𐒹𐒰3π“π’°Ν˜2
π’·π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°EH-tah-hah1towardunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°1
π’·π“ˆπ’°π“π’°EH-dah-nahunspec. var.π’·π“ˆπ’°π“π’°Ν˜π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜1that is why2therefore3thus4so
π’·π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜eh-TXAHⁿ1stilladverb2it is timeverb
π’·π“Šπ’»1EH-dsee1and (in numbers only)2pluscfπ’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜
π’·π“Šπ’»2eh-DSEEEH-dsee1be present here/thereintransitive verb2exist here/thereintransitive verb3be at that timeintransitive verb4thereadverbπ“†π’»π“ˆπ“‚π“Šπ’» π’·π“Šπ’» π“π’°π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’·Were you standing there yesterday?5in that placeadverb
π’·π“Šπ’»π“π“Šπ’»eh-DSEE-xdsee1just thereunspec. comp. form ofπ’·π“Šπ’»2-π“π“Šπ’»
𐒷𐓍𐒷eh-THEH1indeed2trulyFemalecf𐒰𐓍𐒰
𐒹
𐒹𐒰1hahnoun1skin of any animal2bark of a tree3shell of nuts4cuticle5hide6rawhide7skin8skin of an animal9rind10fabric11cloth12barkcfπ“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°
𐒹𐒰2hah1through (direction)2along a path3in a direction4by way of5from6in different ways or places7so many in each place
𐒹𐒰3hahinterj1well (often precedes a statement or command)cfπ’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2π“π’°Ν˜2
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜hahⁿ1nightnoun2nighttimenoun3during the nightadverb4at nightadverb5nocturnaladjective
𐒹𐒰 𐓇𐓂𐒼𐒰HAH shoh-GAHHAH SHOH-gahnoun1thick skin2exoskeletonunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒰1𐓇𐓂𐒼𐒰
𐒹𐒰𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰HAH-breh-kahnoun1ribbonthin clothunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒰1𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰
𐒹𐒰𐒹𐒰HAH-hahadjective1ready
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°HAHⁿ-kah1sacredadjective2holyadjective3bald eaglenoun4dark-plummed eaglenoun5earth division (of the Osage tribe)noun6innocence emblem in peace ceremony (a child)noun
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷HAHⁿ-kah LEH-zhehnoun1golden eagle when young2spotted eaglecfπ“Šπ’»π““π“‚π“π’»π“π’°2arch. var. ofπ“π“Žπ“π’°1π“π“Žπ“π’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Ώπ’·π““π’·
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π““π’»HAHⁿ-kah-zheearch. var.π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π““π’»1no2not so with reference to him
π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜hah-GOHⁿHAH-gohⁿ1how much2whatever3how4which way5be how6what7what is wrong with8in what manner?9why?10wherefore?cfπ’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°HAH-gohⁿ-dah1why
π’Ήπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜π“†π’»HAH-mahⁿ-seenoun1spade, spades (suit in a deck of cards)cfπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒻1𐓄𐒷 π“π’°π’Ήπ’°π“Š'𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’·π’°π““π’»π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2
𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰HAH-bahnoun1corn2fresh corncf𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰 π“π’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“„π’°π“π’°π“Šβ€™π’·π’Όπ’·
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’°HAHⁿ-bahunspec. var.π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°noun1day
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·HAHⁿ-bah ee-TAH-xehunspec. var.π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·1the tip or beginning of dayunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·
𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰 π“π“Žπ’Όπ’°HAH-bah thΓΌ-GAHtransitive verb1husk cornThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“„π’°π“π“Žπ’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰 π“π’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰HAH-bah wah-ts'EH-gahnoun1fresh corngentle corncf𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“„π’°π“π’°π“Šβ€™π’·π’Όπ’·
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜HAHⁿ-bah-dahⁿ1during the day2dailyunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1
𐒹𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰hah-SGAHunspec. var.𐒹𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰noun1shirt2dress3buckskin dress4clothes5clothing6fabric7cloth8material
π’Ήπ’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π“π’·HAH-sheeⁿ-theh1inside outadjective2inside outadverbcfπ“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°π“‡π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π’Ήπ’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°hah-SHDAH-hahnoun1broadclothunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒰1π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°
π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜HAH-txahⁿhah-TXAHⁿunspec. var.π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ’Όπ“π’°Ν˜adverb1how far2what distance3for how long?
π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°hah-TXAHⁿ-dahHAH-txahⁿ-dahunspec. var.π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“π“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°adverb1when in the future2what time in the futurecfπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»hah-TXAHⁿ-dseeHAH-txahⁿ-dseeunspec. var.π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»adverb1when in the past2at what time in the pastcfπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
π’Ήπ’°π“Šπ’»HAH-tseeadverb1all the time2every time3continually4repeatedly5alwayscfπ“π’°Ν˜3π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π’Ήπ’°π“π’°π“†π’Όπ’°Ν˜HAH-thah-sgahⁿ1how big, how smallcfπ“π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“π’·hahⁿ-THEHnoun1tonightunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“π’·2
𐒹𐒰𐓏𐒷hah-WEH1hello
π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜hah-XEEⁿnoun1blanket (bed blanket or Pendleton-type wool blanket for wearing)cfπ“€π’»Ν˜3𐓂𐓀𐒻𐓓𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π“€π’»Ν˜3π““π’°Ν˜1
π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·hah-XEEⁿ-LEH-zheh-GAH-xehnoun1Navajo (tribe or tribal member)one who makes spotted/speckled/stippled [lezhe] blanketscf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
𐒹𐒰𐓒𐒷HAH-zehintransitive verb1flee2flee from danger3run away out of harm's reach4escape
π’Ήπ’°π“’π“ŽHAH-zoo1purpleadjective2grapenoun3grapes, of any kindnouncfπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’· 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π“†π’°π“„π’·
π’Ήπ’°π“’π“Žπ“π’»HAH-zoo-neenoun1grape juiceunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“’π“Žπ“π’»1
π’Ήπ’²π“π’»Ν˜HAHⁿ-eeⁿ-neeⁿunspec. var.π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π’Ήπ’²π“π’»noun1dark2darkness
𐒹𐒷1heh1horn (e.g., of cow or buffalo)
𐒹𐒷2hehnoun1lice2louse
𐒹𐒷 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷HEH GAH-xehnoun1 roached hair2little boy's roached hair with a talemake horn
𐒹𐒷𐒹𐒰𐒹𐒰heh-HAH-hahunspec. var.𐒹𐒷𐒹𐒰𐒹𐒱intransitive verb1breathe hard2pantcf𐒹𐒷𐒹𐒷
𐒹𐒷𐒹𐒷heh-HEHintransitive verb1short of breathcf𐒹𐒷𐒹𐒰𐒹𐒰
𐒹𐒷𐒼𐒰HEH-gahnoun1buzzard2hawkcfπ’Ώπ’·π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π’Ήπ’·π“‚π“Šπ’·HEH-oh-dsehunspec. var.π’Ήπ’»π“‚π“Šπ’·noun1monkeylooks for liceunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒷2π“‚π“Šπ’·
𐒹𐒷𐓄𐒷HEH-beh1a small amountadjective2approximately half a containeradjective3piecenoun4partnoun5somenoun6a bitnoun
π’Ήπ’·π“„π’·π““π’»Ν˜HEH-beh-zheeⁿ1a little piecenoun2a small amountnoun3a little bit (used with both count nouns and mass nouns)noun4a littleadverbunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’·π“„π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’Ήπ’·π“Šπ’»Ν˜HEH-tseeⁿintransitive verb1sneeze
π’Ήπ’·π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°HEH-thohⁿ-bahnoun1braids2ponytails (two sections of hair, one gathered from left and one from right side of the head, bound close to the scalp, and hanging loosely)two hornsunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒷1π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°
𐒹𐒷𐓐𐓄𐒰HEH-xpah1bushy headnoun2frowzyadjective3unkemptadjective4fuzzyadjective5disheveled (e.g., having mussed or messed-up hair)adjective
𐒹𐒻1heeunspec. var.π’Ήπ’»Ν˜4noun1tooth2teeth
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜1heeⁿinterj1isn't it so (expression inserted between phrases, marking pauses, in certain speeches of early to mid-1900s, somewhat like French "n'est-ce pas?" or use of "you know?" by some English speakers
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2heeⁿunspec. var.𐒹𐒻3𐒹𐒻'π’»Ν˜π’Ήπ“Ž2noun1hair2whiskers3fur4fuzz as on a peach5slivers or small strips of anything6feathers
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜3heeⁿnoun1color2colors3bright colors
𐒹𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷hee OH-gah-shah-geharch. var.𐒹𐒻 π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·noun1whatever gets between the teeth, as particles of food2anything which gets between the teeth, as particles of foodunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒻1
𐒹𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷 π’»π“„π’°π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·hee OH-gah-shah-geh EE-bah-goh-dseharch. var.𐒹𐒻 π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“‡π’°π’Όπ’· π’»π“„π’°π’Όπ“Žπ“Šπ’·noun1toothpickunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒻1𐒻-1π“„π’°π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐒹𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷 π“„π’°π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·hee OH-gah-shah-geh bah-GOH-dseharch. var.𐒹𐒻 π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“‡π’°π’Όπ’· π“„π’°π’Όπ“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1pick the teethThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒻1π“„π’°π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·HEEⁿ ZHOO-dsehHEEⁿ ZHÜ-dsehnoun1female of the larger variety of the wild turkeyred featherscfπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’»Ν˜2π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·
π’Ήπ’»π’Όπ’°Ν˜HEE-kahⁿunspec. var.𐒹𐒻𐒼𐒰noun1ankle
𐒹𐒻𐓄𐓇𐒷HEE-pshehintransitive verb1stumble and fall
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°HEEⁿ-skahnoun1beads
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’° 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷HEEⁿ-skah GAH-xeh1do beadworktransitive verb2beadworknounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°heeⁿ-SHAHnoun1Caddo (tribe or tribal member)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π“Šπ’·HEEⁿ-shdsehunspec. var.π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’΅π’·π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’΅π’·π“Šπ’·π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·adjective1fuzzy
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·HEEⁿ-dsehheeⁿ-DSEHnoun1dish2plate3crockery4bowl5bark (of a tree)
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’· π’Ήπ“ŽHEEⁿ-dseh hoonoun1pawpaw (the plant, not the fruit)Asimina trilobaunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“Ž1
𐒹𐒻𐓍𐒰hee-THAHintransitive verb1bathe2swimcfπ“π’»π“€π’°Ν˜
𐒹𐒿𐒰hlahunspec. var.𐒿𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒰noun1bud2blossom
𐒹𐒿𐒰 𐓒𐒻𐓄𐒷hlah ZEE-beharch. var.𐓐𐓍𐒰 𐓒𐒻𐓄𐒷𐓐𐓍𐒰 𐓒𐒻𐓄𐒻noun1Augustmonth of yellow flowersThis month is the first month of autumn.cfπ“ˆπ’° 𐒹𐒷 𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐒹𐒷1π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜-π“„π’·π“ˆπ’° π’Όπ’»π“π“Žπ“π’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π“π“Žπ“π’·1-π“„π’·π“ˆπ’° π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’·-𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓒𐒻-𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of-𐒰𐓄𐒻𐓍𐒷3
𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰HLAH-sgahhlah-SGAHunspec. var.𐒿𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰noun1flowerunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰1
𐒹𐒿𐒻hleearch. var.𐓐𐓍𐒻intransitive verb1ooze out, as pus from a boil2suppurate
𐒹𐓂1hohnoun1voice2bark, moo, quack, etc.3make an animal noise
𐒹𐓂2hohnoun1fish
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·HOHⁿ-breh1dreamintransitive verb2have a dreamintransitive verb3dreamnoun4dreamingnoun
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·hohⁿ-BREEⁿ-kehnoun1beans2green beanscfπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π““π’»Ν˜
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚hohⁿ-BREEⁿ-keh TOH-hohunspec. var.π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜ π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚noun1green beanscfπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ π““π’»Ν˜hohⁿ-BREEⁿ-keh TOH-hoh zheeⁿnoun1peas2green beanscfπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒹𐓂𐓁𐒻HOH-neeunspec. var.π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»adverb1almost2nearlyQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 72) that this term "can be used to express 'fail to.'"cf𐓂𐓍𐓂𐒹𐒰-𐓄𐒰𐓁𐒻1
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·hohⁿ-BEHnoun1moccasins2shoes
π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜HOH-tahⁿarch. var.π’Ήπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜intransitive verb1yell2holler3shout4cry out5sing or sound out6make a loud sound7roar8bellow9make animal sounds (e.g., sing like a bird, moo, bark, howl)loud voice
π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°HOH-tahⁿ-kahnoun1Winnebago (Hochunk) (tribe or tribal member)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐒻𐒷HOH-tahⁿ-kah EE-ehnoun1Winnebago languageunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’»π’·
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·HOHⁿ-tsehadverb1how2however
𐒹𐓂𐓏𐒰HOH-wah1which2which one
𐒹𐓂𐓏𐒷1HOH-wehnoun1mortar2grinder3mill
𐒹𐓂𐓏𐒷2hoh-WEHHOH-weh1yes (men's speech only)2yesMalecfπ’°Ν˜
𐒹𐓂𐓐𐓄𐒷HOH-xpeh1coughintransitive verb2coughnoun3cold with sniffles and fevernoun
π’Ήπ“Ž1hΓΌhoounspec. var.𐒹𐒻2noun1trunk2stock or trunk, as of a tree3stalk4tree, when used after the name of the fruit or wood5bush, when used after the name of bush grown fruit6leg7leg (e.g., of spider)8legsThis term is often used to express "tree" when paired with a term describing a type of tree. For example, xoⁿdse (cedar) and xoⁿdsehu (cedar tree).
π’Ήπ“Ž3hΓΌadjective1much2many
π’Ήπ“Žπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’°HOO-heh-gah1sickadjective2illadjective3illnessnoun4sicknessnoun
π’Ήπ“Žπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’° π“‚π’Όπ’°π“‡π’°Ν˜HOO-heh-gah oh-GAH-shahⁿ1nurse or care for the sicktransitive verb2nursenounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“Žπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’°π“‚π’Όπ’°π“‡π’°Ν˜2
π’Ήπ“Žπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’»HOO-heh-gah-tseenoun1hospitalsickness houseunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“Žπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’»1
π’Ήπ“Žπ’Όπ’°HOO-kahunspec. var.π’Ήπ“Žπ’Όπ’·1hook something (e.g., clothing or a tree, by using a thrown line)transitive verb2hook of any kindnoun
π’Ήπ“Žπ“Šπ’·hΓΌ-DSEHnoun1the lower part or bottom of an object2the lower part of a stream, usually excepting its mouthcfπ“Žπ“Šπ’·
π’Ήπ“Žπ“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜hΓΌ-WAH-leeⁿ1a great many2very muchunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“Ž3π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π’Ήπ“Žπ“π’·π’Ήπ’Ώπ’°π“Šπ’· π““π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’·HÜ-we-HLAH-dseh ZHÜ-dah-behnoun1the second month of the summer or doge season of the Osages, probably Maycf𐓏𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3-𐓄𐒷
𐒻
π’»Ν˜eeⁿnoun1rock2stone3stones, of any sort
π’»Ν˜π’΅π“‚Ν˜eeⁿ-CHOHⁿadverb1now
𐒻𐒷EE-eh1talkintransitive verb2sayintransitive verb3speakintransitive verb4make a speech or talkintransitive verb5talk abouttransitive verb6discusstransitive verb7speak oftransitive verb8speak a languagetransitive verb9wordnoun10wordsnoun11languagenoun12teachingsnoun13one's wordnoun14speechnoun15prayernoun
𐒻𐒷 𐓂𐒼𐒻𐓄𐓇𐒷EE-eh oh-GEE-pshehcont. var.𐒻𐒷 𐒼𐒻𐓄𐓇𐒷1keep one's wordtransitive verb2promise-keepernounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form of𐒻𐒷𐒼𐒻𐒼-1𐓂𐓄𐓇𐒷
𐒻𐒷 𐓂𐓄𐓇𐒷EE-eh oh-PSHEHtransitive verb1obey, follow, or keep true to someone's wordThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form of𐒻𐒷𐓂𐓄𐓇𐒷
𐒻𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜EE-eh thee-TAHⁿ1Braillenoun2read Brailletransitive verbtouch wordsunspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3
𐒻𐒷 π“π’°π“†π“Žπ’Ήπ’»EE-eh wah-SÜ-hee1pure wordsunspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’·π“π’°π“†π“Žπ’Ήπ“Ž
𐒻𐒹𐒰EE-hahnoun1mouth
π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°ee-HAHⁿ-kahnoun1sister-in-law (wife's sister) (his/her)2sister-in-law (brother's wife, of a male) (his)cfπ“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜ee-HOHⁿnoun1mother (his/her)2the mother3a mother4aunt (mother's older sister) (his/her)5wife (my)To express the idea of "my wife" with this term, say the name of the son first. For example, "son's name + ihoⁿ."Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜
π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ee-HOHⁿ-tahⁿnoun1aunt (mother's older sister) his/hercfπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜ee-HOHⁿ-zheeⁿnoun1aunt (mother's younger sister) (his/her)cfπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’»π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜EE-gah-tah-mahⁿnoun1bellunspec. comp. form of𐒻-1π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜
𐒻𐒼𐓂ee-KOHnoun1grandmother (his/her)2grandmother (my)3mother-in-law (husband's mother) (his/her)4mother-in-law (husband's mother) (my)5great aunt (mother's mother's sister) (his/her)6great aunt (mother's mother's sister) (my)7great aunt (father's mother's sister) (his/her)8great aunt (father's mother's sister) (my)9mother's cousin (mother's mother's brother's daughter) (his/her)10mother's cousin (mother's mother's brother's daughter) (my)11father's cousin (father's mother's brother's daughter) (his/her)12father's cousin (father's mother's brother's daughter) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cf𐓍𐒻𐒼𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*𐒼𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*𐒼𐓂
𐒻𐒼𐓂 π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ee-KOH lohⁿnoun1grandmother thundercfπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚ π“€π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“€π’»Ν˜1π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚ π“„π’·π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“„π’·π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻𐒼𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Όπ“‚π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜1unspec. var. ofπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜
𐒻𐒿𐒻EE-leenoun1phlegm2salivacfπ“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“‚π“π’°
π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°ee-LOHⁿ-pahnoun1son (first) (my, your, his/her)Quintero (Osage Dictionary, page 102) notes that for this term its "use beyond 1st and 2nd person (e.g., for 'my first son' and 'your first son') seems limited."cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“π’°π’Όπ’·π’Όπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜
π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜ee-LOHⁿ-pah ee-HOHⁿnoun1wife (my)2wife (your)3wife (his)Quintero notes that this term is both "vocative and referent" (Osage Dictionary (2009), page 102) which means it is used to both address this person, as well as refer to them when talking to someone else. She also notes that this term "can be used for 'wife' if the husband and wife have a son." (Osage Grammar (2004), page 484)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cf𐓍𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜
π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·1ee-LOHⁿ-pah ee-THAH-dsehunspec. var.π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’»noun1husband (my)2husband (your)3husband (her)cf𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“π’»π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·
π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·2ee-LOHⁿ-pah ee-THAH-dsehnoun1husband (your)cf𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“π’»π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·
π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ee-LOHⁿ-tahⁿcont. var.π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜noun1son (first) (my, your, his/her)2son (eldest)cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“π’°π’Όπ’·π’Όπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜
π’»π“π’°Ν˜ee-NAHⁿnoun1mother (my)2aunt (mother's sister) (my)This term can refer to either the mother's older or younger sister. Note that there are specific terms for each that can be used.3aunt (mother's older sister) (my)4aunt (mother's younger sister) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜
π’»π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ee-NAHⁿ-tahⁿnoun1aunt (mother's older sister) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π’»π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜ee-NAHⁿ-zheeⁿnoun1aunt (mother's younger sister) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰ee-NEE-kahnoun1husband (her)cf𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2π“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“ˆπ’°1𐓍𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰
π’»π“„π’°π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜EE-bah-hohⁿunspec. var.𐒻𐓄𐒰𐒹𐓂transitive verb1know (e.g., a fact, the answer to a question)2understand3know as a person4be acquainted with5recognize6know someone as (being a certain way or a certain type of person)7guess
π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜ee-SOHⁿ-eh-zheeⁿunspec. var.π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’°π““π’»Ν˜noun1brother (younger, of a female) (her)cfπ“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜
π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°ee-SOHⁿ-kahnoun1brother (younger, of a male) (his)cfπ“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷ee-SHEE-k'ehnoun1brother-in-law (husband's brother) (her)2brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a female) (her)3brother-in-law (husband's sister's husband, of a female) (her)cf𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷𐓏𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷
π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜ee-SHEE-kxahⁿnoun1sister-in-law (husband's sister) (her)2sister-in-law (brother's wife) (her)3sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (her)cfπ“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜
π’»Ν˜π“‡π“ˆπ’°eeⁿ-SHDAHunspec. var.π’»π“‡π“ˆπ’°noun1eye
π’»π“ˆπ’°1EE-tahee-TAHunspec. var.π“ˆπ’°71his/hers, theirs (be)pronoun2theirspronoun3belong to (him/her, them)pronoun4fit, be suitable or appropriateverbcfπ“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°
π’»π“ˆπ’°2EE-dahverb1be born
π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°ee-TAHⁿ-hahnoun1uncle (father's sister's husband) (his/her)2brother-in-law (wife's brother) (his/her)3brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a male) (his)cfπ“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°
π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·ee-TAHⁿ-kehnoun1sister (older) (his/her)Quintero notes, "The 'older sister' terms designate the older of the sisters, not necessarily someone older than the person speaking. They are also used between two female friends without regard to relative age."cfπ’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“‚eeⁿ-TAH-oh1indeed2really3trulyMaleThis term is often used to end a declarative sentence with the one(s) being addressed being some distance away.cf𐓂1𐓂2π“ˆπ’°Ν˜4
π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»eeⁿ-TAH-dseenoun1father (my)2uncle (father's brother) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-unspec. var. of𐒻-2
π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’» π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°eeⁿ-TAH-dsee wah-KOHⁿ-dahnoun1our heavenly fatherfather Godunspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°
π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»π““π’»Ν˜eeⁿ-TAH-dsee-zheeⁿnoun1uncle (father's brother) (my)As a general rule, kinship terms in Osage must have a prefix to express my, your, or his/her. This particular case is a rare exception where this base form can be used to address an individual (vocative).cfπ’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·EE-dah-thehtransitive verb1give birth to offspring2bear a child, etc.unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“ˆπ’°2-𐓍𐒷
π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·ee-TAH-xehnoun1tip2end or tip of an objectcfπ“ˆπ’°π“‡π“„π“Ž
π’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜ee-TEH-zheeⁿunspec. var.π’»π“ˆπ’°π’·π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“ˆπ’±π““π’»Ν˜noun1sister (younger) (his/her)Quintero notes, "The sister designated by a 'younger sister' term need not be younger than the speaker, just younger than another sister."cfπ“π’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜
π’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·ee-TOHⁿ-dsehnoun1son-in-law (daughter's husband) (his/her)cfπ“π’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·
π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·eeⁿ-DSEHnoun1face
π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»eeⁿ-DSEH-geenoun1uncle (mother's brother) (his/her)cfπ“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜-*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜-*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-unspec. var. of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»
π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜ee-TSEEⁿtransitive verb1hit with2strike withcfπ“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜
π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»EEⁿ-tseeunspec. var.π’»π“Šπ’»noun1stone houseunspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»1
π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚ee-TSEE-gohnoun1grandfather (his/her)2father-in-law (his/her)cfπ“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π’»π“ˆπ’°1π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚
π’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»ee-TSEE-meenoun1aunt (father's sister) (his/her)cfπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»
π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»ee-TSEE-neenoun1daughter-in-law (son's wife) (his/her)cfπ“€π’»Ν˜ π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜4π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“π’»π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“π’»
π’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·ee-tsee-OH-zhahⁿ-kehcont. var.π’»π“Šπ“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·noun1niece (brother's daughter, of a female) (her)cfπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚ee-TSEEⁿ-dohnoun1brother (older, of a female) (her)cfπ“π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚π“π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚
π’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚ee-TSEE-zhohnoun1cousin (father's sister's daughter) (his/her)2niece (sister's daughter, of a male) (his)cfπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚π“π’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚
π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°ee-TSOH-shgahnoun1nephew (wife's brother's son) (his/her)2nephew (sister's son, of a male) (his)3nephew (brother's son, of a female) (her)4cousin (father's sister's son) (his/her)5grandchild (his/her)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 91) that "use of term to mean 'grandchild' is unexpected."cfπ“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°
π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°ee-TSOH-shpahnoun1grandchild (his/her)cfπ“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°
π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·ee-THAH-dsehunspec. var.π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’»noun1father (his/her)2uncle (father's brother) (his/her)3husband (my)To express the idea of "my husband" with this term, say the name of the daughter first. For example, "daughter's name + ithadse."Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-π“π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·
π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜ee-THAH-dseh-zheeⁿnoun1father (his/her)2uncle (father's brother) (his/her)cfπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒻𐓍𐒷EE-thehtransitive verb1see2find3understand
π’»π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·EE-thohⁿ-behintransitive verb1appear
𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂ee-WAH-k'ohee-wah-k'OHnoun1wife (his)cf𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓍𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂
𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ee-WAH-k'oh-zheeⁿnoun1mother-in-law (his/her)cf𐓍𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’°π’Ό'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π““π’»Ν˜
π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·ee-ZHEEⁿ-kehnoun1son (his/her)2nephew (brother's son, of a male) (his)3nephew (sister's son, of a female) (her)cfπ“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·ee-ZHEEⁿ-thehcont. var.π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’·noun1brother (older, of a male) (his)cfπ“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·
π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°ee-ZHOHⁿ-ahnoun1sister (older, of a female) (her)cfπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°
π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·ee-ZHOHⁿ-kehnoun1daughter (his/her)2niece (brother's daughter, of a male) (his)3niece (sister's daughter, of a female) (her)cfπ“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·
𐒼
𐒼𐒰gah1that2that: refers to what is remote, at one side, or out of sight3these4this5this one (animate or inanimate [may apply to abstract entities], emphatic or expressing certainty or immediacy)6here, in this placecf𐓇𐒷1𐓇𐒷2
π’Όπ’°Ν˜kahⁿunspec. var.π’Όπ“‚Ν˜arch. var.𐒼'π’°Ν˜noun1vein2artery3blood vessel4roots of trees or plants5vein or blood vessel
π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°KAHⁿ TAHⁿ-kahnoun1muscleunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒻𐒼𐒷gah-HEE-gehnoun1chief2chief (especially a keeper of a sacred pipe)3great onecfπ“π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒻𐓍𐒰gah-HEE-thahtransitive verb1said when the wind blows or wafts an odor, etc., towards a person - refers to any light objectunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒿𐒻gah-HLEEarch. var.𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒻transitive verb1stun or kill, as a person or tree, by a blow2the killing of an enemy by a war party3the striking of an enemy by a warrior, an act which entitles him to a military honorunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜gah-HLOHⁿunspec. var.π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜arch. var.π’Όπ’°π“π“π’°Ν˜noun1hunting party composed of all or a large part of a tribe
π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ 𐒿𐒻gah-HLOHⁿ leearch. var.π’Όπ’°π“π“π“‚Ν˜ 𐒼𐓍𐒻intransitive verb1return of people from a huntThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ 𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’°π’Ώπ’»
π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ 𐓍𐒷gah-HLOHⁿ thehunspec. var.π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜ 𐓍𐒷arch. var.π’Όπ’°π“π“π“‚Ν˜ 𐓍𐒷intransitive verb1migrate2travel3go on a hunting expedition4go on a hunting expedition with many or all of the tribe5go with a large party, each man taking his householdThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ 𐒿𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’°π’Ώπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’·
π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜GAH-gohⁿgah-GOHⁿarch. var.π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“ŽΝ˜1in that manner2in this manner3thuscfπ“π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜GAH-gohⁿ-DAHⁿ1while thus2at that time3when this was done, or being done4therefore5thenunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1
π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·gah-KSHEEⁿ-dsehtransitive verb1strike a blow and miss the object, because the hand or weapon glides by, or the person or animal dodgescfπ“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·
𐒼𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷gah-LEH-geharch. var.𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒷transitive verb1break in, as a stove, skull, window pane, etc.For this term, Dorsey notes that it "Refers to hard objects, requiring much force."cfπ“π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷
𐒼𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷gah-LEH-leh-geharch. var.𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒷𐓐𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒷transitive verb1break an object into piecesThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷
π’Όπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜kah-MAHⁿKAH-mahⁿintransitive verb1ring2ring, as a bell3the sound produced by the striking of a bellThis term does not refer to the act of ringing a bell, but rather the actual ring of a bell.cfπ“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜
𐒼𐒰𐓁𐒰GAH-nah1only thatunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰𐓁𐒰1
𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷gah-BAH-bah-xehtransitive verb1break a rope in pieces or shreds by frequent blows with a stick or axeThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷gah-BAH-xehtransitive verb1break or cut a rope once with an axe or stickcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“„π’°π“π’·π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒻𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷k'AH-behadjective1notched (in one place)cf𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷
π’Όπ’°π“„π“Žπ“’π’·gah-BÜ-zehtransitive verb1dry an object by blowing on it, as the wind does2sweep dryunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“„π“Žπ“’π’·
𐒼𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷gah-PXOH-keharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“„π“π“Žπ’Όπ’·transitive verb1burst2explode3pop (e.g., a balloon)4hit someone on the back, knocking the wind out5make a thud or dull sound by striking a soft object, or the ground6clap the hands7burst, as a leaf on the forehead, by striking it with the hands8stun, crashcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“„π“π“‚π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷
𐒼'π’°Ν˜π“†π’°π’Όπ’»k'AHⁿ-sah-gee1fast in movementadjective2fleet (as a runner)adjective3quicklyadverb4fastadverb5rapidlyadverb6swiftlyadverb
𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒲gah-SAHⁿ-eeⁿnoun1tomorrow2on the morrowcfπ’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜
π’Όπ’°π“†π’²π“ˆπ’°Ν˜gah-SAHⁿ-eeⁿ-dahⁿ1during tomorrowunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“†π’²π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1
𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷gah-SEHGAH-sehtransitive verb1chop or cut with a striking blow (e.g., from a blade, such as an axe or knife)2cut with a lawnmower3chop up (e.g., long, thin sticks of wood for a fire)4chop down (not by sawing)5cut with an ax or hatchet, as a tree into firewoodcf𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π“†π’·π“π“Žπ“†π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*𐓆𐒷
π’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜gah-SEEⁿnoun1tomorrow2on the morrowcf𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒲
𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒻𐒼𐒷gah-SEE-gehtransitive verb1make pieces fly in all directions, by cutting with an ax, or by shootingcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“†π’»π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜gah-SEEⁿ-dahⁿ1during tomorrowunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1
𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷gah-SGEH-behtransitive verb1shave a personcf𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·gah-STSEH-gehtransitive verb1gash the skin by hitting with a knife, sharp stone, etc., or by falling on some sharp and prominent object2make a deep gash in the skin by hitting with a knife or stick, or by falling on some prominent or sharp objectcfπ“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·gah-STSEH-stseh-gehtransitive verb1gash the skin repeatedly by hitting with a knife, or by falling on some sharp object2tear clothing, etc., into shreds by blowing at it (said of the wind)This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfπ“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“π“Žπ“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻GAH-shee1a long time2long ago
𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻 π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°GAH-shee ZHEEⁿ-kah1a short time2a little while3a little while ago4after some timeunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“‡π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜gah-SHOHⁿunspec. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’·π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’·arch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜1enough2sufficient3enough (of some activity)4final point, end (e.g., of one's earthly existence)
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷gah-SHOHⁿ GAH-xeharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷transitive verb1stop work2stop what one is about, and depart3bring his visit to an endThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜-𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·gah-SHOHⁿ-keharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜π’Όπ’·transitive verb1break very fine2make crumble into pieces3crush into dustDorsey notes that this term "Refers to an act subsequent to that denoted by gaxuxe."cfπ’Όπ’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“Žπ“π’·π“„π’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·gah-SHOH-dseharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1raise a dust by blowing, as the wind does, or by strikingcfπ“π’°π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°gah-SHOHⁿ-thaharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜π“π’°transitive verb1knock against a vessel, causing some of its liquid contents to be spilt, without upsetting the vesselcfπ“„π’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’·gah-SHOHⁿ-theharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜π“π’·transitive verb1stop workcfπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’·1unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜-𐓍𐒷
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°gah-SHDAHtransitive verb1cut off all the grass, etc., making the surface of the ground smooth or evencfπ“„π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Ž-1π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“‡π“ˆπ’°unspec. var. ofπ“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·gah-SHOO-behgah-SHÜ-behtransitive verb1pay (a debt)2pay for (a purchase)unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜GAH-tahⁿ1that far2that (is) far enoughcfπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜gah-TAH-mahⁿtransitive verb1ring2make a ringing noise3ring like a bellunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“π’°gah-TAH-tah-thaharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“ˆ'π’°π“ˆ'𐒰𐓍𐒰transitive verb1wear a plaited whip into shreds by long usage2break up coals on fire into small pieces by frequent blowsThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“ˆπ’°π“π’°
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·gah-DAH-dseh1deep mud, such as cattle get mired innoun2sloughnoun3mire: said of horses and oxenverb4miry5boggy6marsh mirenoun
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“π’°gah-TAH-haharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“ˆ'𐒰𐓍𐒰transitive verb1make a rope come unplaited by striking or blowing it (the latter being done by the wind)2knock and object to pieces, to make it fall apartcfπ“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“ˆπ’°π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“ˆπ’°π“π’°
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜GAH-txahⁿ1that far2awhile3that (is) far enoughcfπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·1GAH-tseh1that remote or unseen standing inanimate object or collection of inanimate objects2that subject or matterunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·1
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·2gah-TSEHtransitive verb1skim off the grease from the surface of the water in a kettleunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·KAHⁿ-dsehunspec. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜π’΅π’·noun1apple2fruit3plum
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π“Šπ’·KAHⁿ-dseh HEEⁿ-shdsehunspec. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’΅π’·noun1peachunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π“Šπ’·
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜KAHⁿ-dseh oh-LAHⁿcont. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜noun1pie of any sort (fruit, cream, etc.)place fruit into itunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓄𐒰 π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜KAHⁿ-dseh pah AH-lahⁿnoun1pearapple with a nose placed upon itunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°1π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“„π“Žπ“’π’·KAHⁿ-dseh BOO-zehnoun1dried fruitunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π“Žπ“’π’·
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷KAHⁿ-dseh SAH-behnoun1pruneunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“†π’°π“„π’·
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“π“‚π“Šπ’·KAHⁿ-dseh XOH-dsehnoun1plumcfπ“π’»π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π“‚π“Šπ’·
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓒𐒻 π“Š'𐒰𐓍𐒷KANⁿ-dseh zee ts'AH-thehnoun1lemonunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»π“Š'𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓒𐒻 π““π’»Ν˜KAHⁿ-dseh zee zheeⁿnoun1apricotunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·KAHⁿ-dseh ZHOO-dsehunspec. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π““π“Žπ’·noun1tomatored fruitunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»KAHⁿ-dseh-neenoun1fruit juicefruit waterunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»1
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·gah-TSEH-tsehtransitive verb1skim off the particles of grease from the surface of the water in a kettleThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»KAHⁿ-dseh-zeenoun1orangeunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’»Ν˜gah-DSEEⁿarch. var.π’Όπ’°π’΅π’»Ν˜1across2across an object at right angles3at right angles with
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ“Žgah-DSÜtransitive verb1wipe or scrape clean, as a child, after it has stooled: so described because a corn cob or stick is used for the purpose2scrape off, as snow, with a hoe or axe3paw away the earth or snow, as horses dounspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ“Žπ“π’·gah-DSOO-xehgah-DSÜ-xehunspec. var.π“Šπ“Žπ“π’·1transitive verb1sweep2sweep (with any object)3dust or sweep, as with a broom, but not with a brush4push litter off a floorcf𐒼𐒰𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“π’°2KAHⁿ-thahunspec. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“π’°11attacktransitive verb2charge upon an enemytransitive verb3raidtransitive verb4threatentransitive verb5rush on or attack him, her, or ittransitive verb6a menacenoun
π’Όπ’°π“π’°Ν˜π’΅π’·GAH-thahⁿ-cheh1at or to that unseen placeunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰
π’Όπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·GAH-theeⁿ-ksheh1that sitting one (animate object)2that curvilinear inanimate object3that part4that standing animate object, or that curvilinear inanimate object, at one side (but seen) or out of sight (but heard)5that one standing, the object of an action6seen, and near the speakerunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
𐒼𐒰𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻gah-THEE-sgeetransitive verb1sweep together, as wheat, etc., scattered on the ground or floorcfπ’Όπ’°π“Šπ“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻2unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3
𐒼𐒰𐓍𐓂1gah-THOHadverb1over therecfπ“‡π’·π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰
π’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜gah-THOHⁿunspec. var.𐒼𐒰𐓍𐓂21then2and then3and next4and then immediately5and right away6in or at that place or time7andThis term can be used to express numbers greater than one thousand.8an introductory and9here next tocfπ’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’·π“Šπ’»1
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰KAH-wahkah-WAHnoun1horse2ponyThis term is borrowed from the Spanish word for horse (caballo).
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π’Όπ’»π“„π’°π“π’°Ν˜KAH-wah kee-BAH-nahⁿnoun1horse raceunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π’Όπ’»π“„π’°π“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π“†π“Šπ’·π’·KAH-wah NAHⁿ-tah SDSEH-ehnoun1mulethe horse with the long earscfπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°unspec. var. ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“†π“Šπ’·π’·unspec. var. ofπ“†π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·KAH-wah wah-NOHⁿ-brehkah-WAH wah-NOHⁿ-breharch. var.𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“π’°π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π“π’·noun1oatsfood for horsesunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’»KAH-wah wah-TSEH-xeenoun1wild horse2untamed horsedifficult horseunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“Šπ’·π“π’»
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“π“‚π“Šπ’·KAH-wah XOH-dsehunspec. var.𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 𐓐𐓂𐒷noun1gray horseunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·
π’Όπ’°π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»KAH-wah-DSEH-zheh-neenoun1beerhorse urinecf𐓁𐒻 π’°π“„π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π’°π“„π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»1
π’Όπ’°π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜KAH-wah-zheeⁿ TAHⁿ-wahⁿnoun1Bartlesville, Oklahomalittle horse townunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒰1gah-XAHtransitive verb1excel2go beyond3outrun4outstrip5outdistanceunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒰2gah-XAHnoun1limb, bough, or branch of a tree2branch of a stream3stream of water4creek or river
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷1GAH-xeh1make, fix, prepare, baketransitive verb2buildtransitive verb3make or force someone to do somethingtransitive verb4cause something to be a certain waytransitive verb5turn ontransitive verb6do, perform, engage intransitive verb7make it (in a card game)intransitive verb8maketransitive verb9dotransitive verb10acttransitive verb11behavetransitive verb12causetransitive verbcf-𐓍𐒷
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷2KAH-xehunspec. var.𐒼'𐒰𐓐𐒷noun1crow
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°KAH-xeh TAHⁿ-kahnoun1ravenbig crowunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷2π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰gah-XEE-thahtransitive verb1make fall to the ground by striking, etc.cfπ“π“Žπ“π’»π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰1
π’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜gah-XOHⁿ1break off, break by striking (a long object, such as a stick)transitive verb2be broken (when used with continuative auxiliary akxa or apa)intransitive verb3break, as a nail, ear of corn, stick, etc., by striking, without breaking it entirely in twotransitive verb4break or be broken by fallingtransitive verbcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’»π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“‚Ν˜
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒷𐓐𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒷gah-XTHEH-xtheh-gehThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓐𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒷arch. var. of𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷arch. var. of𐒼𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷
π’Όπ’°π“π“Žπ“π’·gah-XÜ-xehtransitive verb1break, as any small or thin object, requiring little force, as a pecan nut