𐒰
𐒰ahnoun1arm2foreleg
π’°Ν˜ahⁿ1yesFemalecf𐒹𐓂𐓏𐒷2
𐒰 π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°AH kahⁿ TAHⁿ-kahnoun1muscle of the arm or forelegunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒰𐒴𐓂AH-brohnoun1shoulder
𐒰𐒹𐒰AH-hahah-HAH1wheneveradverb2as soon as3immediately when4whereupon
𐒰𐒹𐒻ah-HEEintransitive verb1reach there, not his home, or for the first timeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’°π’Ήπ“Ž1AH-hoonoun1wing2shoulder blade
π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2ah-HOOah-HÜintransitive verb1be coming to this place, not his home, or for the first timeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’°π’Ήπ“Ž π“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜AH-hoo MAHⁿ-theeⁿnoun1turkey cockunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Ήπ“Ž1π“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜
π’°π’Ήπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜AH-hoo-AH-leeⁿnoun1angelwings uponunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Ήπ“Ž1π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐒴𐒰AH-gah-brahtransitive verb1open, as one's eyes or arms
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰AH-gah-hah1on2upon3on top4top5summit6outside of, as an enclosure
π’°π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“€π’»Ν˜AH-gah-hah-meeⁿunspec. var.𐒰𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰𐓀𐒻noun1coat2capeunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“€π’»Ν˜3
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰AH-gah-hah-pahnoun1vest
π’°π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ’°AH-gah-hah-tahadverb1outside of a certain area2on the outside3on the outskirts of4in the surroundings of5on the other side (of a perimeter)6afterward7after the present event8in the future9hereafter10off the record11outside of the main events or activity and in secret12isolated from13socially distant fromunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ’°4
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐓆𐓄𐒷1ah-GAH-spehnoun1shade2blind3covering
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐓆𐓄𐒷2AH-gah-spehtransitive verb1put over2put upon3cover (as with cloth or blanket)4cover with dirt (as a grave)5cover over6cover upunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜AHⁿ-kah-txahⁿ1we who2we who standunspec. comp. form ofπ’°Ν˜-3π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
𐒰𐒼𐒰𐓒𐓂AH-gah-zohtransitive verb1inquire into2examine3inspect4probe5test by questions
π’°π’Όπ’»π’°π“†π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»AH-kee-ah-sahⁿ-dseeintransitive verb1put each other to a testunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π’°π“†π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»
𐒰𐒼𐒻𐒷AH-kee-ehtransitive verb1talk for or against2talk up or talk down, as when expressing one's emotions with respect to some topic3take up for4argue on behalf of5take someone's side (as an attorney at law argues on behalf of a client)unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
𐒰𐒼𐒻𐒹𐒰AH-kee-hahadverb1beyond another thing2afterward3following
𐒰𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒻𐒷AH-kee-kee-ehintransitive verb1contend with or compete with one another2compete withunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2𐒰𐒼𐒻𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
π’°π’Όπ’»π’Ώπ’»Ν˜ah-KEE-leeⁿtransitive verb1have for oneself2have as one's ownQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 10) that this term is "sometimes used with suus semantics."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓄𐒰AH-kee-pahtransitive verb1encounter2meet
π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π“ˆπ“‚AH-gee-sdohah-GEE-sdohnoun1trial2hearing3legal proceedingunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°AH-kee-dahnoun1law enforcement2police3army4armed forces5soldier6armed preson7officer8grenadier
π’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’° π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜AH-kee-dah NAHⁿ-zheeⁿnoun1soldierunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜
π’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·1AH-gee-dohⁿ-beh1watch over, look after, look at (one's own things or people)transitive verb2watch over, look after, look at one's ownintransitive verbunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·
π’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·2AH-kee-dohⁿ-behtransitive verb1watch over oneself2watch oneself3look at oneself4look after oneself5watch over each other6watch over things for oneself7watch over one's own thingsQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 10) that this term is "sometimes used as transitive with suus semantics."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π’°π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·
π’°π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·3AH-gee-dohⁿ-behtransitive verb1watch over, tend (someone who is not a family member or not close)unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π’°π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·
𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓐𐒷AH-gee-xeh1move aroundtransitive verb2be all aroundtransitive verb3encircle a place or a person (especially in an annoying way)transitive verb4be around, especially in a bothersome wayintransitive verb5pass byverb6circle around (as in a tipi meeting: 'go clear around', avoiding the center)verb7go table hoppingintransitive verb8table hopintransitive verb9hang aroundintransitive verb10be around closeintransitive verb11be arrayed around, as when making a path aroundintransitive verb12skirting the edge (such as cows around a pond)intransitive verb13around (e.g., the edge of a pond)14skirting the edge of something
π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜AH-kohⁿnoun1armbandcfπ’°π“„π’»π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚ π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜ahⁿ-KOH AHⁿ-kah-txahⁿarch. var.π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“Ž π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜1we who standunspec. comp. form ofπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’°Ν˜-3π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚ π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜AHⁿ-koh SHGEE-dahⁿarch. var.π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“Ž π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1we too, or for our partMalecfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒼𐒻
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’·ahⁿ-KOH-ehahⁿ-koh-EHunspec. var.π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚pronoun1we2uscfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°
π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π’Ώπ’·AH-kohⁿ-lehunspec. var.π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π’Ώπ’°noun1braceletunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°ahⁿ-KOH-dahpronoun1we (emphatic)2us (emphatic)cfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’·π’·2𐓍𐒻𐒷𐓏𐒻𐒷
π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·AH-gohⁿ-zehtransitive verb1examineunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·1
π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜AHⁿ-koh-ZHEE-dahⁿarch. var.π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“Žπ““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1we too, or for our partFemalecfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚ π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
𐒰𐒼𐓇𐒻ah-KSHEEintransitive verb1reach there again2reach there, his homecfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷
𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰1ah-KXAH1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 3rd person singular or plural nonmoving subject that is present with speaker2he/she/it is characterized by, they are characterized by [the immediately preceding word or phrase, which may be a noun phrase]cf𐒰𐓄𐒰1
𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰2ah-KXAH1subject marker (follows a subject [singular or plural] that is not moving, including dead nonhuman animates [apa is used for dead humans] and is present with speaker or is an abstract entity)2generic noun subject marker3the singular or collective subject of an action, which is performed of his or her own accord, and not by request or permission of anothercf𐒰𐓄𐒰2
π’°π’Ύπ“Žah-KYOOintransitive verb1be coming home, or back to this place, not his homecfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2𐒰𐒼𐓇𐒻𐒰𐒿𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜AH-lahⁿarch. var.π’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜transitive verb1place vertically against2place on3put on4place a curvilinear object, garment, book, etc., on something elsecf𐒰𐒿𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-𐓂𐒿𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓂-unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
𐒰𐒿𐒰𐒼𐒷AH-lah-gehtransitive verb1be bothered or annoyed by2be irritated by3find bothersome
𐒰𐒿𐒷1AH-leharch. var.𐒰𐒼𐓍𐒷transitive verb1place an item upright on another item2set on (e.g., set a kettle on a fire)3place on top of another in an upright position4place a standing inanimate object or a collection of objects on top of something elsecfπ’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-𐓂𐒿𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓂-unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
𐒰𐒿𐒷2ah-LEHarch. var.𐒼𐓍𐒷intransitive verb1start homeward from this place2go homewardDorsey notes that this is a possessive of the.For motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1𐒰𐓍𐒷
𐒰𐒿𐒻ah-LEEarch. var.𐒼𐓍𐒻intransitive verb1to have come back or homeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π“Šπ’»2𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜AH-leeⁿ1sit ontransitive verb2sit upontransitive verb3ride ontransitive verb4chairnoun5seatnoun6upon (used in numbers)This term is used as a connector to express numbers 11 through 19.cfπ’·π“Šπ’»1π’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“‚π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π“†π“Šπ’·AH-leeⁿ-sdsehnoun1sofa2couch3divan4chaise loungelong chairunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π“†π“Šπ’·cont. var. ofπ“†π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·
π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’·AH-leeⁿ-tseh-thehnoun1wheelchairunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’·1
π’°π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜1AH-lohⁿ-theeⁿunspec. var.π’°π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»transitive verb1forget2leave behind
π’°π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜2AH-lohⁿ-theeⁿintransitive verb1get drunkunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜
π’°π“π’°Ν˜π’Ό'π“‚Ν˜AH-nahⁿ-k'ohⁿtransitive verb1listen to2listen3heedunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π’°Ν˜π’Ό'π“‚Ν˜
π’°π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·AH-nahⁿ-KOH-geharch. var.π’°π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“Žπ’Όπ’·noun1porchthud upon by action of the feetunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π’°Ν˜-𐒼𐓂𐒼𐒷
𐒰𐓄𐒰1ah-BAH1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 3rd person singular or plural moving or absent subject2he/she/it is characterized by, they are characterized by (the immediately preceding word or phrase, which may be a noun phrase)cf𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰1
𐒰𐓄𐒰2ah-BAH1subject marker (follows a subject [singular or plural that is moving or is not present with speaker); used for respect with deceased persons even if present (akxa is used with animals)2the sign of the plural subject of an action performed of their own accord, and not by request or permission of another3the one moving subjectcf𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰2
π’°π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°AH-bah-tahnoun1fence
𐒰𐓄𐒷AH-behnoun1leaf
π’°π“„π’»π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜AH-bee-oh-lahⁿnoun1armbandcfπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π’°π“„π“Žπ“π’·AH-boo-xehintransitive verb1boil, as food boils when cooking2foam upThis term refers to something boiling (i.e., "the water is boiling"), not the act of boiling something (i.e., I am boiling it.").
π’°π“†π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»AH-sahⁿ-dseetransitive verb1put to the test
π’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°ah-SEEⁿ-kahunspec. var.π’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°noun1daughter (third) (my)2daughter (third) (your)3daughter (third) (his/her)4daughter (third)cfπ’°π“†π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“€π’»π“π’°π“†π’»π’Όπ’·π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷
𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰ah-SEE-pahunspec. var.𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒱noun1sister (baby) (my)2daughter (baby) (my)3daughter (baby) (your)4daughter (baby) (his/her)FemaleQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 18) that this term "Does not use the inalienable possessive prefixes." By that she means the i-, thi-, and wi- prefixes.cf𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π’»π“ˆπ’°1𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°
𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ’°ah-SEE-pah EE-tahunspec. var.𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒱 π’»π“ˆπ’°noun1sister (baby) (his/her)2daughter (baby) (his/her)Femalecf𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°
𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°ah-SEE-pah THEE-tahunspec. var.𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒱 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°noun1sister (baby) (your)2daughter (baby) (your)Femalecf𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰𐒰𐓆𐒻𐓄𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“†π’»π“„π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
π’°π“†π’»π““π’»Ν˜ah-SEE-zheeⁿnoun1daughter (fourth and beyond) (my)2daughter (fourth and beyond) (your)3daughter (fourth and beyond) (his/her)4daughter (fourth and sebsequent daughters)cfπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“€π’»π“π’°π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷
π’°π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜AH-dah-kahⁿunspec. var.π’°π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’²noun1lamp2lightunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’°π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜ 𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻 𐓁𐒻𐓁𐒻AH-dah-kahⁿ WEH-lee NEE-neenoun1oil welllamp + oil + spring, wellunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻𐓁𐒻𐓁𐒻2unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1𐓁𐒻𐓁𐒻1
π’°π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·AH-dohⁿ-behtransitive verb1watch over2watch, tend, take care of (e.g., some entity, such as a baby or a purse, or some process, such as cookingunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·
π’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜AH-txahⁿunspec. var.π’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜transitive verb1tread on2tread on it3bring down the foot on paper, etc., to keep it from being blown awayunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’°π“Šπ’·AH-dsehtransitive verb1climb2climb onto (by using the arms)3embrace4wrap one's arms around
π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’·AH-dseh-thehtransitive verb1build a fire onunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’°π“Šπ’»1ah-TSEEintransitive verb1camp2make campunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“Šπ’»1
π’°π“Šπ’»2ah-TSEEintransitive verb1to have come to this place, not his home, or for the first timeFor motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1𐒰𐓍𐒷𐒰𐒿𐒻𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’°π“Šπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜AH-tsee-tahⁿnoun1arbor2dance arbor3brush arbor
𐒰𐓍𐒰ah-THAHAH-thah1indeed2trulyMalecf𐒷𐓍𐒷
π’°π“π’°π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°AH-thah-tah-hahnoun1on the other side
𐒰𐓍𐒷ah-THEHintransitive verb1goQuintero notes on page 5 of her dictionary, "This verb is rarely used in imperatives (maⁿthiⁿ is preferred)."For motion verbs, the initial a- is rarely used on first- or second-person forms, and is often omitted with third-person subject.cfπ’°π’Ήπ’»π’°π’Ήπ“Ž2π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»π’°π’Ύπ“Žπ’°π’Ώπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π’°π“π’·π’°π’Ώπ’»π’°π“Šπ’»2
π’°π“π’»Ν˜1ah-THEEⁿtransitive verb1have2have or keep3own4possess
π’°π“π’»Ν˜2AH-theeⁿnoun1ridge or divide
π’°π“π’»Ν˜π’°π““π’°Ν˜ah-THEEⁿ-AH-zhahⁿtransitive verb1copulate with2lay3have intercourse withcfπ“Šπ“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“π’»Ν˜1π’°π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π““π’°Ν˜1
π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜AH-thee-dahⁿtransitive verb1close by pulling2pull to3shutunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3
𐒰𐓍𐒻𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷AH-thee-xoh-behtransitive verb1honor
𐒰𐓍𐓂𐒹𐒰ah-THOH-hahadverb1again
π’°π“π“Žπ’΄π’°AH-thoo-brahtransitive verb1spread upon2spread overunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π“Ž-
π’°π“π“Žπ“†π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’·AH-thΓΌ-sdah-gehtransitive verb1bind or bandage, as a limbunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π“Ž-
π’°π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°ah-THOO-tahadverb1across
π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·AH-thoo-xehunspec. var.𐒰𐓍𐒻𐓐𐒷transitive verb1marry, get married to, take as a husband (gender-specific term)unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π“Žπ“π’·1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π’°π“Ž1AH-oo
π’°π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·AH-wah-nohⁿ-brehnoun1tableunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·
𐒰𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒷AH-xah-gehtransitive verb1cry forunspec. comp. form of𐒰-2𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒷
π’°π““π’°Ν˜AH-zhahⁿ1lie downintransitive verb2bednouncfπ“‚π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π““π’°Ν˜1unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π““π’°Ν˜1
𐒰𐓓𐒻ah-ZHEEunspec. var.𐓓𐒻11not (negative, negator)If this term follows a word ending in -e, this term's beginning letter a- usually replaces the -e and merges with the previous term.
π’°π““π’»Ν˜ah-ZHEEⁿverb1think or suppose that (something has happened, etc.)
π’°Ν˜π““π’»ahⁿ-ZHEE1but2or
𐒲
𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂ah-EEⁿ-bah-xohnoun1copperhead2Arapahoover the mountaincfπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1
𐒴
𐒴𐒰2braharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰verb1open2spread out
π’΄π’°Ν˜brahⁿunspec. var.𐒴𐒰1arch. var.π“„π“π’°Ν˜1smellintransitive verbThe idea of smell here refers to giving off a smell/odor, not the act of smelling something.2emanate an odorintransitive verb3give off a fragranceintransitive verb4emit or exhale an odorintransitive verb5smellnoun6odornoun7scentnoun
π’΄π’°π’΄π’°π“Šπ’·brah-BRAH-dseharch. var.π“„π“π’°π“„π“π’°π“Šπ’·adjective1straight, as the hypotenuse of an inclined plane, or the side of a hill2sloping, as a hill
𐒴𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷BRAH-brah-zeharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓒𐒷adjective1torn in several places2chapped, as the hands, face, etc.This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷
𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰BRAH-k'aharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒰adjective1flat2flat, as a chair bottom, the broad surface of a board, etc.3flat boardcfπ’΄π’°π“†π’Όπ’°π’΄π’°π“‡π’Όπ’°π’΄π’°π“π’°π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°
π’΄π’°π“„π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·PawhuskaBRAH-xpahⁿ-kehnoun1mosquitocfπ’Ώπ’°π“„π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
𐒴𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰BRAH-sgaharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰adjective1flat2level3straight, as a line on a stove-pipe, or other long cylindrical body4rounded and longcf𐒴𐒰𐒼'π’°π’΄π’°π“‡π’Όπ’°π’΄π’°π“π’°π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°
𐒴𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰BRAH-shgaharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰adjective1having a flat surface in the middle, with the edges rounded and curving downward, as a door knob, or the top of a hat (convex objects)cf𐒴𐒰𐒼'π’°π’΄π’°π“†π’Όπ’°π’΄π’°π“π’°π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°
𐒴𐒰𐓍𐒰BRAH-thahunspec. var.𐒴𐒰𐓍𐒷arch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓍𐒰adjective1broad2wide3wide and smooth, as a prairie4smoothed out (e.g., icing on a cake, a fabric or tablecloth lying flat on a surface, but not a blanket on a bed or pallet)5having a flat surface in the middle, with the edges rounded and curving upward, as in a plate or other concave objectscf𐒴𐒰𐒼'π’°π’΄π’°π“†π’Όπ’°π’΄π’°π“‡π’Όπ’°π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°
𐒴𐒰𐓐𐒷BRAH-xeharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓐𐒷1edgenoun2edging (e.g., a fabric or ribbon sewn around the edges of a blanket or garment)noun3straight or flat, as the top or edge of a box's side, the narrow edge of a plank, etc.adjective
𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷BRAH-zeharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓒𐒷adjective1torn2rent
𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰BREH-kaharch. var.𐓄𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰adjective1lean2thin
π’΄π’·π“’π’°Ν˜π“π’°breh-ZAHⁿ-thahunspec. var.π’΄π’·π“’π’°π“π’°Ν˜arch. var.π“„π“π’·π“’π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“„π“π’·π“’π’°Ν˜π“π’°adjective1drooping, languid, as one who has not recovered his strength after sickness2as applied to vegetation, it means withered and fallen over, past recovery
π’΄π’»Ν˜1breeⁿunspec. var.π’°π“π’»Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’·intransitive verb1I am2I was3I am characterized by (e.g., I have a certain condition)4I am present5I was presentcfπ“€π’»Ν˜2unspec. comp. form of𐒴-π“π’»Ν˜1
π’΄π’»Ν˜2breeⁿarch. var.π“„π“π’»Ν˜transitive verb1scatter right and left, as wet wheat or corn, by pushing with a shovel or pitchfork: this is done to dry it
𐒴𐓂𐒼𐒰BROH-gaharch. var.π“„π“π“Žπ’Όπ’°1in bulk (e.g., a purchase of fruit, coffee, or kerosene)2wholesale3in large quantities4overall5undivided6by the yard (fabrics)7in large pieces, not merely pieces of some item but the entire item (cooking)8it its entirety9fully10whole11entire12complete13dollarnoun14round, as a pencil, stove pipe, etc.adjective15cylindrical, but not necessarily perpendicularadjective
π’΄π“ŽbrΓΌarch. var.π“„π“π“Žadjective1powdered2pulverized3fine
π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°BROO-sgahadjective1flat, wadded upcf𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓍𐒰
𐒡
𐒡𐒰𐓄𐒰CHAH-pahadjective1short2rounded and somewhat squat3short and smallQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of dapa.cfπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“Šπ’°π“„π’°
π’΅π’°π“„π’°π““π’»Ν˜CHAH-pah-zheeⁿadjective1short and smallunspec. comp. form ofπ’΅π’°π“„π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒡𐒷𐓓𐒷CHEH-zhehverb1pee-peeQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of dsezhe.cfπ“Šπ’·π““π’·
𐒡𐓂𐒹𐓂unspec. var.π’΅π“Žπ’Ήπ“Žadjective1greencfπ“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚
𐒡𐓂𐓄𐒰CHOH-bah1fewadjective2littleadjectiveThe idea of little here refers to a small amount, such as "a little coffee."3fewnoun4a small amount or numbernoun5a little bitnounQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of doba.
𐒡𐓂𐓄𐒰 π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷CHOH-bah EH-gohⁿ GAH-xehunspec. var.𐒡𐓂𐓄𐒰 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷transitive verb1lessen2reduce3decreasemake small-likeThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’΅π“‚π“„π’°π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π’΅π“‚π“„π’°π““π’»Ν˜CHOH-bah-zheeⁿ1a very small amountnoun2very littleadjective3a fewadjectiveQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 28) that this term is a diminutive of choba.unspec. comp. form ofπ’΅π“‚π“„π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒷
𐒷1ehtransitive verb1say2ask or tell someone to do something
𐒷2ehpronoun13rd person emphatic or contrastive pronoun (that one, that person, she/her, he/him; those persons, them; this [pragmatically obvious] person or thing; the foregoing; she herself, he himself, they themselves)2he, she, it3thatcfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π’·π“π’»π’·
π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜EH-gohⁿunspec. var.π’·π’Όπ’°Ν˜arch. var.π’·π’Όπ“ŽΝ˜1likeadverb2similar toadverb3like thatadverb4likewiseadverb5similarlyadverb6soadverb7be soverb8be so or likeverb9somewhatverbπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’· π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜somewhat broad10a littleverb11resembleverbcfπ’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜ 𐓆𐒼𐒰EH-gohⁿ sgahverb1I guess that's rightunspec. comp. form ofπ’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°2
π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜ π“π’°π“Šπ’·EH-gohⁿ thah-DSEHtransitive verb1say something right or correctlyThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“π’°π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
𐒷𐓁𐒰eh-NAHEH-nah1be the only (one)intransitive verb2therefore3that's why4that only5enoughadjective
π’·π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜eh-SHGEE-dahⁿ1he, she, it, or that too2he, for his partMalecfπ“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻3π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒷2π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒼𐒻
π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1EH-dahⁿeh-DAHⁿ1thereforeconn2becauseconn3whenadverb4whileadverb
π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2eh-TAHⁿunspec. var.π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜31wellinterj2thencf𐒹𐒰3π“π’°Ν˜2
π’·π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°EH-tah-hah1towardunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°1
π’·π“ˆπ’°π“π’°EH-dah-nahunspec. var.π’·π“ˆπ’°π“π’°Ν˜π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜1that is why2therefore3thus4so
π’·π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜eh-TXAHⁿ1stilladverb2it is timeverb
π’·π“Šπ’»1EH-dsee1and (in numbers only)2pluscfπ’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜
π’·π“Šπ’»2eh-DSEEEH-dsee1be present here/thereintransitive verb2exist here/thereintransitive verb3be at that timeintransitive verb4thereadverbπ“†π’»π“ˆπ“‚π“Šπ’» π’·π“Šπ’» π“π’°π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’·Were you standing there yesterday?5in that placeadverb
π’·π“Šπ’»π“π“Šπ’»eh-DSEE-xdsee1just thereunspec. comp. form ofπ’·π“Šπ’»2-π“π“Šπ’»
𐒷𐓍𐒷eh-THEH1indeed2trulyFemalecf𐒰𐓍𐒰
𐒹
𐒹𐒰1hahnoun1skin of any animal2bark of a tree3shell of nuts4cuticle5hide6rawhide7skin8skin of an animal9rind10fabric11cloth12barkcfπ“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°
𐒹𐒰2hah1through (direction)2along a path3in a direction4by way of5from6in different ways or places7so many in each place
𐒹𐒰3hahinterj1well (often precedes a statement or command)cfπ’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2π“π’°Ν˜2
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜hahⁿ1nightnoun2nighttimenoun3during the nightadverb4at nightadverb5nocturnaladjective
𐒹𐒰 𐓇𐓂𐒼𐒰HAH shoh-GAHHAH SHOH-gahnoun1thick skin2exoskeletonunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒰1𐓇𐓂𐒼𐒰
𐒹𐒰𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰HAH-breh-kahnoun1ribbonthin clothunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒰1𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰
𐒹𐒰𐒹𐒰HAH-hahadjective1ready
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°HAHⁿ-kah1sacredadjective2holyadjective3bald eaglenoun4dark-plummed eaglenoun5earth division (of the Osage tribe)noun6innocence emblem in peace ceremony (a child)noun
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷HAHⁿ-kah LEH-zhehnoun1golden eagle when young2spotted eaglecfπ“Šπ’»π““π“‚π“π’»π“π’°2arch. var. ofπ“π“Žπ“π’°1π“π“Žπ“π’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Ώπ’·π““π’·
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π““π’»HAHⁿ-kah-zheearch. var.π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π““π’»1no2not so with reference to him
π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜hah-GOHⁿHAH-gohⁿ1how much2whatever3how4which way5be how6what7what is wrong with8in what manner?9why?10wherefore?cfπ’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°HAH-gohⁿ-dah1why
π’Ήπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜π“†π’»HAH-mahⁿ-seenoun1spade, spades (suit in a deck of cards)cfπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒻1𐓄𐒷 π“π’°π’Ήπ’°π“Š'𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’·π’°π““π’»π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2
𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰HAH-bahnoun1corn2fresh corncf𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰 π“π’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“„π’°π“π’°π“Šβ€™π’·π’Όπ’·
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’°HAHⁿ-bahunspec. var.π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°noun1day
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·HAHⁿ-bah ee-TAH-xehunspec. var.π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·1the tip or beginning of dayunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·
𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰 π“π“Žπ’Όπ’°HAH-bah thΓΌ-GAHtransitive verb1husk cornThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“„π’°π“π“Žπ’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰 π“π’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰HAH-bah wah-ts'EH-gahnoun1fresh corngentle corncf𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“„π’°π“π’°π“Šβ€™π’·π’Όπ’·
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜HAHⁿ-bah-dahⁿ1during the day2dailyunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1
𐒹𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰hah-SGAHunspec. var.𐒹𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰noun1shirt2dress3buckskin dress4clothes5clothing6fabric7cloth8material
π’Ήπ’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π“π’·HAH-sheeⁿ-theh1inside outadjective2inside outadverbcfπ“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°π“‡π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π’Ήπ’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°hah-SHDAH-hahnoun1broadclothunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒰1π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°
π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜HAH-txahⁿhah-TXAHⁿunspec. var.π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ’Όπ“π’°Ν˜adverb1how far2what distance3for how long?
π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°hah-TXAHⁿ-dahHAH-txahⁿ-dahunspec. var.π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“π“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°adverb1when in the future2what time in the futurecfπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»hah-TXAHⁿ-dseeHAH-txahⁿ-dseeunspec. var.π’Ήπ’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»adverb1when in the past2at what time in the pastcfπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
π’Ήπ’°π“Šπ’»HAH-tseeadverb1all the time2every time3continually4repeatedly5alwayscfπ“π’°Ν˜3π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π’Ήπ’°π“π’°π“†π’Όπ’°Ν˜HAH-thah-sgahⁿ1how big, how smallcfπ“π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°
π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“π’·hahⁿ-THEHnoun1tonightunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“π’·2
𐒹𐒰𐓏𐒷hah-WEH1hello
π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜hah-XEEⁿnoun1blanket (bed blanket or Pendleton-type wool blanket for wearing)cfπ“€π’»Ν˜3𐓂𐓀𐒻𐓓𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π“€π’»Ν˜3π““π’°Ν˜1
π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·hah-XEEⁿ-LEH-zheh-GAH-xehnoun1Navajo (tribe or tribal member)one who makes spotted/speckled/stippled [lezhe] blanketscf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
𐒹𐒰𐓒𐒷HAH-zehintransitive verb1flee2flee from danger3run away out of harm's reach4escape
π’Ήπ’°π“’π“ŽHAH-zoo1purpleadjective2grapenoun3grapes, of any kindnouncfπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’· 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π“†π’°π“„π’·
π’Ήπ’°π“’π“Žπ“π’»HAH-zoo-neenoun1grape juiceunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“’π“Žπ“π’»1
π’Ήπ’²π“π’»Ν˜HAHⁿ-eeⁿ-neeⁿunspec. var.π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π’Ήπ’²π“π’»noun1dark2darkness
𐒹𐒷1heh1horn (e.g., of cow or buffalo)
𐒹𐒷2hehnoun1lice2louse
𐒹𐒷 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷HEH GAH-xehnoun1 roached hair2little boy's roached hair with a talemake horn
𐒹𐒷𐒹𐒰𐒹𐒰heh-HAH-hahunspec. var.𐒹𐒷𐒹𐒰𐒹𐒱intransitive verb1breathe hard2pantcf𐒹𐒷𐒹𐒷
𐒹𐒷𐒹𐒷heh-HEHintransitive verb1short of breathcf𐒹𐒷𐒹𐒰𐒹𐒰
𐒹𐒷𐒼𐒰HEH-gahnoun1buzzard2hawkcfπ’Ώπ’·π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π’Ήπ’·π“‚π“Šπ’·HEH-oh-dsehunspec. var.π’Ήπ’»π“‚π“Šπ’·noun1monkeylooks for liceunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒷2π“‚π“Šπ’·
𐒹𐒷𐓄𐒷HEH-beh1a small amountadjective2approximately half a containeradjective3piecenoun4partnoun5somenoun6a bitnoun
π’Ήπ’·π“„π’·π““π’»Ν˜HEH-beh-zheeⁿ1a little piecenoun2a small amountnoun3a little bit (used with both count nouns and mass nouns)noun4a littleadverbunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’·π“„π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’Ήπ’·π“Šπ’»Ν˜HEH-tseeⁿintransitive verb1sneeze
π’Ήπ’·π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°HEH-thohⁿ-bahnoun1braids2ponytails (two sections of hair, one gathered from left and one from right side of the head, bound close to the scalp, and hanging loosely)two hornsunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒷1π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°
𐒹𐒷𐓐𐓄𐒰HEH-xpah1bushy headnoun2frowzyadjective3unkemptadjective4fuzzyadjective5disheveled (e.g., having mussed or messed-up hair)adjective
𐒹𐒻1heeunspec. var.π’Ήπ’»Ν˜4noun1tooth2teeth
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜1heeⁿinterj1isn't it so (expression inserted between phrases, marking pauses, in certain speeches of early to mid-1900s, somewhat like French "n'est-ce pas?" or use of "you know?" by some English speakers
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2heeⁿunspec. var.𐒹𐒻3𐒹𐒻'π’»Ν˜π’Ήπ“Ž2noun1hair2whiskers3fur4fuzz as on a peach5slivers or small strips of anything6feathers
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜3heeⁿnoun1color2colors3bright colors
𐒹𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷hee OH-gah-shah-geharch. var.𐒹𐒻 π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·noun1whatever gets between the teeth, as particles of food2anything which gets between the teeth, as particles of foodunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒻1
𐒹𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷 π’»π“„π’°π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·hee OH-gah-shah-geh EE-bah-goh-dseharch. var.𐒹𐒻 π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“‡π’°π’Όπ’· π’»π“„π’°π’Όπ“Žπ“Šπ’·noun1toothpickunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒻1𐒻-1π“„π’°π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐒹𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷 π“„π’°π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·hee OH-gah-shah-geh bah-GOH-dseharch. var.𐒹𐒻 π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“‡π’°π’Όπ’· π“„π’°π’Όπ“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1pick the teethThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒻 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒻1π“„π’°π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·HEEⁿ ZHOO-dsehHEEⁿ ZHÜ-dsehnoun1female of the larger variety of the wild turkeyred featherscfπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’»Ν˜2π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·
π’Ήπ’»π’Όπ’°Ν˜HEE-kahⁿunspec. var.𐒹𐒻𐒼𐒰noun1ankle
𐒹𐒻𐓄𐓇𐒷HEE-pshehintransitive verb1stumble and fall
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°HEEⁿ-skahnoun1beads
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’° 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷HEEⁿ-skah GAH-xeh1do beadworktransitive verb2beadworknounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°heeⁿ-SHAHnoun1Caddo (tribe or tribal member)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π“Šπ’·HEEⁿ-shdsehunspec. var.π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’΅π’·π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’΅π’·π“Šπ’·π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·adjective1fuzzy
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·HEEⁿ-dsehheeⁿ-DSEHnoun1dish2plate3crockery4bowl5bark (of a tree)
π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’· π’Ήπ“ŽHEEⁿ-dseh hoonoun1pawpaw (the plant, not the fruit)Asimina trilobaunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“Ž1
𐒹𐒻𐓍𐒰hee-THAHintransitive verb1bathe2swimcfπ“π’»π“€π’°Ν˜
𐒹𐒿𐒰hlahunspec. var.𐒿𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒰noun1bud2blossom
𐒹𐒿𐒰 𐓒𐒻𐓄𐒷hlah ZEE-beharch. var.𐓐𐓍𐒰 𐓒𐒻𐓄𐒷𐓐𐓍𐒰 𐓒𐒻𐓄𐒻noun1Augustmonth of yellow flowersThis month is the first month of autumn.cfπ“ˆπ’° 𐒹𐒷 𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐒹𐒷1π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜-π“„π’·π“ˆπ’° π’Όπ’»π“π“Žπ“π’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π“π“Žπ“π’·1-π“„π’·π“ˆπ’° π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’·-𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓒𐒻-𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of-𐒰𐓄𐒻𐓍𐒷3
𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰HLAH-sgahhlah-SGAHunspec. var.𐒿𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰noun1flowerunspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰1
𐒹𐒿𐒻hleearch. var.𐓐𐓍𐒻intransitive verb1ooze out, as pus from a boil2suppurate
𐒹𐓂1hohnoun1voice2bark, moo, quack, etc.3make an animal noise
𐒹𐓂2hohnoun1fish
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·HOHⁿ-breh1dreamintransitive verb2have a dreamintransitive verb3dreamnoun4dreamingnoun
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·hohⁿ-BREEⁿ-kehnoun1beans2green beanscfπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π““π’»Ν˜
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚hohⁿ-BREEⁿ-keh TOH-hohunspec. var.π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜ π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚noun1green beanscfπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ π““π’»Ν˜hohⁿ-BREEⁿ-keh TOH-hoh zheeⁿnoun1peas2green beanscfπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒹𐓂𐓁𐒻HOH-neeunspec. var.π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»adverb1almost2nearlyQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 72) that this term "can be used to express 'fail to.'"cf𐓂𐓍𐓂𐒹𐒰-𐓄𐒰𐓁𐒻1
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·hohⁿ-BEHnoun1moccasins2shoes
π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜HOH-tahⁿarch. var.π’Ήπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜intransitive verb1yell2holler3shout4cry out5sing or sound out6make a loud sound7roar8bellow9make animal sounds (e.g., sing like a bird, moo, bark, howl)loud voice
π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°HOH-tahⁿ-kahnoun1Winnebago (Hochunk) (tribe or tribal member)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐒻𐒷HOH-tahⁿ-kah EE-ehnoun1Winnebago languageunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’»π’·
π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·HOHⁿ-tsehadverb1how2however
𐒹𐓂𐓏𐒰HOH-wah1which2which one
𐒹𐓂𐓏𐒷1HOH-wehnoun1mortar2grinder3mill
𐒹𐓂𐓏𐒷2hoh-WEHHOH-weh1yes (men's speech only)2yesMalecfπ’°Ν˜
𐒹𐓂𐓐𐓄𐒷HOH-xpeh1coughintransitive verb2coughnoun3cold with sniffles and fevernoun
π’Ήπ“Ž1hΓΌhoounspec. var.𐒹𐒻2noun1trunk2stock or trunk, as of a tree3stalk4tree, when used after the name of the fruit or wood5bush, when used after the name of bush grown fruit6leg7leg (e.g., of spider)8legsThis term is often used to express "tree" when paired with a term describing a type of tree. For example, xoⁿdse (cedar) and xoⁿdsehu (cedar tree).
π’Ήπ“Ž3hΓΌadjective1much2many
π’Ήπ“Žπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’°HOO-heh-gah1sickadjective2illadjective3illnessnoun4sicknessnoun
π’Ήπ“Žπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’° π“‚π’Όπ’°π“‡π’°Ν˜HOO-heh-gah oh-GAH-shahⁿ1nurse or care for the sicktransitive verb2nursenounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“Žπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’°π“‚π’Όπ’°π“‡π’°Ν˜2
π’Ήπ“Žπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’»HOO-heh-gah-tseenoun1hospitalsickness houseunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“Žπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’»1
π’Ήπ“Žπ’Όπ’°HOO-kahunspec. var.π’Ήπ“Žπ’Όπ’·1hook something (e.g., clothing or a tree, by using a thrown line)transitive verb2hook of any kindnoun
π’Ήπ“Žπ“Šπ’·hΓΌ-DSEHnoun1the lower part or bottom of an object2the lower part of a stream, usually excepting its mouthcfπ“Žπ“Šπ’·
π’Ήπ“Žπ“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜hΓΌ-WAH-leeⁿ1a great many2very muchunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“Ž3π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π’Ήπ“Žπ“π’·π’Ήπ’Ώπ’°π“Šπ’· π““π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’·HÜ-we-HLAH-dseh ZHÜ-dah-behnoun1the second month of the summer or doge season of the Osages, probably Maycf𐓏𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3-𐓄𐒷
𐒻
π’»Ν˜eeⁿnoun1rock2stone3stones, of any sort
π’»Ν˜π’΅π“‚Ν˜eeⁿ-CHOHⁿadverb1now
𐒻𐒷EE-eh1talkintransitive verb2sayintransitive verb3speakintransitive verb4make a speech or talkintransitive verb5talk abouttransitive verb6discusstransitive verb7speak oftransitive verb8speak a languagetransitive verb9wordnoun10wordsnoun11languagenoun12teachingsnoun13one's wordnoun14speechnoun15prayernoun
𐒻𐒷 𐓂𐒼𐒻𐓄𐓇𐒷EE-eh oh-GEE-pshehcont. var.𐒻𐒷 𐒼𐒻𐓄𐓇𐒷1keep one's wordtransitive verb2promise-keepernounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form of𐒻𐒷𐒼𐒻𐒼-1𐓂𐓄𐓇𐒷
𐒻𐒷 𐓂𐓄𐓇𐒷EE-eh oh-PSHEHtransitive verb1obey, follow, or keep true to someone's wordThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form of𐒻𐒷𐓂𐓄𐓇𐒷
𐒻𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜EE-eh thee-TAHⁿ1Braillenoun2read Brailletransitive verbtouch wordsunspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3
𐒻𐒷 π“π’°π“†π“Žπ’Ήπ’»EE-eh wah-SÜ-hee1pure wordsunspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’·π“π’°π“†π“Žπ’Ήπ“Ž
𐒻𐒹𐒰EE-hahnoun1mouth
π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°ee-HAHⁿ-kahnoun1sister-in-law (wife's sister) (his/her)2sister-in-law (brother's wife, of a male) (his)cfπ“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜ee-HOHⁿnoun1mother (his/her)2the mother3a mother4aunt (mother's older sister) (his/her)5wife (my)To express the idea of "my wife" with this term, say the name of the son first. For example, "son's name + ihoⁿ."Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜
π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ee-HOHⁿ-tahⁿnoun1aunt (mother's older sister) his/hercfπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜ee-HOHⁿ-zheeⁿnoun1aunt (mother's younger sister) (his/her)cfπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’»π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜EE-gah-tah-mahⁿnoun1bellunspec. comp. form of𐒻-1π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜
𐒻𐒼𐓂ee-KOHnoun1grandmother (his/her)2grandmother (my)3mother-in-law (husband's mother) (his/her)4mother-in-law (husband's mother) (my)5great aunt (mother's mother's sister) (his/her)6great aunt (mother's mother's sister) (my)7great aunt (father's mother's sister) (his/her)8great aunt (father's mother's sister) (my)9mother's cousin (mother's mother's brother's daughter) (his/her)10mother's cousin (mother's mother's brother's daughter) (my)11father's cousin (father's mother's brother's daughter) (his/her)12father's cousin (father's mother's brother's daughter) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cf𐓍𐒻𐒼𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*𐒼𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*𐒼𐓂
𐒻𐒼𐓂 π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ee-KOH lohⁿnoun1grandmother thundercfπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚ π“€π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“€π’»Ν˜1π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚ π“„π’·π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“„π’·π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻𐒼𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Όπ“‚π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜1unspec. var. ofπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜
𐒻𐒿𐒻EE-leenoun1phlegm2salivacfπ“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“‚π“π’°
π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°ee-LOHⁿ-pahnoun1son (first) (my, your, his/her)Quintero (Osage Dictionary, page 102) notes that for this term its "use beyond 1st and 2nd person (e.g., for 'my first son' and 'your first son') seems limited."cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“π’°π’Όπ’·π’Όπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜
π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜ee-LOHⁿ-pah ee-HOHⁿnoun1wife (my)2wife (your)3wife (his)Quintero notes that this term is both "vocative and referent" (Osage Dictionary (2009), page 102) which means it is used to both address this person, as well as refer to them when talking to someone else. She also notes that this term "can be used for 'wife' if the husband and wife have a son." (Osage Grammar (2004), page 484)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cf𐓍𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜
π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·1ee-LOHⁿ-pah ee-THAH-dsehunspec. var.π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’»noun1husband (my)2husband (your)3husband (her)cf𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“π’»π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·
π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·2ee-LOHⁿ-pah ee-THAH-dsehnoun1husband (your)cf𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“π’»π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·
π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ee-LOHⁿ-tahⁿcont. var.π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜noun1son (first) (my, your, his/her)2son (eldest)cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“π’°π’Όπ’·π’Όπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜
π’»π“π’°Ν˜ee-NAHⁿnoun1mother (my)2aunt (mother's sister) (my)This term can refer to either the mother's older or younger sister. Note that there are specific terms for each that can be used.3aunt (mother's older sister) (my)4aunt (mother's younger sister) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜
π’»π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ee-NAHⁿ-tahⁿnoun1aunt (mother's older sister) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π’»π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜ee-NAHⁿ-zheeⁿnoun1aunt (mother's younger sister) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰ee-NEE-kahnoun1husband (her)cf𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2π“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“ˆπ’°1𐓍𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰
π’»π“„π’°π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜EE-bah-hohⁿunspec. var.𐒻𐓄𐒰𐒹𐓂transitive verb1know (e.g., a fact, the answer to a question)2understand3know as a person4be acquainted with5recognize6know someone as (being a certain way or a certain type of person)7guess
π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜ee-SOHⁿ-eh-zheeⁿunspec. var.π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’°π““π’»Ν˜noun1brother (younger, of a female) (her)cfπ“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜
π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°ee-SOHⁿ-kahnoun1brother (younger, of a male) (his)cfπ“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷ee-SHEE-k'ehnoun1brother-in-law (husband's brother) (her)2brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a female) (her)3brother-in-law (husband's sister's husband, of a female) (her)cf𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷𐓏𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷
π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜ee-SHEE-kxahⁿnoun1sister-in-law (husband's sister) (her)2sister-in-law (brother's wife) (her)3sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (her)cfπ“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜
π’»Ν˜π“‡π“ˆπ’°eeⁿ-SHDAHunspec. var.π’»π“‡π“ˆπ’°noun1eye
π’»π“ˆπ’°1EE-tahee-TAHunspec. var.π“ˆπ’°71his/hers, theirs (be)pronoun2theirspronoun3belong to (him/her, them)pronoun4fit, be suitable or appropriateverbcfπ“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°
π’»π“ˆπ’°2EE-dahverb1be born
π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°ee-TAHⁿ-hahnoun1uncle (father's sister's husband) (his/her)2brother-in-law (wife's brother) (his/her)3brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a male) (his)cfπ“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°
π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·ee-TAHⁿ-kehnoun1sister (older) (his/her)Quintero notes, "The 'older sister' terms designate the older of the sisters, not necessarily someone older than the person speaking. They are also used between two female friends without regard to relative age."cfπ’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“‚eeⁿ-TAH-oh1indeed2really3trulyMaleThis term is often used to end a declarative sentence with the one(s) being addressed being some distance away.cf𐓂1𐓂2π“ˆπ’°Ν˜4
π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»eeⁿ-TAH-dseenoun1father (my)2uncle (father's brother) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-unspec. var. of𐒻-2
π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’» π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°eeⁿ-TAH-dsee wah-KOHⁿ-dahnoun1our heavenly fatherfather Godunspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°
π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»π““π’»Ν˜eeⁿ-TAH-dsee-zheeⁿnoun1uncle (father's brother) (my)As a general rule, kinship terms in Osage must have a prefix to express my, your, or his/her. This particular case is a rare exception where this base form can be used to address an individual (vocative).cfπ’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·EE-dah-thehtransitive verb1give birth to offspring2bear a child, etc.unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“ˆπ’°2-𐓍𐒷
π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·ee-TAH-xehnoun1tip2end or tip of an objectcfπ“ˆπ’°π“‡π“„π“Ž
π’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜ee-TEH-zheeⁿunspec. var.π’»π“ˆπ’°π’·π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“ˆπ’±π““π’»Ν˜noun1sister (younger) (his/her)Quintero notes, "The sister designated by a 'younger sister' term need not be younger than the speaker, just younger than another sister."cfπ“π’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜
π’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·ee-TOHⁿ-dsehnoun1son-in-law (daughter's husband) (his/her)cfπ“π’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·
π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·eeⁿ-DSEHnoun1face
π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»eeⁿ-DSEH-geenoun1uncle (mother's brother) (his/her)cfπ“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜-*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜-*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-unspec. var. of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»
π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜ee-TSEEⁿtransitive verb1hit with2strike withcfπ“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜
π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»EEⁿ-tseeunspec. var.π’»π“Šπ’»noun1stone houseunspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»1
π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚ee-TSEE-gohnoun1grandfather (his/her)2father-in-law (his/her)cfπ“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π’»π“ˆπ’°1π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚
π’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»ee-TSEE-meenoun1aunt (father's sister) (his/her)cfπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»
π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»ee-TSEE-neenoun1daughter-in-law (son's wife) (his/her)cfπ“€π’»Ν˜ π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜4π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“π’»π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“π’»
π’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·ee-tsee-OH-zhahⁿ-kehcont. var.π’»π“Šπ“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·noun1niece (brother's daughter, of a female) (her)cfπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚ee-TSEEⁿ-dohnoun1brother (older, of a female) (her)cfπ“π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚π“π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚
π’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚ee-TSEE-zhohnoun1cousin (father's sister's daughter) (his/her)2niece (sister's daughter, of a male) (his)cfπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚π“π’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚
π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°ee-TSOH-shgahnoun1nephew (wife's brother's son) (his/her)2nephew (sister's son, of a male) (his)3nephew (brother's son, of a female) (her)4cousin (father's sister's son) (his/her)5grandchild (his/her)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 91) that "use of term to mean 'grandchild' is unexpected."cfπ“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°
π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°ee-TSOH-shpahnoun1grandchild (his/her)cfπ“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°
π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·ee-THAH-dsehunspec. var.π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’»noun1father (his/her)2uncle (father's brother) (his/her)3husband (my)To express the idea of "my husband" with this term, say the name of the daughter first. For example, "daughter's name + ithadse."Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-π“π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·
π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜ee-THAH-dseh-zheeⁿnoun1father (his/her)2uncle (father's brother) (his/her)cfπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒻𐓍𐒷EE-thehtransitive verb1see2find3understand
π’»π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·EE-thohⁿ-behintransitive verb1appear
𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂ee-WAH-k'ohee-wah-k'OHnoun1wife (his)cf𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓍𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂
𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ee-WAH-k'oh-zheeⁿnoun1mother-in-law (his/her)cf𐓍𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’°π’Ό'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π““π’»Ν˜
π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·ee-ZHEEⁿ-kehnoun1son (his/her)2nephew (brother's son, of a male) (his)3nephew (sister's son, of a female) (her)cfπ“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·ee-ZHEEⁿ-thehcont. var.π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’·noun1brother (older, of a male) (his)cfπ“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·
π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°ee-ZHOHⁿ-ahnoun1sister (older, of a female) (her)cfπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°
π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·ee-ZHOHⁿ-kehnoun1daughter (his/her)2niece (brother's daughter, of a male) (his)3niece (sister's daughter, of a female) (her)cfπ“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·
𐒼
𐒼𐒰gah1that2that: refers to what is remote, at one side, or out of sight3these4this5this one (animate or inanimate [may apply to abstract entities], emphatic or expressing certainty or immediacy)6here, in this placecf𐓇𐒷1𐓇𐒷2
π’Όπ’°Ν˜kahⁿunspec. var.π’Όπ“‚Ν˜arch. var.𐒼'π’°Ν˜noun1vein2artery3blood vessel4roots of trees or plants5vein or blood vessel
π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°KAHⁿ TAHⁿ-kahnoun1muscleunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒻𐒼𐒷gah-HEE-gehnoun1chief2chief (especially a keeper of a sacred pipe)3great onecfπ“π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒻𐓍𐒰gah-HEE-thahtransitive verb1said when the wind blows or wafts an odor, etc., towards a person - refers to any light objectunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒿𐒻gah-HLEEarch. var.𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒻transitive verb1stun or kill, as a person or tree, by a blow2the killing of an enemy by a war party3the striking of an enemy by a warrior, an act which entitles him to a military honorunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜gah-HLOHⁿunspec. var.π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜arch. var.π’Όπ’°π“π“π’°Ν˜noun1hunting party composed of all or a large part of a tribe
π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ 𐒿𐒻gah-HLOHⁿ leearch. var.π’Όπ’°π“π“π“‚Ν˜ 𐒼𐓍𐒻intransitive verb1return of people from a huntThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ 𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’°π’Ώπ’»
π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ 𐓍𐒷gah-HLOHⁿ thehunspec. var.π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜ 𐓍𐒷arch. var.π’Όπ’°π“π“π“‚Ν˜ 𐓍𐒷intransitive verb1migrate2travel3go on a hunting expedition4go on a hunting expedition with many or all of the tribe5go with a large party, each man taking his householdThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ 𐒿𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’°π’Ώπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’·
π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜GAH-gohⁿgah-GOHⁿarch. var.π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“ŽΝ˜1in that manner2in this manner3thuscfπ“π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜GAH-gohⁿ-DAHⁿ1while thus2at that time3when this was done, or being done4therefore5thenunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1
π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·gah-KSHEEⁿ-dsehtransitive verb1strike a blow and miss the object, because the hand or weapon glides by, or the person or animal dodgescfπ“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·
𐒼𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷gah-LEH-geharch. var.𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒷transitive verb1break in, as a stove, skull, window pane, etc.For this term, Dorsey notes that it "Refers to hard objects, requiring much force."cfπ“π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷
𐒼𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷gah-LEH-leh-geharch. var.𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒷𐓐𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒷transitive verb1break an object into piecesThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷
π’Όπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜kah-MAHⁿKAH-mahⁿintransitive verb1ring2ring, as a bell3the sound produced by the striking of a bellThis term does not refer to the act of ringing a bell, but rather the actual ring of a bell.cfπ“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜
𐒼𐒰𐓁𐒰GAH-nah1only thatunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰𐓁𐒰1
𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷gah-BAH-bah-xehtransitive verb1break a rope in pieces or shreds by frequent blows with a stick or axeThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷gah-BAH-xehtransitive verb1break or cut a rope once with an axe or stickcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“„π’°π“π’·π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒻𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷k'AH-behadjective1notched (in one place)cf𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷
π’Όπ’°π“„π“Žπ“’π’·gah-BÜ-zehtransitive verb1dry an object by blowing on it, as the wind does2sweep dryunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“„π“Žπ“’π’·
𐒼𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷gah-PXOH-keharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“„π“π“Žπ’Όπ’·transitive verb1burst2explode3pop (e.g., a balloon)4hit someone on the back, knocking the wind out5make a thud or dull sound by striking a soft object, or the ground6clap the hands7burst, as a leaf on the forehead, by striking it with the hands8stun, crashcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“„π“π“‚π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷
𐒼'π’°Ν˜π“†π’°π’Όπ’»k'AHⁿ-sah-gee1fast in movementadjective2fleet (as a runner)adjective3quicklyadverb4fastadverb5rapidlyadverb6swiftlyadverb
𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒲gah-SAHⁿ-eeⁿnoun1tomorrow2on the morrowcfπ’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜
π’Όπ’°π“†π’²π“ˆπ’°Ν˜gah-SAHⁿ-eeⁿ-dahⁿ1during tomorrowunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“†π’²π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1
𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷gah-SEHGAH-sehtransitive verb1chop or cut with a striking blow (e.g., from a blade, such as an axe or knife)2cut with a lawnmower3chop up (e.g., long, thin sticks of wood for a fire)4chop down (not by sawing)5cut with an ax or hatchet, as a tree into firewoodcf𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π“†π’·π“π“Žπ“†π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*𐓆𐒷
π’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜gah-SEEⁿnoun1tomorrow2on the morrowcf𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒲
𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒻𐒼𐒷gah-SEE-gehtransitive verb1make pieces fly in all directions, by cutting with an ax, or by shootingcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“†π’»π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜gah-SEEⁿ-dahⁿ1during tomorrowunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1
𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷gah-SGEH-behtransitive verb1shave a personcf𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·gah-STSEH-gehtransitive verb1gash the skin by hitting with a knife, sharp stone, etc., or by falling on some sharp and prominent object2make a deep gash in the skin by hitting with a knife or stick, or by falling on some prominent or sharp objectcfπ“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·gah-STSEH-stseh-gehtransitive verb1gash the skin repeatedly by hitting with a knife, or by falling on some sharp object2tear clothing, etc., into shreds by blowing at it (said of the wind)This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfπ“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“π“Žπ“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻GAH-shee1a long time2long ago
𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻 π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°GAH-shee ZHEEⁿ-kah1a short time2a little while3a little while ago4after some timeunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“‡π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜gah-SHOHⁿunspec. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’·π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’·arch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜1enough2sufficient3enough (of some activity)4final point, end (e.g., of one's earthly existence)
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷gah-SHOHⁿ GAH-xeharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷transitive verb1stop work2stop what one is about, and depart3bring his visit to an endThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜-𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·gah-SHOHⁿ-keharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜π’Όπ’·transitive verb1break very fine2make crumble into pieces3crush into dustDorsey notes that this term "Refers to an act subsequent to that denoted by gaxuxe."cfπ’Όπ’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“Žπ“π’·π“„π’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·gah-SHOH-dseharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1raise a dust by blowing, as the wind does, or by strikingcfπ“π’°π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°gah-SHOHⁿ-thaharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜π“π’°transitive verb1knock against a vessel, causing some of its liquid contents to be spilt, without upsetting the vesselcfπ“„π’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’·gah-SHOHⁿ-theharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜π“π’·transitive verb1stop workcfπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’·1unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜-𐓍𐒷
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°gah-SHDAHtransitive verb1cut off all the grass, etc., making the surface of the ground smooth or evencfπ“„π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Ž-1π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“‡π“ˆπ’°unspec. var. ofπ“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°
π’Όπ’°π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·gah-SHOO-behgah-SHÜ-behtransitive verb1pay (a debt)2pay for (a purchase)unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜GAH-tahⁿ1that far2that (is) far enoughcfπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜gah-TAH-mahⁿtransitive verb1ring2make a ringing noise3ring like a bellunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“π’°gah-TAH-tah-thaharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“ˆ'π’°π“ˆ'𐒰𐓍𐒰transitive verb1wear a plaited whip into shreds by long usage2break up coals on fire into small pieces by frequent blowsThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“ˆπ’°π“π’°
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·gah-DAH-dseh1deep mud, such as cattle get mired innoun2sloughnoun3mire: said of horses and oxenverb4miry5boggy6marsh mirenoun
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“π’°gah-TAH-haharch. var.π’Όπ’°π“ˆ'𐒰𐓍𐒰transitive verb1make a rope come unplaited by striking or blowing it (the latter being done by the wind)2knock and object to pieces, to make it fall apartcfπ“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“ˆπ’°π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“ˆπ’°π“π’°
π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜GAH-txahⁿ1that far2awhile3that (is) far enoughcfπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·1GAH-tseh1that remote or unseen standing inanimate object or collection of inanimate objects2that subject or matterunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·1
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·2gah-TSEHtransitive verb1skim off the grease from the surface of the water in a kettleunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·KAHⁿ-dsehunspec. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜π’΅π’·noun1apple2fruit3plum
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π“Šπ’·KAHⁿ-dseh HEEⁿ-shdsehunspec. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’΅π’·noun1peachunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π“Šπ’·
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜KAHⁿ-dseh oh-LAHⁿcont. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜noun1pie of any sort (fruit, cream, etc.)place fruit into itunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓄𐒰 π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜KAHⁿ-dseh pah AH-lahⁿnoun1pearapple with a nose placed upon itunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°1π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“„π“Žπ“’π’·KAHⁿ-dseh BOO-zehnoun1dried fruitunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π“Žπ“’π’·
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷KAHⁿ-dseh SAH-behnoun1pruneunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“†π’°π“„π’·
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“π“‚π“Šπ’·KAHⁿ-dseh XOH-dsehnoun1plumcfπ“π’»π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π“‚π“Šπ’·
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓒𐒻 π“Š'𐒰𐓍𐒷KANⁿ-dseh zee ts'AH-thehnoun1lemonunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»π“Š'𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓒𐒻 π““π’»Ν˜KAHⁿ-dseh zee zheeⁿnoun1apricotunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·KAHⁿ-dseh ZHOO-dsehunspec. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π““π“Žπ’·noun1tomatored fruitunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»KAHⁿ-dseh-neenoun1fruit juicefruit waterunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»1
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·gah-TSEH-tsehtransitive verb1skim off the particles of grease from the surface of the water in a kettleThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»KAHⁿ-dseh-zeenoun1orangeunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’»Ν˜gah-DSEEⁿarch. var.π’Όπ’°π’΅π’»Ν˜1across2across an object at right angles3at right angles with
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ“Žgah-DSÜtransitive verb1wipe or scrape clean, as a child, after it has stooled: so described because a corn cob or stick is used for the purpose2scrape off, as snow, with a hoe or axe3paw away the earth or snow, as horses dounspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“Šπ“Žπ“π’·gah-DSOO-xehgah-DSÜ-xehunspec. var.π“Šπ“Žπ“π’·1transitive verb1sweep2sweep (with any object)3dust or sweep, as with a broom, but not with a brush4push litter off a floorcf𐒼𐒰𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“π’°2KAHⁿ-thahunspec. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“π’°11attacktransitive verb2charge upon an enemytransitive verb3raidtransitive verb4threatentransitive verb5rush on or attack him, her, or ittransitive verb6a menacenoun
π’Όπ’°π“π’°Ν˜π’΅π’·GAH-thahⁿ-cheh1at or to that unseen placeunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰
π’Όπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·GAH-theeⁿ-ksheh1that sitting one (animate object)2that curvilinear inanimate object3that part4that standing animate object, or that curvilinear inanimate object, at one side (but seen) or out of sight (but heard)5that one standing, the object of an action6seen, and near the speakerunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
𐒼𐒰𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻gah-THEE-sgeetransitive verb1sweep together, as wheat, etc., scattered on the ground or floorcfπ’Όπ’°π“Šπ“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻2unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3
𐒼𐒰𐓍𐓂1gah-THOHadverb1over therecfπ“‡π’·π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰
π’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜gah-THOHⁿunspec. var.𐒼𐒰𐓍𐓂21then2and then3and next4and then immediately5and right away6in or at that place or time7andThis term can be used to express numbers greater than one thousand.8an introductory and9here next tocfπ’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’·π“Šπ’»1
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰KAH-wahkah-WAHnoun1horse2ponyThis term is borrowed from the Spanish word for horse (caballo).
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π’Όπ’»π“„π’°π“π’°Ν˜KAH-wah kee-BAH-nahⁿnoun1horse raceunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π’Όπ’»π“„π’°π“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π“†π“Šπ’·π’·KAH-wah NAHⁿ-tah SDSEH-ehnoun1mulethe horse with the long earscfπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°unspec. var. ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“†π“Šπ’·π’·unspec. var. ofπ“†π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·KAH-wah wah-NOHⁿ-brehkah-WAH wah-NOHⁿ-breharch. var.𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“π’°π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π“π’·noun1oatsfood for horsesunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’»KAH-wah wah-TSEH-xeenoun1wild horse2untamed horsedifficult horseunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“Šπ’·π“π’»
𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“π“‚π“Šπ’·KAH-wah XOH-dsehunspec. var.𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 𐓐𐓂𐒷noun1gray horseunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·
π’Όπ’°π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»KAH-wah-DSEH-zheh-neenoun1beerhorse urinecf𐓁𐒻 π’°π“„π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π’°π“„π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»1
π’Όπ’°π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜KAH-wah-zheeⁿ TAHⁿ-wahⁿnoun1Bartlesville, Oklahomalittle horse townunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒰1gah-XAHtransitive verb1excel2go beyond3outrun4outstrip5outdistanceunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒰2gah-XAHnoun1limb, bough, or branch of a tree2branch of a stream3stream of water4creek or river
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷1GAH-xeh1make, fix, prepare, baketransitive verb2buildtransitive verb3make or force someone to do somethingtransitive verb4cause something to be a certain waytransitive verb5turn ontransitive verb6do, perform, engage intransitive verb7make it (in a card game)intransitive verb8maketransitive verb9dotransitive verb10acttransitive verb11behavetransitive verb12causetransitive verbcf-𐓍𐒷
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷2KAH-xehunspec. var.𐒼'𐒰𐓐𐒷noun1crow
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°KAH-xeh TAHⁿ-kahnoun1ravenbig crowunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷2π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰gah-XEE-thahtransitive verb1make fall to the ground by striking, etc.cfπ“π“Žπ“π’»π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰1
π’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜gah-XOHⁿ1break off, break by striking (a long object, such as a stick)transitive verb2be broken (when used with continuative auxiliary akxa or apa)intransitive verb3break, as a nail, ear of corn, stick, etc., by striking, without breaking it entirely in twotransitive verb4break or be broken by fallingtransitive verbcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’»π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“‚Ν˜
𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒷𐓐𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒷gah-XTHEH-xtheh-gehThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓐𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒷arch. var. of𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷arch. var. of𐒼𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷
π’Όπ’°π“π“Žπ“π’·gah-XÜ-xehtransitive verb1break, as any small or thin object, requiring little force, as a pecan nutDorsey notes that this term "Refers to the first breaking, before that denoted by gashoⁿke,"cfπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“Žπ“π’·
π’Όπ’°π“’π’°Ν˜gah-ZAHⁿtransitive verb1scold2reprimand3chastise4censure5bawl outunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°π“’π’°Ν˜ 𐓍𐒷gah-ZAHⁿ thehintransitive verb1go without fear to one or more persons who are in a bad humorThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“’π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’Όπ’°π“’π’°Ν˜π“’π’°Ν˜gah-ZAHⁿ-zahⁿtransitive verb1scold over and over2keep on scoldingThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“’π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·KAHⁿ-zehnoun1Kaw2Kansa (tribe or tribal member)3Kaw Indiancf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
𐒼𐒰𐓓𐒻gah-ZHEEtransitive verb1drive (a vehicle)2herd (animals)3make or force someone to do something4command someone to do something5blow with force (as in blowing one's nose)unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
𐒼𐒷1kehnoun1turtle2tortoise3terrapinDorsey notes that this is "the generic name of the tortoises or turtles."
𐒼𐒷2geh1positional article for dispersed, scattered, or randomly located entities (modifies noun or noun phrase)2the scattered inanimate objectscf𐒼𐓇𐒷𐓄𐒰4𐓄𐒷1π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
𐒼'𐒷k'ehtransitive verb1dig2dig upcf𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐒼𐒷𐒼𐓍𐒷𐓒𐒷keh-GTHEH-zehunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒷1𐒼𐓍𐒷𐓒𐒷arch. var. of𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷arch. var. of𐒼𐒷𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒷1𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
𐒼𐒷𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷keh-LEH-zheharch. var.𐒼𐒷𐒼𐓍𐒷𐓒𐒷noun1box turtlestriped turtleunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒷1𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
𐒼𐒷𐓁𐒰GEH-nah1the inanimate objects which were scattered thenunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒷2-𐓁𐒰
𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷GEH-behadjective1notched (in one place)cf𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷
π’Όπ’·π“‡π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°keh-SHDOHⁿ-kaharch. var.π’Όπ’·π“‡π“ˆπ“ŽΝ˜π’Όπ’°noun1soft-shelled turtlesoft turtleDorsey notes that this is "the soft-shelled turtle, which stays on sand-bars."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒷1π“‡π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ’°π“π’·keh-DAH-xehnoun1shadow
𐒼𐒷𐓍𐓂KEH-thohnoun1clear sky, as after a storm
𐒼𐒻geepost1in2into3at4on5to something plural or multipleDorsey describes this suffix as "a terminal adverb of position."
𐒼'π’»Ν˜k'eeⁿtransitive verb1carry2carry on the back3carry a load on the back
π’Όπ’»π’·π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°KEE-eh-DOH-bahunspec. var.π’Όπ’»π“π’·π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°arch. var.π’Όπ’»π’Όπ“π’·π“ˆπ“Žπ“„π’°π’Όπ’»π“π’·π“ˆπ“Žπ“„π’°adjective1eightagain fourunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’»π’Όπ“π’·π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°1
π’Όπ’»π’·π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’»Ν˜KEE-eh-DOH-beeⁿarch. var.π’Όπ’»π’Όπ“π’·π“ˆπ“Žπ“„π’»Ν˜adverb1eight timesunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’»π’·π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’»π’Όπ“π’·π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°1-π’»Ν˜
𐒼𐒻𐒹𐒰𐓒𐒷GEE-hah-zehtransitive verb1flee from a person, etc.2shun3avoid4evadeunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1𐒹𐒰𐓒𐒷
𐒼𐒻𐒹𐒻𐒼𐒷GEE-hee-gehtransitive verb1be chief for or over a people2be chief of a tribecfπ’Όπ’»π“π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π“π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒻𐒼𐒷
𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷gee-GAH-xehtransitive verb1repair2mend3vamp4make an object over or anewcf𐒼𐓇𐒻𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-2𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷1
𐒼𐒻𐒼'π’»Ν˜gee-k'EEⁿtransitive verb1carry his own on his backunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1𐒼'π’»Ν˜
π’Όπ’»π’Όπ’»Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜KEE-keeⁿ-neeⁿadjective1curly2kinky3tangledQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 68) that this term is "borrowed from English kinky."
𐒼𐒻𐒼𐓍𐒷KEE-gtheh1again
𐒼𐒻𐒼'π“ŽGEE-k'uutransitive verb1give back an object to the owner2give backunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-2𐒼'π“Ž
𐒼𐒻𐒿𐒻𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻kee-LEE-thee-sgeetransitive verb1assemble themselvesIf kig- (or its variant kug-) is used with a BRUSH verb to express "self" (reflexive), a g- before the th emerges, forming gth, which has become an L in modern Osage. For example, ki- (reflexive) + thuzha (wash) becomes kiluzha. If kig- (or its variant kug-) is used with a BRUSH verb to express "each other" (reciprocal), it is simply added to the verb with no further additions or changes beyond any necessary conjugations. In either case, when this kig- (kug-) this term is no longer treated as a BRUSH verb, but is now conjugated as an ATHA verb.unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2𐓍𐒻𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻2
π’Όπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’· π“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜kee-LOHⁿ-xeh MAHⁿ-theeⁿarch. var.π’Όπ’»π’Όπ“π“ŽΝ˜π“π’· π“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜noun1beecfπ“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓒𐒻 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜
π’Όπ’»π’Ώπ“Žπ“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷kee-LÜ-ts'ah-geharch. var.π’Όπ“Žπ’Όπ“π“Žπ“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷transitive verb1fail in doing, making, or completing anything for himself, as for want of time, or because the object is too heavy to be lifted, pulled, etc.If kig- (or its variant kug-) is used with a BRUSH verb to express "self" (reflexive), a g- before the th emerges, forming gth, which has become an L in modern Osage. For example, ki- (reflexive) + thuzha (wash) becomes kiluzha. If kig- (or its variant kug-) is used with a BRUSH verb to express "each other" (reciprocal), it is simply added to the verb with no further additions or changes beyond any necessary conjugations. In either case, when this kig- (kug-) this term is no longer treated as a BRUSH verb, but is now conjugated as an ATHA verb.unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π“π“Žπ“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷
π’Όπ’»π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜kee-MAHⁿ-hahⁿadverb1against the wind, stream, or current2upstream
π’Όπ’»π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜ 𐓂𐒼𐒰𐒿𐒷kee-MAHⁿ-hahⁿ oh-GAH-leharch. var.π’Όπ’»π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜ π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“π“π’·1facing the wind, etc.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’»π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‚π’Όπ’°π’Ώπ’·
π’Όπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π’Ό'π“‚Ν˜gee-NAHⁿ-k'ohⁿGEE-nahⁿ-k'ohⁿunspec. var.𐒼𐒻𐓁𐒰𐒼'π“‚Ν˜arch. var.𐒼𐒻𐓁𐒰𐒼'π“ŽΝ˜transitive verb1hear about his or her own2hear something about someone or something belonging to or connected with oneselfunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π“π’°Ν˜π’Ό'π“‚Ν˜
π’Όπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’°gee-NAHⁿ-xeh-sgahunspec. var.π’Όπ’»π“π’°π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’»π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’°verb1come back to consciousness2regain consciousnessunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-2π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·2𐓆𐒼𐒰3
π’Όπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’° 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷gee-NAHⁿ-xeh-sgah GAH-xehunspec. var.π’Όπ’»π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’° 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷transitive verb1reviveThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-2π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
𐒼𐒻𐓁𐒻1gee-NEEunspec. var.𐒼𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒷intransitive verb1recover from sickness2revive from unconsciousness3heal4recuperate5recover from illnessbe alive anewunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-2𐓁𐒻4
𐒼𐒻𐓁𐒻2GEE-neegee-NEEunspec. var.𐒼𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒷transitive verb1live for one2live for another or others3have a kinsman or friend aliveDorsey notes that this term is the opposite of gits'e.cfπ’Όπ’»π“Š'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π“Š'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1𐓁𐒻4
𐒼𐒻𐓁𐒻 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷gee-NEE GAH-xehtransitive verb1heal2restore to healthmake to recoverThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐓁𐒻1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-2𐓁𐒻4𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷1
π’Όπ’»π“„π’°Ν˜GEE-bahⁿtransitive verb1call or halloo to anotherunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π“„π’°Ν˜
π’Όπ’»π“„π’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’·kee-BAH-hloh-dseharch. var.π’Όπ’»π“„π’°π“π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1cast his own skinπ“π’·π“Š'𐒰 π’Όπ’»π“„π’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’» 𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰 𐓂The snake casts his own skin (is doing it).unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π“„π’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’·
π’Όπ’»π“„π’°π“π’°Ν˜kee-BAH-nahⁿ1racenoun2run in a competitionnoun3run a raceintransitive verbThis term has the reflexive ki- built into it.unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
π’Όπ’»π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜kee-BAH-dahⁿtransitive verb1push himself along2push off the boat in which he is, by pushing with his feet or an oar, against the bank or shoreunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒷GEE-sehtransitive verb1cut wood, etc., for anotherunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*𐓆𐒷
π’Όπ’»π“†π“ˆπ’°kee-SDAHnoun1leech
π’Όπ’»π“†π“ˆπ“‚gee-SDOHarch. var.π’Όπ’»π“†π“ˆπ“Žintransitive verb1assemble (as for a council)2assemble in council3gather for council4meet and talk things over
π’Όπ’»π“†π“Žπ“π’·gee-SOO-thehunspec. var.π’Όπ’»π“†π“Žπ’·π’Όπ“Žπ“†π“Žπ’·π’Όπ“Žπ“†π“Žπ“π’·transitive verb1remember
π’Όπ’»π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·1GEE-shoo-behGEE-shΓΌ-behgee-SHÜ-behtransitive verb1pay someone2pay for someone3pay a personunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π’Όπ’°π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’»π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·2GEE-shoo-behGEE-shΓΌ-behunspec. var.𐒼𐒻𐓇𐒻𐓄𐒷transitive verb1pay back2repay3reimburse4pay a debtunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-2π’Όπ’°π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜GEE-doh-dahⁿunspec. var.π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜arch. var.π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜transitive verb1make war against2go on the warpath against the enemy3invadeunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π’Όπ’»π“Šπ’·GEE-dsehOnomatope1squeak
π’Όπ’»π“Š'𐒷GEE-ts'ehtransitive verb1lose his kinsman, etc., by deathcf𐒼𐒻𐓁𐒻2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1𐓁𐒻4unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π“Š'𐒷
π’Όπ’»π“Šπ“ŽGEE-dsΓΌtransitive verb1wipe or scrape clean for anotherunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π’Όπ’°π“Šπ“Žunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
𐒼𐒻𐓍𐒰𐒹𐒰KEE-thah-hahadverb1apart2separate3separation4moving in opposite directions
𐒼𐒻𐓍𐒷kee-THEHadverb1beside each otherunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
π’Όπ’»π“π’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ’»Ν˜GEE-wah-hleeⁿunspec. var.π’Όπ’»π“π’°π’Ώπ’»π’Όπ’»π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜arch. var.𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒻1stingy2refuse to spare his property to another3stingy or selfish with, reluctant to share something of one's own because of valuing it so highly4value, prize, or treasure something5value highly some particular propertyunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1𐓏𐒰𐒿𐒻2
𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒹𐒿𐒻𐓓𐒻GEE-wah-hlee-zheearch. var.𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒻𐓓𐒻1generous2liberal3share his property to anotherThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’»π“π’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1𐓏𐒰𐒿𐒻2𐒰𐓓𐒻
π’Όπ’»π“π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°GEE-wah-tahⁿ-kahunspec. var.π“π’°π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°transitive verb1be a chief over them2act as chief for another tribecf𐒼𐒻𐒹𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π“π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒼𐒻𐓒𐓂GEE-zoh1happyintransitive verb2feel enjoymentintransitive verb3have funintransitive verb4have a good timeintransitive verb5enjoytransitive verb6liketransitive verb7happy or glad about somethingtransitive verbEven though English classifies the idea of "happy" as an adjective, Osage handles this differently by this word working as both a transitive and intrasitive verb. For example, being happy in general is intransitive (e.g. "I am happy"), and being happy about something is transitive (e.g. "I am happy about it").
𐒼'𐓂k'ohnoun1hole
𐒼'π“‚Ν˜k'ohⁿ1playtransitive verb2gambleintransitive verbcfπ“‡π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·
π’Όπ“‚Ν˜ π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°GOHⁿ ZHEEⁿ-kaharch. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°transitive verb1not to know how to make or do anything correctly2failure to do a thing for lack of skill3unskilled4be unskilled (at)5not know how (to)
π’Όπ“‚π’΄π’»Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’°GOH-breeⁿ-breeⁿ-aharch. var.π’Όπ“Žπ“„π“π’»Ν˜π“„π“π’»Ν˜π’°1staggering
π’Όπ“‚π’΄π’»Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’° 𐓍𐒷GOH-breeⁿ-breeⁿ-ah theharch. var.π’Όπ“Žπ“„π“π’»Ν˜π“„π“π’»Ν˜π’° 𐓍𐒷intransitive verb1go staggeringThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‚π’΄π’»Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’°π’°π“π’·
π’Όπ“‚π’΄π’»Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’° 𐓍𐒷 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷GOH-breeⁿ-breeⁿ-ah the GAH-xehtransitive verb1make one go staggering by pushingThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‚π’΄π’»Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’° 𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‚π’΄π’»Ν˜π’΄π’»Ν˜π’°π’°π“π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ’°KOHⁿ-hahunspec. var.π’Όπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°noun1edge2border or edge of an object
𐒼'π“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ’·k'OHⁿ-hehtransitive verb1lay into
𐒼𐓂𐒼𐒰 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°KOH-kah TAHⁿ-kaharch. var.π’Όπ“Žπ’Όπ’° π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°noun1marbled godwitDorsey notes that this is "the archaic name for the t'iⁿ zhihi."cfπ“ˆπ’² 𐓓𐒻𐒹𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’²π““π’»π’Ήπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒼𐓂𐒼𐒷KOH-geharch. var.π’Όπ“Žπ’Όπ’·Onomatope1thud2sound of a drum when beaten3sound produced by striking a drum4sound of something soft and heavy falling to the groundcfπ“„π“π“‚π’Όπ’·π“†π“‚π“π’·π“Šπ’»π““π’·2
𐒼𐓂𐒼𐓂𐓀𐒰koh-KOH-mahnoun1cucumber2pickleQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 71) that this term is "possibly borrowed from English cucumber."
𐒼𐓂𐒼𐓂𐓆𐒰KOH-koh-sahkoh-KOH-sahunspec. var.𐒼𐓂𐓂𐓆𐒰arch. var.𐒼'π“Žπ’Ό'π“Žπ“†π’°noun1pig2hog3shoat4porkQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 72) that this term is "possibly borrowed from French cochon."
𐒼𐓂𐒼𐓂𐓆𐒰 π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜koh-KOH-sah EH-gohⁿadjective1hoggishunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‚π’Όπ“‚π“†π’°π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
𐒼𐓂𐒼𐓂𐓆𐒰 π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°KOH-koh-sah MEEⁿ-kahunspec. var.𐒼𐓂𐓂𐓆𐒰 π“€π’»Ν˜π’°arch. var.𐒼'π“Žπ’Ό'π“Žπ“†π’° π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°noun1sowunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‚π’Όπ“‚π“†π’°π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°1
𐒼𐓂𐒼𐓂𐓆𐒰 𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻koh-KOH-sah WEH-leenoun1lard2pork fatcf𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐓂𐒼𐓂𐓆𐒰𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻
π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·kohⁿ-BEHnoun1hackberryCeltis occidentalis2hackberriesCeltis occidentalis
π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’· π’Ήπ“Žgohⁿ-BEH hΓΌnoun1hackberry treeCeltis occidentalisunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·π’Ήπ“Ž1
𐒼'π“‚Ν˜π“†π“Žk'OHⁿ-soounspec. var.𐒼'π“‚Ν˜π“†π’·noun1dice2Osage dice
π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°goh-DAHadverb1farther over there2beyond3on the other side of something4aheadcfπ“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°2
π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°goh-DAH-hahadverb1to/from farther away (in space)2farther back, farther ahead (in time or space)3beyond4the next to last5the one before last6the one after next7the one past the next8go away9departunspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°2
π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜GOH-dah-txahⁿarch. var.π’Όπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜1that standing animate object, in sight, which is beyond a certain point or placeDorsey notes that, "The correlative of godatxaⁿ is dodatxaⁿ."cfπ“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°2π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
𐒼𐓂𐓍𐒰KOH-thaharch. var.𐒼'π“Žπ“π’°noun1friendThis kinship/relationship term is uninflected (i.e., not conjugated), but instead uses the stand-alone possessive pronouns wita (my), thita (your), etc.
π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“π’°GOHⁿ-thahtransitive verb1want2desire3wish for4prefer
π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·1GOHⁿ-zehtransitive verb1teach something to someone2show someone how to do something
π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·2gohⁿ-ZEHarch. var.π’Όπ“ŽΝ˜π“’π’·verb1pretend2make believe3feign
𐒼𐓂𐓓𐒻KOH-zheearch. var.π’Όπ“Žπ““π’»adverb1a great distance
𐒼𐓇𐒷ksheh1the reclining animate object2the (dead body)3the long inanimate object4the long rectilinear collection, as a forestcf𐒼𐒷2𐓄𐒰4𐓄𐒷1π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
π’Όπ“‡π’·π“Šπ’»KSHEH-dsee1at, by, in, or on the horizontal inanimate object2at, by, or on the reclining or dead animate objectcfπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’·π“Šπ’»2π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π’·π“Šπ’»2unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‡π’·π’·π“Šπ’»2
𐒼𐓇𐒻𐒿𐒷kshee-LEHarch. var.𐒼𐓇𐒻𐒼𐓍𐒷intransitive verb1have gone back2have come and goneThis term is composed of two motion verbs. When it is conjugated, it is conjugated as one verb.unspec. comp. form of𐒰𐒼𐓇𐒻𐒰𐒿𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’Όπ“‡π’»π“‚Ν˜π“’π’·KSHEE-ohⁿ-zehtransitive verb1teach anothercf𐒼𐓇𐒻𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·1
𐒼𐓇𐒻𐓐𐒷KSHEE-xehtransitive verb1make or do something to or for anothercf𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-2𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷1π’Όπ“‡π’»π“‚Ν˜π“’π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻-1𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷1
𐒼𐓇𐒻𐓒𐒻𐓒𐒻KSHEE-zee-ZEEnoun1a bird which keeps on the ground, i.e., does not sit in trees
π’Όπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°KSHOHⁿ-kahfr. var.π’Όπ“‡π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°noun1son (second)2one of the ordinal birth-names of the second soncfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’°π’Όπ’·π’Όπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜
𐒼'π“Žk'ook'ΓΌtransitive verb1give2give away an object3pass something to someone (e.g., at the table)
𐒼'π“Žπ’·k'OO-ehunspec. var.𐒼'𐒻𐒷intransitive verb1scratch an itch
π’Όπ“Žπ“Šπ’·KOO-dseh1shoottransitive verb2fire a gunintransitive verb3shoot a bow and arrowintransitive verb4shoot someonetransitive verb5shoot at someonetransitive verb
𐒼𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒷KXAH-gehnoun1son (third and beyond)cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜
𐒼𐓐𐒰𐓄𐒱kxah-PAH-eeunspec. var.π’Όπ“π’°π“„π’°Ν˜noun1son (baby, of a female)2brother (baby, of a female) (said to be used by a woman to refer to her youngest brother or to her youngest son if she has at least two older sons)3brother (baby, of a female) (my)4brother (baby, of a female) (your)5brother (baby, of a female) (her)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 129) that this term is used by a female speaker to refer to "her youngest son if she has at least two older sons."
π’Όπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜KXAH-zheeⁿnoun1son (third and beyond)cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“π’°π’Όπ’·
𐒿
π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·LAHⁿ-keharch. var.π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·transitive verb1take a wife
π’Ώπ’°π“„π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·HominyLAH-pxahⁿ-kehunspec. var.𐒿𐒰𐓄𐓐𐒲𐒼𐒷arch. var.π’Όπ“π’°π“„π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·noun1mosquitocfπ’΄π’°π“„π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π’Ώπ’°π“Šπ’·LAH-tseharch. var.π’Όπ“π’°π“Šπ’·π’Ώπ’°π’΅π’·transitive verb1eat his or her ownunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π“π’°π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
𐒿𐒰𐓍𐒰LAH-thahlah-THAHarch. var.𐒼𐓍𐒰𐓍𐒰1unbraided2unwoven3unbraid or untie4become raveled as a braided or plaited lariatcfπ“ˆπ’°π“π’°
π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’·LAHⁿ-theharch. var.π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·adjective1broad2wide
π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’· π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ 𐓇𐒼𐓂𐓄𐒷LAHⁿ-theh heeⁿ SHGOH-beharch. var.π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’· π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π“‡π’Όπ“Žπ“„π’·noun1"the broad insect with thick hair," a mythical character, supposed to be as large as a buffalo bull, and styled the chief or king of the land insects and wormsunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’·π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2𐓇𐒼𐓂𐓄𐒷
π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’·π’Ήπ’°LAHⁿ-theh-haharch. var.π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π’Ήπ’°1extending of a broad or wide tractunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’·π’Ήπ’°2
π’Ώπ’°π“π“Žπ“π’·LAH-xΓΌ-xeharch. var.π’Όπ“π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·transitive verb1crush his own (crawfish, etc.) by bitingunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π“π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“π’·
π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜LEH-brahⁿunspec. var.𐒿𐒷𐒴𐒰arch. var.π’Όπ“π’·π“„π“π’°Ν˜adjective1ten2tenth
π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜ π’Ήπ“Žπ““π’»Ν˜LEH-brahⁿ hoo-ZHEEⁿLEH-brahⁿ hΓΌ-ZHEEⁿarch. var.π’Όπ“π’·π“„π“π’°Ν˜ π’Ήπ“Žπ““π’»Ν˜π’°adjective1hundred2hundredth3one hundredunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜
π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜ π’Όπ’»π’·π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°LEH-brahⁿ KEE-eh-DOH-baharch. var.π’Όπ“π’·π“„π“π’°Ν˜ π’Όπ’»π’Όπ“π’·π“ˆπ“Žπ“„π’°adjective1eighty2eightiethunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’»π’·π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’»π’Όπ“π’·π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°1
π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜ π“„π’·π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°LEH-brahⁿ PEH-thohⁿ-baharch. var.π’Όπ“π’·π“„π“π’°Ν˜ π“„π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“„π’°1seventyunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜π“„π’·π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°
π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜ π“†π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜LEH-brahⁿ SAH-tahⁿarch. var.π’Όπ“π’·π“„π“π’°Ν˜ π“†π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1fiftyunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜π“†π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜ 𐓇𐒰𐓄𐒷LEH-brahⁿ SHAH-peharch. var.π’Όπ“π’·π“„π“π’°Ν˜ 𐓇𐒰𐓄𐒷adjective1sixtyunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π“„π’·2
π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°LEH-brahⁿ DOH-baharch. var.π’Όπ“π’·π“„π“π’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ“Žπ“„π’°1fortyunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°1
π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜ π“Šπ’· π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·LEH-brahⁿ tseh WEEⁿ-kehcont. var.π“Šπ’·π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·adjective1nine2ninthunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1π“π’»Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·1
π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜ π“π’°π’΄π’»Ν˜LEH-brahⁿ THAH-breeⁿarch. var.π’Όπ“π’·π“„π“π’°Ν˜ π“π’°π“„π“π’»Ν˜adjective1thirtyunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜π“π’°π’΄π’»Ν˜1
π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜ π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°LEH-brahⁿ thohⁿ-BAHLEH-brahⁿ THOHⁿ-bahunspec. var.π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜ π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°arch. var.π’Όπ“π’·π“„π“π’°Ν˜ π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’°adjective1twenty2twentiethunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°
π’Ώπ’·π’΄π’»Ν˜LEH-breeⁿ1ten timesunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’·π’΄π’°Ν˜-π’»Ν˜
𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷LEH-gehunspec. var.𐒹𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷arch. var.𐓐𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒷intransitive verb1shattercfπ“π“‚Ν˜
𐒿𐒷𐓄𐒷LEH-behintransitive verb1vomit
π’Ώπ’·π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜leh-DOHⁿarch. var.π’Όπ“π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜noun1hawk2hen hawkcfπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’°π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π’Ώπ’·π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜ π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°leh-DOHⁿ ZHEEⁿ-kaharch. var.π’Όπ“π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°noun1sparrowhawkunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ’·π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒰𐓒𐒰leh-ZAH-zahadjective1striped here and thereThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷LEH-zeharch. var.𐒼𐓍𐒷𐓒𐒷adjective1striped2lined (having lines)cf𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷
𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷LEH-zheharch. var.𐒼𐓍𐒷𐓓𐒷adjective1spotted2speckled3stippledcf𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
π’Ώπ’»Ν˜leeⁿarch. var.π’Όπ“π’»Ν˜intransitive verb1sit
π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‚leeⁿ-GOHarch. var.π“π“π’»π’Όπ“Ž1gravynoun2mixed, as bread with meatadjective
𐒿𐒻𐒿𐒷lee-LEHarch. var.𐒼𐓍𐒻𐒼𐓍𐒷verb1pass by a place, on the way back or homeward2pass to any place in his own lodgeEven though this is a combination of two verbs, it is only conjugated as one verb.unspec. comp. form of𐒰𐒿𐒻𐒰𐒿𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1𐒰𐓍𐒷
π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜2lohⁿunspec. var.π’Ώπ’°Ν˜arch. var.π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜11call one bad namestransitive verb2call someone a bad nametransitive verb3reviletransitive verb4revile someonetransitive verb5"blast" someone in an argumenttransitive verb6cursetransitive verb7say bad words, curseintransitive verb8sulk, be angry, mutter in complaintintransitive verb
π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜3lohⁿarch. var.π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜2π’Όπ“π“ŽΝ˜noun1thunderbird2thunder-birds, etc.3the thunder deity4the thunder-god
π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜lohⁿ HOH-tahⁿarch. var.π’Όπ“π“ŽΝ˜ π’Ήπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜noun1thunderthe thunderbird roarscfπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ 𐓏𐒰𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒿𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜3𐓏𐒰-3π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜3π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ 𐓏𐒰𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒿𐒻lohⁿ wah-GAH-hleearch. var.π’Όπ“π“ŽΝ˜ 𐓏𐒰𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒻noun1thunderthe thunder-bird or deity that kills by strikingcfπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜3π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜3𐓏𐒰-3𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒿𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜LOHⁿ-hohⁿunspec. var.π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜1noun1thundercfπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜3π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜ 𐓏𐒰𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒿𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜3𐓏𐒰-3𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒿𐒻
π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°LOHⁿ-paharch. var.π’Όπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Όπ“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’°noun1cherry2common cherry
π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜LOHⁿ-theeⁿunspec. var.π’Όπ“π“ŽΝ˜π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’·π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»π’Ώπ“ƒarch. var.π’Όπ“π“ŽΝ˜π“π’»Ν˜adjective1drunk2inebriated3intoxicated4foolish, silly, beside himself with anger, etc.
π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π“„π“ŽlΓΌ-SHPÜarch. var.π’Όπ“π“Žπ“‡π“„π“Žtransitive verb1shell her own dried corn with the handunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π“π“Žπ“‡π“„π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π’Ώπ“Žπ“π’»Ν˜LOO-weeⁿtransitive verb1buy something of one's own (buy back)2buy for one's own (people, family)unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π“π“Žπ“π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π’Ώπ“Žπ“’π’·LÜ-zeharch. var.π’Όπ“π“Žπ“’π’·transitive verb1get, take, or take away one's own2take his ownunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π“π“Žπ“’π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π’Ώπ“Žπ““π’°LOO-zhaharch. var.π’Όπ“π“Žπ““π’°transitive verb1wash one's own (body parts or possessions)2wash his or her ownunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π“π“Žπ““π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
𐓀
π“€π’°Ν˜1mahⁿnoun1related to the ground or the earthcfπ“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜
π“€π’°Ν˜2mahⁿunspec. var.π“€π“‚Ν˜2noun1arrow2staff used at peyote meetings
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜1mahⁿ-HEEⁿunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»1noun1grass2hay
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2MAHⁿ-heeⁿunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»2noun1knife
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷mahⁿ-HEEⁿ gah-SEHunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’» 𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷verb1cut the grassThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ 𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜1𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷1unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜1𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*𐓆𐒷
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ 𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷mahⁿ-HEEⁿ bah-SEHunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’» 𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷transitive verb1cut the grassThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜1𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜1𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓆𐒷
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π“„π’°π“†π“ŽMAHⁿ-heeⁿ pah-SOOMAHⁿ-heeⁿ pah-SÜnoun1knife pointunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2π“„π’°π“†π“Ž1
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚mahⁿ-HEEⁿ TOH-hohunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’» π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚adjective1greenblue/green grassThe term toho historically could refer to blue or green. In modern Osage, this term is used to specify green.cfπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜mahⁿ-HEEⁿ TOH-hoh EH-gohⁿadjective1greenlike blue/green grassThe term toho historically could refer to blue or green. In modern Osage, this term is used to specify green.cfπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“„π’°mahⁿ-HEEⁿ-pahnoun1ragweedbitter grassunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜1𐓄𐒰2
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π“„π’·MAHⁿ-heeⁿ-spehunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»π“†π“„π’·noun1axe2spade (e.g., for gardening)3spades (suit in a deck of cards)cfπ’Ήπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜π“†π’»π“„π’°π’Ήπ’»1𐓄𐒷 π“π’°π’Ήπ’°π“Š'𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’·π’°π““π’»π“Šπ“Žπ’Όπ’·π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π“„π’·π““π’»Ν˜MAHⁿ-heeⁿ-speh-zheeⁿnoun1hatchetunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜MAHⁿ-heeⁿ-TAHⁿunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°noun1superintendant (as of the Osage Agency)2officer or other white person of rank3the government4white person (archaic or rare)big knifeunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1mahⁿ-KAHunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°Ν˜noun1medicine2aspirin, or any other kind of medicine3peyote
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°2MAHⁿ-kahunspec. var.π“€π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°noun1skunk
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° π’°π“π’»Ν˜mahⁿ-KAH ah-THEEⁿunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π’°π“π’»Ν˜noun1pharmacist2druggist3one who has medicineunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1π’°π“π’»Ν˜1
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓂𐓍𐒻𐒼'𐒷mahⁿ-KAH oh-THEE-k'ehunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°Ν˜ 𐓂𐓍𐒻𐒼'𐒷transitive verb1administer a shot or innoculationThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓂𐓍𐒻𐒼'𐒷
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓄𐒻𐓓𐒻mahⁿ-KAH PEE-zheeunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°Ν˜ 𐓄𐒻𐓓𐒻noun1poison2bad medicineunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓄𐒻𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻mahⁿ-KAH sah-GEEnoun1gayfeatherLiatris punctata2dotted gayfeatherLiatris punctata3Kansas gayfeatherLiatris punctata4blazing starLiatris punctata5dotted button-snake-rootLiatris punctata6starworthard/strong medicineQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 139) that the "roots were stored to be used for their sweetness."unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷mahⁿ-KAH SAH-behunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’±π“€π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’±noun1coffeeblack medicineunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷mahⁿ-KAH XOH-behnoun1sacred medicine2peyote, as used in a peyote meetingunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“„π’°mahⁿ-KAH-pahunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“„π’°noun1pepperbitter medicineunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓄𐒰2
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“„π’° 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷mahⁿ-KAH-pah SAH-behnoun1black pepperblack bitter medicineunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“„π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓄𐒰2𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“„π’° π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·mahⁿ-KAH-pah ZHOO-dsehunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“„π’° π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·noun1red pepperunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“„π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓄𐒰2π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’±mahⁿ-KAH-sah-eeunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. var. ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’°π“Šπ’·mahⁿ-KAH-thah-TSEHunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’°π“Šπ’·π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“Šπ’·noun1Native American Church meeting2peyote meetingeat medicineunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1π“π’°π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·MAHⁿ-kehunspec. var.π“€π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·noun1chest
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“„π“Žπ“’π’·MAHⁿ-keh BOO-zehnoun1tuberculosis2consumptionunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“„π“Žπ“’π’·
π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’·MAHⁿ-lehadverb1down
π“€π’°Ν˜π“„π’»π““π’»MAHⁿ-pee-zheenoun1worthless thing2something of no value3bad weather4bad shaft of an arrowbad arrowunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜2𐓄𐒻𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“€π’°Ν˜π“†π’°π“†π’·MAHⁿ-sah-sehunspec. var.π“€π“‚Ν˜π“†π’°π“†π’·noun1sauerkrautarrow cuttingsunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜2𐓆𐒰𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of*𐓆𐒷
π“€π’°Ν˜π“†π’»Ν˜π’Ήπ’°mahⁿ-SEEⁿ-hahadverb1to or on the other side2opposite
π“€π’°Ν˜π“†π“ˆπ“‚π“†π“ˆπ“‚mahⁿ-SDOH-sdoh1mudnoun2muddyadjective𐓂𐓓𐒰˙𐒼𐒷 𐒼𐓇𐒷 π“€π’°Λ™π“†π“ˆπ“‚π“†π“ˆπ“‚.The road is muddy.This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜1
π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’°Ν˜MAHⁿ-shahⁿmahⁿ-SHAHⁿunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“€π“‚Ν˜π“‡π“‚Ν˜noun1feather2feathers of certain kinds of birds (such as eagle, hawk, and macaw)3fan made of feathers or loose feathers (as used in peyote meetings)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 140) that this term is "not used for more ordinary feathers such as chicken feathers."
π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’°Ν˜ π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·MAHⁿ-shahⁿ oh-THEEⁿ-kehunspec. var.π“€π“‚Ν˜π“‡π“‚Ν˜ π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·1voteintransitive verb2vote fortransitive verb3endorse, as a checktransitive verbgrasp the featherThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’°Ν˜π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»MAHⁿ-sheeunspec. var.𐓀𐒰𐓇𐒻1up above2the arch of heaven3zenith4be upward or upright
𐓀𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒰mah-SHKAHnoun1crawfish
π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π“Šπ’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°mahⁿ-SHDSEEⁿ-kahMAHⁿ-shdseeⁿ-kahnoun1rabbit2hare
π“€π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·mahⁿ-TSEHadverb1in the center of something (centrally located)2within3underneath
π“€π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“ˆπ’°mahⁿ-TSEH-dah1inside2within3interior of anythingunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“ˆπ’°4
π“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜mahⁿ-THEEⁿunspec. var.π“€π’²π“€π’·π“€π’·π’»Ν˜π“€π’·Ν˜π’»Ν˜intransitive verb1walk2go by walking3go by foot4go awayThis term takes on this context when used as a command.5go6go on7get moving8go aheadThe context for this sense is "Go ahead (and do it)."9approach, move in closer10stay𐓆𐒷 𐓀𐒰˙𐓍𐒻˙.Stay where you are.11act or live a certain way12go around a certain way
π“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷mahⁿ-THEEⁿ GAH-xehtransitive verb1herd2driveThis term refers to driving animals, not vehicles.force to walkThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π“€π’°Ν˜π“π“‚Ν˜mahⁿ-THOHⁿunspec. var.π“€π“‚Ν˜1transitive verb1steal2rapeOn this term, the second syllable is conjugated as a BRUSH verb for first-person singular and second-person verbs. Other conjugations are conjugated as standard ATHA verbs on the entire term.
π“€π’°Ν˜π“π’·MAHⁿ-xehunspec. var.π“€π“‚Ν˜π“π’·noun1sky2weather3the upper world
π“€π’°Ν˜π“π“„π“ŽMAHⁿ-xpoounspec. var.π“€π“‚Ν˜π“π“„π“Ž1cloudnoun2cloudyadjective
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·MAHⁿ-zehnoun1metal of any kind2lead or iron (metal)3wire4cable
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’· π’»Ν˜π“‡π“ˆπ“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜MAHⁿ-zeh eeⁿ-SHDOH-lahⁿnoun1glasses2eyeglasses3spectacles4lorgnette5any device worn over the eye or eyesmetal to place on the eyesunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»Ν˜π“‡π“ˆπ’°π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’· π’»Ν˜π“‡π“ˆπ“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜ 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷MAHⁿ-zeh eeⁿ-SHDOH-lahⁿ SAH-behnoun1sunglassesblack metal to place on the eyesunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’· π’»Ν˜π“‡π“ˆπ“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»Ν˜π“‡π“ˆπ’°π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“†π’°π“„π’·
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’· 𐓁𐒻 π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’· 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷MAHⁿ-zeh nee DAH-kah-dseh GAH-xehnoun1hot water heatermetal for making water hotunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“π’»1π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’· π“Šπ“Žπ’Όπ’·MAHⁿ-zeh TSOO-gehnoun1metal spoonunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“Šπ“Žπ’Όπ’·
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’· π“π’·π“„π’°π“Šπ’·MAHⁿ-zeh WEH-bah-tsehnoun1sewing machinemetal with which to sew stuffunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“π’·-unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐒻-1π“„π’°π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»π’·MAHⁿ-zeh-EE-ehnoun1radio2recording device3tape recorder4tape player5phone6phone call(something) metal (that) talksunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»π’·
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»π’· 𐒹𐒻𐓍𐒷MAHⁿ-zeh-EE-eh HEE-thehverb1make a call by phonecause a phone call to arrive thereThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»π’·π’°π’Ήπ’»-𐓍𐒷
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»π’· 𐓂𐒼𐒻𐒷MAHⁿ-zeh-EE-eh oh-KEE-eh1converse by phoneintransitive verb2talk on the phoneintransitive verb3conversation by phonenoun4phone callnounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»π’·π“‚π’Όπ’»π’·1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»π’· 𐓂𐒼𐒻𐒷 𐒹𐒻𐓍𐒷MAHⁿ-zeh-EE-eh oh-KEE-eh HEE-thehintransitive verb1make an outgoing phone call2call someone to converse on the phonecause a phone call to arrive thereThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»π’· 𐓂𐒼𐒻𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’»π’·π“‚π’Όπ’»π’·1𐒰𐒹𐒻-𐓍𐒷
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’Ό'π’°Ν˜π“†π’°π’Όπ’»MAHⁿ-zeh-k'AHⁿ-sah-geenoun1telegraph2telegraph wire3message sent by wirefast metalunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π’Ό'π’°Ν˜π“†π’°π’Όπ’»
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“†π’Όπ’°MAHⁿ-zeh-sgahunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“†π’Όπ’·noun1money2coin3silverwhite metalunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“†π’Όπ’°1
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“†π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’»MAHⁿ-zeh-skah-tseenoun1bankunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“†π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“†π’Όπ’°1π“Šπ’»1
π“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“†π’Όπ’·MAHⁿ-zeh-sgehunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“†π’Όπ’°1unspec. var. ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“†π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“†π’Όπ’°1
π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜mahⁿ-ZHAHⁿMAHⁿ-zhahⁿunspec. var.π“€π“‚Ν˜π““π“‚Ν˜noun1earth2world3land4country5countryside6farm7allotmentcfπ“€π’°Ν˜1
π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜ π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜mahⁿ-ZHAHⁿ shkahⁿnoun1earthquakeearth moveunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜
π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜ π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜MAHⁿ-zhahⁿ THAH-leeⁿnoun1heavencfπ“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜π“π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“π’· π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
𐓀𐒲𐒼𐒰MAHⁿ-eeⁿ-kahunspec. var.π“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“€π’±π’Όπ’°π“€π“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“€π“ƒπ’Όπ’°noun1soil2ground3earth4clay5mud6dirt
𐓀𐒲𐒼𐒰 π’»π“π’»π“‡π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°MAHⁿ-eeⁿ-kah EE-thee-shdohⁿ-kahnoun1hoewith which to make the earth softunspec. comp. form of𐓀𐒲𐒼𐒰𐒻-1𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-π“‡π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“€π’»Ν˜1meeⁿunspec. var.𐓀𐒻2noun1sun2moon (used in phrases such as "east door, west moon" [a way of running peyote meetings]}
π“€π’»Ν˜2meeⁿintransitive verb1I am2I was3I live4I exist ascfπ’΄π’»Ν˜1unspec. comp. form of𐒴-π“π’»Ν˜1
π“€π’»Ν˜3meeⁿnoun1blanket2robe3garment4any item worn like a blanket or robecfπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π“‚π“€π’»π““π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π“€π’»Ν˜3π““π’°Ν˜1
π“€π’»Ν˜ π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·meeⁿ AH-thu-xehunspec. var.π“€π’»π’°π“π’·π“€π’»π’°Ν˜π“π’·noun1daughter-in-law (son's wife) (my)2daughter-in-law (son's wife) (your)3daughter-in-law (son's wife) (his/her)Quintero (Osage Dictionary, page 143) notes that this term is "vocative and referent, more familiar than wihcini 'daughter-in-law'."While this is the full and/or main version of this term, its variant (usually contracted) is used more often.cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“π’»π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“π’»π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜4cont. var. ofπ“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°1π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π“Žπ“π’·1
π“€π’»Ν˜ π’»π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·meeⁿ EE-thohⁿ-behnoun1sunrise2the emergence of the sunsun appearsunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜1π’»π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·
𐓀𐒻𐒰𐓐𐒷MEE-ah-xehunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜4cont. var. ofπ“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°1π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π“Žπ“π’·1unspec. var. ofπ“€π’»Ν˜ π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜4π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·
π“€π’»Ν˜π’Ήπ’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π“π’·meeⁿ-HAH-sheeⁿ-thehnoun1robe worn with the hair outsideunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜3π’Ήπ’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π“π’·
π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°1MEEⁿ-kahunspec. var.𐓀𐒻1π“€π’»Ν˜π’°π“€π’»π’·π“€π’»Ν˜π’·π“€π’»π’Όπ’°cont. var.π“€π’»Ν˜41femalenoun2femaleadjective3female (of animals)adjective
π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°2MEEⁿ-kahmeeⁿ-KAHnoun1raccoon
𐓀𐒻𐒼𐒰𐒼'𐒷mee-KAH-k'ehnoun1star2mushroom
𐓀𐒻𐒼𐒰𐒼'𐒷 𐓂𐓐𐓄𐒰𐓍𐒷mee-KAH-k'eh oh-XBAH-thehnoun1falling star2meteorunspec. comp. form of𐓀𐒻𐒼𐒰𐒼'𐒷𐓂𐓐𐓄𐒰𐓍𐒷
𐓀𐒻𐒼𐒰𐒼'𐒷 π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·mee-KAH-k'eh OH-zhahⁿ-kehnoun1orbit of starstar pathunspec. comp. form of𐓀𐒻𐒼𐒰𐒼'π’·π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
𐓀𐒻𐒼𐒰𐒼'π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜mee-KAH-k'eh-tahⁿnoun1morning starunspec. comp. form of𐓀𐒻𐒼𐒰𐒼'π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·meeⁿ-KSHEH1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 1st singular sitting or lying down subjectIn one respect, this term can be thought of almost like how adding -ing to a verb in English indicates an ongoing action. Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 148) that this term "is sometimes used for 1st sg. subjects that are not lying down; hence it can be regarded as the default 1st sg. continuative marker."cfπ“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
𐓀𐒻𐓁𐒰MEE-nahnoun1daughter (first) (my)2daughter (first) (your)3daughter (first) (his/her)4eldest daughterQuintero (Osage Dictionary, page 144) notes, "This is a special kinship term. This term is used by a father and mother for their first daughter. The term is also used by other members of the family. It is not a personal name, it is, however, a gentile name, by which she may be addressed by anybody." This term is also specific to the Pawhuska district.cfπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’°π“†π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°
π“€π’»π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°MEE-ohⁿ-bahunspec. comp. form of𐓀𐒻2unspec. var. ofπ“€π’»Ν˜1π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°unspec. var. ofπ“€π’»Ν˜π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜1π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°
π“€π’»Ν˜π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°MEEⁿ-ohⁿ-bahunspec. var.π“€π’»π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°noun1moon2month3month's timesecond sununspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜1π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°
π“€π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·MEEⁿ-dsehnoun1bow
π“€π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°Ν˜MEEⁿ-dseh-kahⁿnoun1bowstring2triggerunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°Ν˜
π“€π’»π“Šπ“‚mee-TSOHnoun1lion
π“€π’»Ν˜π“Šπ“Žmeeⁿ-TSOOnoun1grizzly bear
𐓀𐒻𐓐𐒰MEE-xahnoun1duck2goose3game bird or other large bird
𐓀𐒻𐓐𐒰 𐓆𐒼𐒰MEE-xah sgahnoun1swanwhite duckunspec. comp. form of𐓀𐒻𐓐𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰1
𐓀𐒻𐓐𐒰 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°MEE-xah TAHⁿ-kahunspec. var.𐓀𐒻𐓐𐒰 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·noun1goose2big goose3big duckbig duckunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»π“π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐓀𐒻𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷mee-XOH-gehunspec. var.𐓀𐒻𐒰𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷1homosexual2lesbian3gay personQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 144) that "for some, this term refers only to males."
π“€π“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ’°MOHⁿ-hahnoun1cliff2bank3escarpment4mountain
π“€π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’±mohⁿ-KAH-sah-eeunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. var. ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷
π“€π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’· 𐓒𐒻 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜MOHⁿ-keh zee tahⁿnoun1meadowlarklarge yellow chestunspec. comp. form ofπ“€π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. var. ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“’π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π“€π“‚Ν˜π“„π“‡π’·MOHⁿ-pshehnoun1older generation2forebears3ancestors
π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·moo-SKOH-gehnoun1Creek Indianscf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
𐓁
𐓁𐒰1nahunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜1adverb1only2just3solely4not anything else than5not anything but
π“π’°Ν˜2nahⁿinterj1now2but3well4I wonderQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 149) that, "Used at the beginning of the sentence, nΔ… adds a speculative tone to an otherwise simple question and is often glossed as 'wonder'."cfπ’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2𐒹𐒰3
π“π’°Ν˜3nahⁿunspec. var.𐓁𐒰2π“π“‚Ν˜31always2repeatedly3habitually4customarily5usually6recurringly7continually8continue to9used tocfπ’Ήπ’°π“Šπ’»π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π“π’°Ν˜4nahⁿunspec. var.𐓁𐒰3π“π“‚Ν˜21distributed to each
π“π’°Ν˜5nahⁿnoun1woodLa Flesche notes that this term is an "archaic word for wood."cfπ““π’°Ν˜2
π“π’°Ν˜π’΄π“‚Ν˜π’΄π“‚Ν˜π“†π’·nahⁿ-BROHⁿ-brohⁿ-seharch. var.π“π’°Ν˜π“„π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π“π“ŽΝ˜π“†π’·transitive verb1make ice crack repeatedly by walking on itThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-
π“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°NAHⁿ-hahnahⁿ-HAHnoun1bark of a tree2outer bark of a tree3boardcfπ““π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐒹𐒰1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜5𐒹𐒰1
π“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’° π’°π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·NAHⁿ-hah AH-nahⁿ-KOH-gehnahⁿ-HAH AH-nahⁿ-KOH-geharch. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’° π’°π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“Žπ’Όπ’·noun1plank2board3floorboard4floorunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜5𐒹𐒰1π’°π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π’°Ν˜-𐒼𐓂𐒼𐒷
π“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’° 𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰NAHⁿ-hah BRAH-k'ahunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’° 𐓄𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒰noun1board2plank3lumberunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜5𐒹𐒰1𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰
π“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’° π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»NAHⁿ-hah EEⁿ-tseeunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’° π’»π“Šπ’»noun1bark lodgeunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜5𐒹𐒰1π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»1
π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1NAHⁿ-kahnoun1back (of a human or animal's body)2back
π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°2NAHⁿ-kahunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°Ν˜adverb1maybe
π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Ώπ’·NAHⁿ-kah-leharch. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“π’·noun1saddleunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1𐒰𐒿𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·NAHⁿ-kehintransitive verb1run2run, as an animal, not as a personcfπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜
π“π’°Ν˜π’Ό'π“‚Ν˜nahⁿ-k'OHⁿunspec. var.𐓁𐓂˙𐒼'π“‚Ν˜arch. var.𐓁𐒰𐒼'π“ŽΝ˜transitive verb1hear2hear about3understand
π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’°π“‡π’·nahⁿ-KXAH-shehunspec. var.π“π’°π’Όπ“π’°π“‡π’·π“π’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’·π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’·arch. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 2nd plural (i.e., plural addressee) sitting subject2ye whoThis is the second-person conjugation of thaⁿkxa. Since thaⁿkxa is inherently plural, so is this term, which expresses "you-all."cfπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’°
π“π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π’Όπ’·nahⁿ-LEH-gehunspec. var.𐓁𐒰𐒹𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷𐓁𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷transitive verb1shatter by foot or with the footcf𐒼𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜NAHⁿ-nahⁿunspec. var.𐓁𐒰𐓁𐒰1on and on2continually3keep on with the action of the verbThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜3
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°nahⁿ-NEEⁿ-ohⁿ-bahnoun1pipe2smokeThe idea of smoke here refers to the idea of something like a cigarette. For example, "I'm going to go get some smokes." This term does not refer to the smoke that comes from a fire.
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π“‚Ν˜π“„π’° 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷nahⁿ-NEEⁿ-ohⁿ-bah GAH-xehtransitive verb1make a smoke2roll a cigaretteThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π“π’°π“π“Žnah-NÜunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π“π“Žnoun1tobaccoπ“π’°π“π“Ž 𐒴𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷I chew tobacco.cfπ“π’°Ν˜π“π“Žπ’Ήπ“Ž
π“π’°π“π“Ž 𐓍𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷nah-NÜ thah-SHGEE-gehunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π“π“Ž 𐓍𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷transitive verb1chew tobaccoπ“π’°π“π“Ž 𐒴𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷I chew tobacco.This entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π“π“Žπ“π’°π“‡π’Όπ’»π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷
π“π’°Ν˜π“π“Ž 𐓍𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷NAHⁿ-noo thah-SHGEE-gehNAHⁿ-nΓΌ thah-SHGEE-gehThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π“Žunspec. var. ofπ“π’°π“π“Žπ“π’°π“‡π’Όπ’»π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. var. ofπ“π’°π“π“Ž 𐓍𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π“π“Žπ“π’°π“‡π’Όπ’»π’Όπ’·
π“π’°Ν˜π“π“Žπ’Ήπ“Žnahⁿ-NOO-hoonahⁿ-NÜ-hoonoun1tobaccocfπ“π’°π“π“Ž
π“π’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“π’·nahⁿ-BAH-xehtransitive verb1break a cord or string in two with the footcf𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“„π’°π“π’·π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒻𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
π“π’°Ν˜π“„π“π“‚π’Όπ’·nahⁿ-PXOH-keharch. var.π“π’°Ν˜π“„π“Žπ’Όπ’·π“π’°Ν˜π“„π“π“Žπ’Όπ’·transitive verb1make an object burst open with a popping sound, by treading or jumping on itcf𐒼𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷
π“π’°Ν˜π“†π’»π’Όπ’·nahⁿ-SEE-gehtransitive verb1make earth, snow, etc., fly in all directions by kickingcf𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-
π“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π“π“‚nahⁿ-SHAH-thoharch. var.π“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π“π“Žtransitive verb1make small bells, on the clothing, etc., rattle when the wearer dancescfπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π“‚π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓇𐓂𐓏𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓇𐒰𐓍𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-
π“π’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜NAH-shohⁿunspec. var.𐓁𐒰𐓇𐓂adverb1at least2leastways
π“π’°Ν˜π“‡π“‚π“π’·nahⁿ-SHOH-weharch. var.π“π’°Ν˜π“‡π“Žπ“π’·transitive verb1make small bells, as on clothing or moccasins, rattle, when the wearer dancescfπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π“π“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓇𐓂𐓏𐒷
π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜nahⁿ-TAHⁿunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°noun1ear2external ear3ear (of a person or animal)4outer part of ear5earlobecfπ“π’°Ν˜π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·
π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°nahⁿ-TAHⁿ-TAHⁿ-kahunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°cont. var.π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜noun1mule2jake mule3donkey4burro5assbig earsWhile this is the full and/or main version of this term, its variant (usually contracted) is used more often.cf𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π“†π“Šπ’·π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“π’°nahⁿ-TAH-thaharch. var.π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆ'𐒰𐓍𐒰transitive verb1scatter in pieces, as wood or snow, by kicking or treading onunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-π“ˆπ’°π“π’°
π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ“π’°π““π’»nahⁿ-TXAH-zhee1not aptcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1π’°π““π’»π“π’°Ν˜π’΅π’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form of𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’°π““π’»nahⁿ-TSAH-zhee1not aptcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ“π’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1π’°π““π’»π“π’°Ν˜π’΅π’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form of𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1NAHⁿ-tseh1aptcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’°π’Ήπ“ŽNAHⁿ-xah-hΓΌunspec. var.π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’°π’Ήπ’»noun1spine2backbone
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’°π’Ήπ“Ž 𐓁𐒻𐒷NAHⁿ-xah-hΓΌ NEE-ehunspec. var.π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’°π’Ήπ’» 𐓁𐒻𐒷1backacheThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.This term uses both the standard (ATHA) and adjective conjugations. It is almost certain that the adjective conjugations were the original way to handle this term, with modern Osage speakers also conjugating this term as a verb.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’°π’Ήπ“Žπ“π’»π’·2
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1NAHⁿ-xehnoun1ice
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·2NAHⁿ-xehunspec. var.π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’·noun1spirit2sanity
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’· 𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻NAHⁿ-xeh bah-ZEH-neenoun1ice creamice milkunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷1𐓁𐒻1
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“π’»NAHⁿ-xeh-neenoun1ice waterunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1𐓁𐒻1
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“‚π““π“ŽNAHⁿ-xeh-oh-ZHOONAHⁿ-xeh-oh-ZHÜnoun1refrigerator2icebox3cooler4ice chestcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π“Šπ’»1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π“‚π““π“Ž
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’°NAHⁿ-xeh-sgahunspec. var.π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’°adjective1sober2not drunk3clear-minded4in one's right mind5staid6dignified7clearness of mind8return to consciousness9sanespirit clearOn this word, it is the "sga" that is conjugated.This entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·2𐓆𐒼𐒰3unspec. var. of𐓆𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’°π““π’»NAHⁿ-xeh-SGAH-zheeunspec. var.π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’°π““π’»adjective1be stupefied from fright after talking with or dreaming of spirits2become dizzyFor this word, it is the "sga" and "azhi" that need to be conjugated properly.This term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“†π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·2𐓆𐒼𐒰3𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“Šπ’»NAHⁿ-xeh-tseenoun1refrigerator2icebox3cooler4ice chestice housecfπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“‚π““π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π“‚π““π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π“Šπ’»1
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π““π’»Ν˜NAHⁿ-xeh-zheeⁿ1sleetnoun2sleetintransitive verb𐓁𐒰˙𐓐𐒷𐓓𐒻˙ 𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰.It's sleeting.small icecfπ“π’»π““π“Žπ“„π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žπ“„π’°3unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“π’°Ν˜π“π“‚Ν˜nahⁿ-XOHⁿunspec. var.π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜transitive verb1break by foot2break with the footcfπ’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’»π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-π“π“‚Ν˜
π“π’°Ν˜π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·nahⁿ-XOO-dsehnoun1ear2inner ear3act of hearing, understanding, paying attention, heeding advicecfπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π“π’°Ν˜π“π“Žπ“Šπ’· 𐓁𐒻𐒷nahⁿ-XOO-dseh NEE-eh1have an earacheverb2earachenounThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.This term uses both the standard (ATHA) and adjective conjugations. It is almost certain that the adjective conjugations were the original way to handle this term, with modern Osage speakers also conjugating this term as a verb.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·π“π’»π’·2
π“π’°Ν˜π“π“Žπ“Šπ’· 𐓐𐒷𐒼𐒰nahⁿ-XOO-dseh XEH-gahadjective1deafunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·π“π’·π’Όπ’°
π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜nahⁿ-ZHEEⁿunspec. var.π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»1standintransitive verb2be standingintransitive verb3stand upintransitive verb4get upintransitive verb5rise to his feetintransitive verb6terminate ongoing activity preparatory to departingintransitive verb7come to a stopintransitive verb8stop, cause to stop (e.g., a motor or something engaged in an activity)transitive verb9halt, detain someone who is passing bytransitive verb
𐓁𐒻1neeunspec. var.π“π’»Ν˜2noun1water2any fluid3liquid4sapLa Flesche (page 105) notes that this is "the water that courses through the various parts of a tree or other plants."5river6rivulet7creek
𐓁𐒻4neeunspec. var.𐓁𐒻𐒷3intransitive verb1be well or all right2be in good health3exist4live5be alive6be living
π“π’»Ν˜3neeⁿunspec. var.𐓁𐒻2𐓁𐒻𐒷1π“π’»Ν˜π’·intransitive verb1you are/wereπ“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°Λ™ π“ˆπ’°Λ™π“π’°Λ™π’Ώπ’° 𐓁𐒻˙𐒷?What clan are you?2you are/were a certain way or a certain thing3you live(d) or exist(ed) as4you are/were characterized by a quality
𐓁𐒻 π’°π“„π“Žπ“π’·NEE AH-boo-xehnoun1beerboiling or foaming water or liquidQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 156) that this term is archaic.cfπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π’°π“„π“Žπ“π’·
𐓁𐒻 𐒼𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓐𐒷NEE gah-BRAH-xeharch. var.𐓁𐒻 𐒼𐒰𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓐𐒷noun1wave2waves3wave or waves driven by the windcf𐓁𐒻 π“„π“Žπ“‡π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“„π“Žπ“‡π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1𐒼𐒰-
𐓁𐒻 𐒼'π“Ž π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜NEE k'oo wah-THOHⁿarch. var.𐓁𐒻 𐒼'π“Ž π“π’°π“π“ŽΝ˜noun1songs of the giving of life: the name of the first degree of the Osage secret societyunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻4𐒼'π“Žπ“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3
𐓁𐒻 π“„π“‚π“†π“Šπ’»nee BOH-stseearch. var.𐓁𐒻 π“„π“Žπ“†π“Šπ’»noun1fire extinguisherunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1𐓄𐓂-
𐓁𐒻 π“„π“Žπ“‡π“‚NEE bΓΌ-SHOHarch. var.𐓁𐒻 π“„π“Žπ“‡π“Žnoun1wavecf𐓁𐒻 𐒼𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1𐒼𐒰-unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“„π“Žπ“‡π“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Ž-1
𐓁𐒻 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°NEE TAHⁿ-kahcont. var.𐓁𐒻 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜noun1ocean2sea3Mississippi Riverbig waterunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐓁𐒻 π“Š'𐒰𐓍𐒷NEE ts'AH-thehnoun1vinegarsour waterunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“Š'𐒰𐓍𐒷
𐓁𐒻 π“π’·π“Š'𐒰NEE WEH-ts'ahnoun1water moccasinunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“π’·π“Š'𐒰
𐓁𐒻 π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·NEE ZHÜ-dsehnoun1Arkansas Riverred waterunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·
𐓁𐒻𐒰nee-AHintransitive verb1breathe
𐓁𐒻𐒰 π“π“Žπ“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷nee-AH thΓΌ-ts'AH-gehverb1be unable to get his breathThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’°π“π“Žπ“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷
𐓁𐒻𐒷2NEE-ehadjective1hurt2experience painThis term uses both the standard (ATHA) and adjective conjugations. It is almost certain that the adjective conjugations were the original way to handle this term, with modern Osage speakers also conjugating this term as a verb.
𐓁𐒻𐒹𐒰nee-HAHnoun1algae2surface of waterQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 156) that this term "perhaps 'superficial appearance of a body of water'".water's skin/surfaceunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1𐒹𐒰1
𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰NEE-kahnoun1man2person3husband (my)cfπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π’°cont. var. of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻𐒼𐒰
𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ’°NEE-kah EE-tahnoun1husband (his/her)cf𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π’Όπ’° π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°
𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷NEE-kah SAH-behnoun1black person2African Americanunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷
𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°NEE-kah THEE-tahnoun1husband (your)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 155) that "nihka Γ°ihta is perferred over Γ°inihka."cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ’° π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π’»π“ˆπ’°1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“π’»π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°NEE-kah WEE-tahnoun1husband (my)cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ’° π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π’»π“ˆπ’°1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·NEE-kah ZHOO-dsehnoun1Indian2Indians'red man' or 'red people'unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·
𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷nee-GAH-pxoh-kehnoun1soda pop2soft drinkunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1𐒼𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷
𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻 π“‚π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜NEE-kah-shee oh-NAHⁿ-zheeⁿarch. var.𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻 π“Žπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜noun1pupil of the eyethat in which a man standsunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻cont. var. ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’»π’Όπ’°π“‚π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜
𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻𐒼𐒰NEE-kah-shee-gahunspec. var.𐓁𐒻𐒼'π’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π’°π“π’»π’Ό'π’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°cont. var.π“π’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’»π“π’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π’°π“π’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’»π’·1the peoplenoun2a peoplenoun3mannoun4personnoun5be a manintransitive verb6be human beingsintransitive verb
𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓍𐒷NEE-kah-SHEE-gah-thehtransitive verb1cause him to be a human being or manunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻𐒼𐒰-𐓍𐒷
π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·neeⁿ-KSHEHunspec. var.π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’»1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 2nd singular sitting subject2you are characterized by [the preceding expression, which may be a noun phrase]3you who are4you who sitIn one respect, this term can be thought of almost like how adding -ing to a verb in English indicates an ongoing action. Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 158) that this term "is sometimes used for 2nd sg. subjects that are not sitting; hence it can be regarded as the default 2nd sg. continuative marker."cfπ“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
π“π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·NEE-lohⁿ-zehnee-LOHⁿ-zeharch. var.π“π’»π’Όπ“π“ŽΝ˜π“’π’·adjective1scrambled2soft, as mud mixed with much water3miry
π“π’»π“€π’°Ν˜NEE-mahⁿintransitive verb1swimcf𐒹𐒻𐓍𐒰
𐓁𐒻𐓁𐒻1NEE-neeadjective1cold (used for inanimates only)2cool to the touch3cool, as weather4cool weathercfπ“π’»π“Šπ’·
𐓁𐒻𐓁𐒻2NEE-neeunspec. var.π“π’»π“π’»Ν˜noun1spring, well (sources of water)2spring3wellunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1𐓁𐒻𐓁𐒻1
π“π’»π“†π’Όπ“Žπ“π’·NEE-sgoo-thehnee-SGOO-thehunspec. var.π“π’»π“†π’Όπ“Žπ“π’»π“†π’Όπ“Žπ’·noun1salt2rock saltsweet waterunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“†π’Όπ“Žπ“π’·
𐓁𐒻𐓇𐒼𐓂𐓇𐒼𐓂nee-SHGOH-shgoharch. var.π“π’»π“‡π’Όπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ“Žnoun1martinDorsey notes that this is "a bird of the swallow family."
π“π’»π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·NEE-shoh-dsehnoun1drizzle2mist3gray rain4hazewater - smokecfπ“π’»π““π“Ž π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žπ“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’»π““π“Ž π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žπ“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·
π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜nee-DAHⁿnoun1flood2freshet3high waterunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1
π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°nee-DAH-pahNEE-DAH-pahnoun1pondround waterunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°
π“π’»π“Šπ’·NEE-tsehunspec. var.π“π’»π“Šπ’»adjective1cold2feel cold (animate subject)3be cold, as a person or animalThis term is conjugated after ni-. For example, niaⁿtse - I am cold.cf𐓁𐒻𐓁𐒻1
π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·NEEⁿ-dsehnoun1rump2buttocksWhile this term is found in various sources, the term oⁿbe is preferred.cfπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·
π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓒𐒻 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°NEEⁿ-dseh zee TAHⁿ-kahnoun1bumblebeecfπ’Όπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’· π“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐓁𐒻𐓍𐒷1NEE-thehtransitive verb1allow to liveunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻4-𐓍𐒷
𐓁𐒻𐓍𐒷2NEE-thehtransitive verb1give away2divest oneself of3be out of4be lackingunspec. comp. form of-𐓍𐒷
π“π’»π“π“‚π“Šπ’·nee-XOH-dsehNEE-xoh-dseharch. var.π“π’»π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·noun1ashesunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚π“Šπ’·
π“π’»π““π“ŽNEE-zhoonee-ZHOOarch. var.π“π“Žπ““π“Ž1rainnoun2rainverbunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1
π“π’»π““π“Ž 𐓂𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒷NEE-zhoo oh-XAH-gehnoun1toad
π“π’»π““π“Ž π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜NEE-zhoo XOH-tahⁿnoun1drizzle2mist3fine raindropssmall raincfπ“π’»π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·π“π’»π““π“Ž π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žπ“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π“π’»π““π“Ž π“π“‚π“Šπ’·NEE-zhoo XOH-dsehnoun1drizzle2mistgray raincfπ“π’»π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·π“π’»π““π“Ž π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žπ“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π“π“‚π“Šπ’·
π“π’»π““π“Žπ“„π’°nee-ZHOO-bahnoun1sleetrainy snowcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1𐓄𐒰3
π“π’»π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·nee-ZHOO-dsehunspec. var.π“π’»π““π“Žπ’·noun1riverred water
π“π’»π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·nee-ZHOO-dseh KAHⁿ-dsehunspec. var.π“π’»π““π“Žπ’· π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·noun1plumriver applecfπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·
π“π’»π““π“Žπ““π’»Ν˜NEE-zhoo-ZHEEⁿnoun1a rain showersmall rainunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π“Žunspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“π“‚Ν˜1nohⁿunspec. var.π“π“‚Ν˜π’·arch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜1be oldintransitive verb2grow up to adulthoodintransitive verb3matureintransitive verb4grownadjective5olderadjective6adulthoodnoun7grownupsnoun8adultsnoun9old folksnoun10elders in times pastnoun11old onesnoun12advanced agenoun13old agenoun
π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·NOHⁿ-breharch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π“π’·transitive verb1eat2eat as when hungry3consumecfπ“π’°π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π““π’»NOHⁿ-pah-zheearch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’°π““π’»verb1not to be afraid to face danger2unafraid3fearlessThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.This particular verb is conjugated AFTER the first syllable.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·2𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·1nohⁿ-BEHNOHⁿ-behnoun1palm of the hand2fist3hand4hands5pawThis term is rarely used to express hand in modern Osage. Usually shage is used.cf𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷1
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·2NOHⁿ-pehunspec. var.π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’»arch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’·1fear to face dangerintransitive verb2be afraid or scaredintransitive verb3fear seen dangertransitive verb4be afraid oftransitive verb5be scared oftransitive verb6feartransitive verbThis particular verb is conjugated AFTER the first syllable.
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’· π“Š'π’»Ν˜π“‡π’°nohⁿ-BEH ts'EEⁿ-shahnoun1bent or cramped handunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·1π“Š'π’»Ν˜π“‡π’°
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·π’Ήπ’»NOHⁿ-peh-heearch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’·π’Ήπ’»adjective1hungry2be hungryThis term is inflected after the second syllable. For example, noⁿpeaⁿhi (I am hungry), noⁿpethihi (you are hungry), etc. However, this term commonly appears uninflected. For example, "I am hungry" can also be expressed as noⁿpehi aⁿhe.
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·π“π’°π“π’·NOHⁿ-peh-WAH-thehunspec. var.π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·π“π’°π’·π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·π“π’±π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·π“π’·arch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’·π“π’°π“π’·1dangerous (to behold)verb2be scaryverb3make folks fearfulverb4fearful thingnoun5something to be afraid ofnoun6Fearful Onenpropmake folks be afraidunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·2-𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3-𐓍𐒷
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„'π’»Ν˜nohⁿ-p'EEⁿNOHⁿ-p'eeⁿarch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„'π’»Ν˜transitive verb1wear around the neck2wear a necklace
π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’·NOHⁿ-theharch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜π“π’·transitive verb1cause to reach maturity2raise or bring upunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜1-𐓍𐒷
𐓂
𐓂1oharch. var.π’°π“Ž21masculine oral period, used when the one addressed is nearbyMalecfπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“‚π“‚2π“ˆπ’°Ν˜4
𐓂2oh1a sign of the masculine imperativeMalecfπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“‚π“‚1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜4
π“‚Ν˜1ohⁿtransitive verb1suffer from2have as an illness3be sick from4wear5use
π“‚Ν˜2ohⁿtransitive verb1do, engage in (an activity)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 189) that this term has "rare usage."
π“‚Ν˜3ohⁿunspec. var.π“ŽΝ˜noun1hazelnuts
𐓂𐒹𐒻oh-HEEtransitive verb1beat, conquer, best someone in a game (not used for a race)2win
𐓂𐒹𐒻𐓍𐒰oh-HEE-thah1bathtubnoun2place to bathetransitive verb3place to swimtransitive verbunspec. comp. form of𐓂-𐒹𐒻𐓍𐒰
π“‚π’Ήπ’»π“π’°π“Šπ’»oh-HEE-thah-tseenoun1bath houseunspec. comp. form of𐓂𐒹𐒻𐓍𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π’Ήπ’»π“π’°π“Šπ’»1
𐓂𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓄𐒷oh-HLAH-beharch. var.π“Žπ“π“π’°π“„π’·noun1brush2thicket3undergrowth4dense forest5grove6woods
𐓂𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓓𐒻oh-HLAH-zheeunspec. var.π“‚π’Ώπ’°π““π’»π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π““π’»arch. var.π“Žπ“π“π’°π““π’»transitive verb1not to reach to, overtake, etc.2be smaller than3secondary4of less importance5inferior6failure to beat in a race7do something not quite right, do imperfectly, make a poor performance of or fail at8fall short, fail, miss the mark9not up to par, inferior, poor, subpar, inadequateThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form of𐓂𐒹𐒿𐒷𐒰𐓓𐒻
𐓂𐒹𐒿𐒷oh-HLEHunspec. var.𐓂𐒿𐒷1arch. var.π“Žπ“π“π’·transitive verb1chase2chase away3run off4overtake5reach to
𐓂𐒹𐒿𐓂𐒼'𐒰oh-HLOH-k'ahunspec. var.π“Žπ“π“π“‚π’Ό'𐒰arch. var.π“Žπ“π“π“Žπ’Ό'𐒰1hollow, as a tree or logadjective2hollow tree or lognoun3hollownoun
π“‚π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜oh-HOHⁿtransitive verb1cook, prepare (e.g., food)
π“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ“ŽOHⁿ-hooOHⁿ-hΓΌunspec. var.π“ŽΝ˜π’Ήπ“Žnoun1hazelThis term refers to the hazel tree (or bush), not the eye color.unspec. comp. form ofπ“‚Ν˜3π’Ήπ“Ž1
π“‚π’Όπ’°Ν˜1OH-kahⁿunspec. var.𐓂𐒼𐒰noun1space2room (in the sense of an unoccupied area)
π“‚π’Όπ’°Ν˜2OH-kahⁿoh-KAHⁿtransitive verb1help, help someone with a task, assist, aid
𐓂𐒼'π’°Ν˜OH-k'ahⁿoh-k'AHⁿ1put on a programintransitive verb2hold an eventintransitive verb3have a "doings"intransitive verb4act liketransitive verb5actnoun6deednoun7waysnoun8customnoun9personalitynoun10personal characteristicsnoun
𐓂𐒼𐒰𐒿𐒷oh-GAH-leharch. var.π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“π“π’·1face a certain direction
π“‚π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°oh-KAHⁿ-sgahOH-kahⁿ-sgahunspec. var.π“‚π’Όπ’°π“†π’Όπ’°π“‚π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°arch. var.π“Žπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°1middle2in the center3at the halfway point4the middle of one5in the middle6in a straight line with another
π“‚π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’° π“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜oh-KAHⁿ-sgah oh-TSEEⁿarch. var.π“Žπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’° π“Žπ“Šπ’»Ν˜transitive verb1hit the object in the middle2hit the markThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°π“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜
π“‚π’Όπ’°π“‡π’°Ν˜1OH-gah-shahⁿintransitive verb1take charge of things in general for anotherVerbs beginning in o- often have stress on the next syllable, but when the valence reducer wa- is added, it is absorbed in o- and gains stress.unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“‚π’Όπ’°π“‡π’°Ν˜2
π“‚π’Όπ’°π“‡π’°Ν˜2oh-GAH-shahⁿunspec. var.𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒰1take care of or handle something specific for someonetransitive verb2take charge of, undertake, supervise or have the responsibility for something specific in response to a formal request (e.g., taking care of the food for an event)transitive verb3go on an errandintransitive verb4set out on or undertake a new task under one's chargeintransitive verb
𐓂𐒼𐒰𐓐𐓄𐒰oh-GAH-xpahnoun1Quapaw Indians
𐓂𐒼𐒻𐒷1oh-KEE-ehtransitive verb1converse with2interview3talk with or to4call on the telephoneQuintero notes on page 170 of her Osage Dictionary that this term was, "originally a reciprocal form 'speak with each other, converse', but not used regularly as a transitive form."unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
𐓂𐒼𐒻𐒷2oh-KEE-ehnoun1get-together2meeting of a group of people to converseunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
𐓂𐒼𐒻𐓄𐓇𐒷oh-GEE-pshehtransitive verb1follow one's own2be true to one's own3obey one's ownunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1𐓂𐓄𐓇𐒷
π“‚π’Όπ’»π“†π“Šπ’·oh-KEE-sdsehnoun1half (of anything)2half dollar
π“‚π’Όπ’»π“Šπ’·oh-KEE-tsehnoun1tribe other than Osage2enemy3stranger
π“‚π’Ύπ“Žπ“π“‚π’Ήπ’Ώπ’°OH-kyΓΌ-thoh-hlaharch. var.π“Žπ’Ύπ“Žπ“π“Žπ“π“π’°noun1tunic
π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜oh-LAHⁿtransitive verb1put into2place inside of3pour round items into (e.g., fruit into pies)4add items to cooking5pour liquid intocfπ’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2𐒰𐒿𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2𐓂𐒿𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓂-unspec. comp. form of𐓂-
π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·1OH-lahⁿ-kehnoun1hat, head cover, item worn on the headunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·2
π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·2oh-LAHⁿ-keh1wear on the head, put on the head, don as a hattransitive verb2with the head coveredadjective
𐓂𐒿𐒰𐓓𐒻oh-LAH-zheeunspec. comp. form of𐓂𐒹𐒿𐒷𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. var. of𐓂𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓂𐒹𐒿𐒷𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π““π’»oh-LAHⁿ-zhiunspec. comp. form of𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. var. of𐓂𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓂𐒹𐒿𐒷𐒰𐓓𐒻
𐓂𐒿𐒷2oh-LEHarch. var.π“Žπ’Όπ“π’·transitive verb1put a curvilinear object, book, paper, etc., into a long drawer2stand an object in a room, as to put a tall stove into a room, or a tall object into a barrelcfπ’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2𐒰𐒿𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-unspec. comp. form of𐓂-
π“‚π’Ώπ’»Ν˜oh-LEEⁿtransitive verb1sit incfπ’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π“‚π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°OH-mahⁿ-kahunspec. var.𐓂𐓀𐒰𐒼𐒰adjective1easy2cheap3inexpensive
𐓂𐓀𐒲𐒼𐒰2oh-MAHⁿ-eeⁿ-kahunspec. var.𐓂𐓀𐒲𐒼𐒰1noun1year
𐓂𐓀𐒻𐓓𐒷oh-MEE-zhehunspec. var.π“‚π“€π’»Ν˜π““π’·noun1blanket2quilt3bedclothes4bedding5rug6carpet7mattress8palletcfπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π“€π’»Ν˜3unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π“€π’»Ν˜3π““π’°Ν˜1
π“‚π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜oh-NAHⁿ-zheeⁿarch. var.π“Žπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜transitive verb1stand in anythingunspec. comp. form of𐓂-π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜
π“‚π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·OH-nohⁿ-brehnoun1groceries
𐓂𐓄𐒰𐓒𐓂oh-BAH-zoharch. var.π“Žπ“„π’°π“’π“Žnoun1outside corner or angle
𐓂𐓄𐒷oh-PEHOH-pehunspec. var.π“‚π“„π’·π“π’»Ν˜transitive verb1enter or go in/into2enter formally (as into a peyote meeting)
π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·OHⁿ-behnoun1hip2hips3tail4buttocks5buttocks or rumpcfπ“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·
𐓂𐓄𐓇𐒰𐓓𐒻oh-PSHAH-zheetransitive verb1disobeyThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form of𐓂𐓄𐓇𐒷𐒰𐓓𐒻
𐓂𐓄𐓇𐒷oh-PSHEHtransitive verb1obey2follow3heed
𐓂𐓄𐓐𐒰2oh-BXAHadverb1down the middle
π“‚π“„π“π’°Ν˜1oh-PXAHⁿtransitive verb1follow (as a path)2go through or down (as a road)
π“‚π“„π“π’°Ν˜2OH-pxahⁿunspec. var.𐓂𐓄𐓐𐒰1noun1elk
π“‚π“„π“π’°Ν˜ 𐒹𐒰OH-pxahⁿ hahnoun1elk skinunspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π“„π“π’°Ν˜2𐒹𐒰1
π“‚π“„π“π’°Ν˜ π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜OH-pxahⁿ heeⁿ eh-GOHⁿadjective1light brown2dun coloredlike the color of elkunspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π“„π“π’°Ν˜2π’Ήπ’»Ν˜3π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
𐓂𐓆𐒼𐒻OH-skeenoun1arch of the footcf𐓆𐒻𐓂𐓆𐒼𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒻𐓂𐓆𐒼𐒻
π“‚π“†π“Žoh-SÜarch. var.π“Žπ“†π“Žnoun1seed2graincfπ“†π“Ž1
π“‚π“‡π“ˆπ’°oh-SHDAHnoun1yard2lawn
π“‚π“‡π“Šπ’·oh-SHDSEHunspec. var.π“‚π“†π“Šπ’·π“‚π“‡π’΅π’·1remainintransitive verb2be left or left overintransitive verb3leave (as leftovers)transitive verb4sparetransitive verb5remaindernoun6restnoun7leftover amountnoun
π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜oh-TAHⁿ-nahⁿunspec. var.π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°1between2in between3the space between things
π“‚π“ˆπ’°π“’π’°oh-TAH-zahadjective1good looking2handsome3beautiful4very pretty
π“‚π“ˆπ’°π“’π’°π““π’»oh-TAH-zah-zheeadjective1ugly2homely3not pretty or handsomeunspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π“’π’°π’°π““π’»
π“‚π“Šπ’·oh-DSEHtransitive verb1look for or search for something or someone (for one's own purposes, not because it or he/she was previously lost)
π“‚π“Šπ’·π““π’·oh-DSEH-zhehnoun1urinalunspec. comp. form of𐓂-π“Šπ’·π““π’·
π“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜oh-TSEEⁿarch. var.π“Žπ“Šπ’»Ν˜transitive verb1strike, beat, or hit an objectcfπ’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜
π“‚Ν˜π“π’°OHⁿ-thahunspec. var.𐓂𐓍𐒰𐓍𐒷transitive verb1throw away2throw3leave or quit someone4discard someone or something5toss outcfπ“‚Ν˜π“π’·
𐓂𐓍𐒰𐒹𐒰oh-THAH-hahunspec. var.𐓂𐒿𐒰𐒹𐒰1follow (e.g., a path, a person, God's word, a car, or a horse)transitive verb2follow, either directly, or some time aftertransitive verb3accompanytransitive verb4be behindintransitive verb5be attached to the backintransitive verb6be hanging (on the back of or behind something else)intransitive verb
𐓂𐓍𐒰𐒼𐒷1oh-THAH-gehtransitive verb1tell (e.g., news, stories)2relate3narrate4recite5state6proclaim7inform8say sounspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
𐓂𐓍𐒰𐒼𐒷2OH-thah-geh1tell thingsintransitive verb2informintransitive verb3storynoun4talenoun5legendnoun6narrativenoun7telling of somethingnoun8reporting of newsnounVerbs beginning in o- often have stress on the next syllable, but when the valence reducer wa- is added, it is absorbed in o- and gains stress.unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐓂𐓍𐒰𐒼𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
𐓂𐓍𐒰𐒼𐒷 𐓏𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷OH-thah-geh wah-LEH-zehnoun1newspaper2letter3magazinedocument with writings that tells thingsunspec. comp. form of𐓂𐓍𐒰𐒼𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐓂𐓍𐒰𐒼𐒷1𐓏𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
π“‚π“π’°π“‡π“Šπ’·1oh-THAH-shdsehtransitive verb1leave by mouth (e.g., remaining food)unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“‚π“‡π“Šπ’·
π“‚π“π’°π“‡π“Šπ’·2OH-thah-shdseh1lunchnoun2food taken home from a feastnoun3leave some as a remainder by mouthintransitive verbunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“‚π“π’°π“‡π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“‚π“‡π“Šπ’·
π“‚Ν˜π“π’·OHⁿ-thehtransitive verb1throw away2discard3leave behind4remove, as from office5quit someone6divorce or separate fromcfπ“‚Ν˜π“π’°
𐓂𐓍𐒻𐒼'𐒷oh-THEE-k'ehtransitive verb1drop something into (e.g., eyedrops into eyes)
π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·oh-THEEⁿ-kehtransitive verb1catch (a person or an animal)2grasp3hug4embrace5take or have hold of6take hold of someone's body part
𐓂𐓍𐒻𐓁𐒻oh-THEE-neenoun1umbrella
𐓂𐓍𐒻𐓁𐒻 π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°oh-THEE-nee ZHEEⁿ-kahnoun1parasolunspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π“π’»π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“‚π“π’»π“†π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°OH-thee-sahⁿ-hahintransitive verb1flutter
𐓂𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒻oh-THEE-sheetransitive verb1wrap2cover (for a tipi, sweat house, pillow, etc.)unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜oh-THEE-dahⁿtransitive verb1rein a horse that is running2restrain, as pulling the reinsunspec. comp. form of𐓂-π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3
𐓂𐓍𐓂𐒹𐒰oo-THOO-haharch. var.π“Žπ“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°adverb1almost2nearlycf𐒹𐓂𐓁𐒻𐓍𐓂𐒹𐒰
𐓂𐓍𐓂𐒹𐒰𐒼𐒷oh-THOH-hah-gehadjective1more2last3final
𐓂𐓍𐓂𐓄𐓇𐒷oh-THOH-pshehnoun1baby board of any type2cradleboard3cradle of any type
𐓂𐓍𐓂𐓇𐒻oh-THOH-sheeunspec. var.π“‚π“π’»π“‡π’»Ν˜adjective1in the way2in front of and blocking
π“‚π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°1oh-THOH-tahunspec. var.π“‚π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1adjective1straight up
π“‚π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2OH-thoh-tahⁿunspec. var.π“‚π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°21behaveintransitive verb2straightadjective3virtuousadjective4behaviornoun5good behaviornoun6acting with rectitude (may refer to conduct of the moment or to long-term behavior)noun
𐓂𐓏𐒷OH-wehnoun1groceries2garden3cultivated area4field planted for harvest5greens6vegetables7produce
π“‚π“π’·π“Šπ’»OH-weh-tseeoh-WEH-tseenoun1grocery storeunspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π“π’·π“Šπ’»1
𐓂𐓐𐒷OH-xehnoun1burial place2graveunspec. comp. form of𐓂-𐓐𐒷1
𐓂𐓐𐒷 π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜OH-xeh mahⁿ-ZHAHⁿnoun1burial groundunspec. comp. form of𐓂𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓂-𐓐𐒷1π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜
𐓂𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰OH-xee-thahnoun1deathunspec. comp. form of𐓂-𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰1
𐓂𐓐𐓄𐒰𐓍𐒷oh-XBAH-theh1fall from a heightintransitive verb2get lostintransitive verb3become lostintransitive verb4be lostintransitive verb5lose (something specific or someone specific)transitive verbThis particular term is listed as a verb, but it is conjugated as an adjective.
π“‚π“π“ˆπ’°OH-xdahadjective1precious2dear or beloved3valuable4marvelous5pleasing6mysterious7lovable8important9special10right11respectable
π“‚π“π“ˆπ’° 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷OH-xdah GAH-xehtransitive verb1hold sacred2consider precious3regard as holy4prize highly5hold a thing as precious or valuableThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπ“‚π“π“ˆπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π“π“ˆπ’°-𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π“π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π“‚π“π“ˆπ’°π“π’·OH-xdah-thehtransitive verb1be fond of a person2likeπ“ˆπ’°π“„π“‚π“†π’Όπ’° π“π’»π“ˆπ’° π“‚π“π“ˆπ’°π’°π’Όπ’»π“π’·.I like my school-teacher.3make precious, special, or importantcfπ“‚π“π“ˆπ’° 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π“π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°π“π’·1unspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π“π“ˆπ’°-𐓍𐒷
π“‚π““π’°Ν˜OH-zhahⁿ1lie abed, lie downverb2lie down intransitive verb3bed, place one lies innouncfπ’°π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π““π’°Ν˜1unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π““π’°Ν˜1
π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·OH-zhahⁿ-kehoh-ZHAHⁿ-kehnoun1road, highway, thoroughfare, route, path, pathway, orbit
π“‚π““π’·π“Šπ’»oh-ZHEH-tseenoun1bathroom, toilet room, john, water closet, outhouseunspec. comp. form of𐓂-𐓓𐒷1π“Šπ’»1
𐓂𐓓𐓂oh-ZHOHnoun1lowland2low wooded level
π“‚π““π“Žoh-ZHOOoh-ZHÜ1put intransitive verb2pour or serve liquids or small solids such as beanstransitive verb3pour for someonetransitive verb4plant or sow (e.g., seed in the ground)transitive verbQuintero adds (Osage Dictionary, page 181) "'put in' plants".5receptaclenoun6containernoun7bottlenoun8cupnoun9bowlnoun10jarnoun11shakernoun12holder (for pourable dry or liquid substances)nounWhen used as a noun describe the kind of container, Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 181) that "ooΕΎΓΊ follows the noun naming the filler substance."
𐓄
𐓄𐒰1pahnoun1nose2snout3protuberance4bulge5mound
𐓄𐒰2pahadjective1bitter
𐓄𐒰3bahnoun1snow
𐓄𐒰4bah1positional article for plural nonsubjectcf𐒼𐒷2𐒼𐓇𐒷𐓄𐒷1π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
𐓄𐒰5pahnoun1head
π“„π’°Ν˜bahⁿintransitive verb1holler2yell3scream4shout
𐓄𐒰 π’Ήπ“Žπ“π’·bah HOO-theh1snow, snowfall, snow coming down, falling snownoun2snowintransitive verbunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3
𐓄𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·pah ee-TAH-xehnoun1tip of the nosecfπ“„π’°π““π“Žπ““π’· π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·
𐓄𐒰 𐒼𐒰𐓓𐒻PAH gah-ZHEEtransitive verb1blow one's noseunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1𐒼𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-
𐓄𐒰 π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°pah DOH-kahnoun1Comanche (tribe or tribal member)2Kiowa (tribe or tribal member)'wet noses' or 'dew on the head'cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1
π“„π’°π’΄π’°Ν˜bah-BRAHⁿarch. var.π“„π’°π“„π“π’°Ν˜transitive verb1make a bad odor arise from a corpse, etc., by pushing against it with a stick, etc.unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π’΄π’°Ν˜
𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰1BAH-brah-k'aharch. var.𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒰2transitive verb1flatten by cutting2make flat by using a sharp edge3plane (as wood with a woodplane)4make a piece of wood have a flat surface by cutting it with a knife, or sawcf𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰
𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰2bah-BRAH-k'aharch. var.𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒰1transitive verb1plane a flat surface on a board or piece of woodcf𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒴𐒰𐒼'𐒰
𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷1BAH-brah-zeharch. var.𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓒𐒷1transitive verb1slit or cut open a skin, etc., by drawing a knife blade across itcf𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷2bah-BRAH-zeharch. var.𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓍𐒰𐓒𐒷2transitive verb1slit or cut open a skin by pushing the point of a knife along itcf𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰1BAH-breh-kaharch. var.𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰1transitive verb1cut meat in thin slices for drying, etc.cf𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰
𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰2bah-BREH-kaharch. var.𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰2transitive verb1make thin by planningcf𐓄𐒰𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰
π“„π’°π’΄π’·π“’π’°π“π’°Ν˜bah-BREH-zah-thahⁿarch. var.π“„π’°π“„π“π’·π“’π’°π“π’°Ν˜transitive verb1make droop, as a plant by pushing or punching (with the end of the stick held firmly against the object)unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π’΄π’·π“’π’°π“π’°Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ’΄π’·π“’π’°Ν˜π“π’°
π“„π’°π’΄π“‚Ν˜π“†π’·bah-BROHⁿ-seharch. var.π“„π’°π“„π“π“ŽΝ˜π“†π’·transitive verb1make ice, etc., give a crunching sound by pushing it with a stick, etc., held firmly against itcfπ“π’°Ν˜π’΄π“‚Ν˜π“†π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒰2bah-HAHtransitive verb1show, exhibit an objectunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜bah-HAHⁿunspec. var.𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒰1transitive verb1raise2hold up3raise any object (light or heavy) by pushing or burrowingcfπ“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜
π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’·pah-HAHⁿ-leharch. var.π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’·1first2first in line3at the outset4from the beginning5before
π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π“π“Šπ’»pah-HAHⁿ-leh-xdseearch. var.π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’·π“π“Šπ’»1the very first2at the very firstunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’·-π“π“Šπ’»
𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒷bah-HEHnoun1hill2bluff3high hill4mountainDorsey notes that this is an archaic term, and that the modern term is baxo.cf𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1
𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒻1bah-HEEnoun1diamonds (suit in a deck of cards)cfπ’Ήπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜π“†π’»π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2𐓄𐒷 π“π’°π’Ήπ’°π“Š'𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’·π’°π““π’»π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2
𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒻3bah-HEEunspec. var.π“„π’°π’Ήπ’»Ν˜3transitive verb1pick or gather from the ground, as fruit, vegetables, etc.2pick or gather (e.g., fruit, flowers)3collect together or pick up (many small, scattered things)4sort (e.g., beans, clothing to be laundered)unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π’Ήπ’»Ν˜1pah-HEEⁿunspec. var.𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒻2adjective1sharp
π“„π’°π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2PAH-heeⁿnoun1porcupine
𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒿𐒻bah-HLEEunspec. var.𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒻verb1get a splinter in the flesh, causing the latter to suppurateunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒹𐒿𐒻
𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒿𐓂𐒼𐒷bah-HLOH-geharch. var.π“„π’°π“π“π“Žπ’Όπ’·transitive verb1punch or thrust an awl or tined instrument (as a pitchfork, fork), into an objectunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’·bah-HLOH-dseharch. var.π“„π’°π“π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1flesh a hidecfπ“π’»π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’·
𐓄𐒰𐒹𐓂𐒿𐒷bah-HOH-leharch. var.π“„π’°π’Ήπ“Žπ’Όπ“π’·verb1bend over2bow the head3lean forward4stoopunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜bah-HOH-tahⁿarch. var.π“„π’°π’Ήπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜transitive verb1make an animal cry or roar by pushing with the end of a stick, etc., or by stabbingunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π“„π’°π’Ήπ“Žpah-HÜnoun1the hair of a boy's head below the cresthead hairunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰5π’Ήπ“Ž2unspec. var. ofπ’Ήπ’»Ν˜2
π“„π’°π’Ήπ“Žπ“Šπ’·bah-HÜ-dsehtransitive verb1to point the muzzle of a gun lowerunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π’Ήπ“Žπ“Šπ’·
𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰BAH-k'ahunspec. var.𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒰noun1cottonwood2cottonwood tree
π“„π’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜BAH-gahⁿtransitive verb1cut with a knife lengthwise on the surface of a piece of wood2whittle with a knifeunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2
𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷1BAH-k'ah-k'ah-behtransitive verb1cut notches in an object with a knife or sawThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cf𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷2bah-k'AH-k'ah-behtransitive verb1make notches in an object by pushing repeatedly with a knifeThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cf𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷1BAH-k'ah-behtransitive verb1cut a notch in an object with a knife or sawcf𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷2bah-k'AH-behtransitive verb1make a notch in an object by pushing it with a knife-point, or the end of a spear, etc., held firmly against itcf𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷1BAH-geh-geh-behtransitive verb1cut notches in an object with a knife or sawThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cf𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷2bah-GEH-geh-behtransitive verb1make notches in an object by pushing repeatedly against it with the end of a stick, spear, knife, etc.This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cf𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷1BAH-geh-behtransitive verb1cut a notch in an object with a knife or sawcf𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷2bah-GEH-behtransitive verb1make a notch in an object, by pushing it with a knife-point, or the end of a stick, spear, etc., held firmly against itcf𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼'𐒰𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷
π“„π’°π’Όπ’»π’Ώπ’°π“‡π’°Ν˜bah-KEE-lah-shahⁿarch. var.π“„π’°π’Όπ’»π’Όπ“π’°π“‡π’°Ν˜transitive verb1turn an object upside down by pushing with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against itunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π’Όπ’»π“Šπ’·bah-GEE-dseh1make a creaking or squeaking sound by pushingtransitive verb2play music on an instrumentintransitive verb3play a fiddletransitive verb4fiddlenoun5musical instrument, pianonoun6musicnoununspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π’Όπ’»π“Šπ’·
𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓍𐒰𐒹𐒰bah-KEE-thah-hahtransitive verb1separate two objects by pushing against them with the end of a stick, spear, knife, etc.2push apart two objects with a stick or polecfπ“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼𐒻𐓍𐒰𐒹𐒰
𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓐𐒷BAH-gee-xehtransitive verb1cut all around a piece of wood once, with a knife, making an indentation2cut or saw a long line across the grainunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2
𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐓂bah-k'OHunspec. var.𐓄𐒰𐒼'π“‚Ν˜1dig (e.g., a grave)transitive verb2stoop over (a little)intransitive verbcf𐒼'π’·π“„π’°π“Š'π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“Š'𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐓄𐒰𐒼𐓂𐒼𐒷bah-KOH-geharch. var.π“„π’°π’Όπ“Žπ’Όπ’·transitive verb1make a hollow sound or reverberation by pushing at the ground, a wall, floor, box, etc.unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒼𐓂𐒼𐒷
π“„π’°π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·bah-GOH-dseharch. var.π“„π’°π’Όπ“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1probe, as a bone, for marrowunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·1bah-KSHEEⁿ-dsehtransitive verb1spear or push at an object, and miss it, because the weapon glides by, or on account of the dodging of the person or animal2scrape a hide with a knife after the removal of the hair3dress pine boards, etc.cfπ’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·
π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·2BAH-ksheeⁿ-dsehtransitive verb1fail in cutting with a knife, because the latter slips by the object, without touching it, or because the object eludes the blowcfπ’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·
𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒰𐓇𐒰bah-LAH-shaharch. var.𐓄𐒰𐒼𐓍𐒰𐓇𐒰transitive verb1turn the soil over, root up the ground, as hogs dounspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°1BAH-lahⁿ-thaharch. var.π“„π’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’°1transitive verb1fail in cutting or sawing, missing the object2make a mistake in cutting with a knife, or in sawingcfπ“„π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“„π’»π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“„π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“π“Žπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°
π“„π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°2bah-LAHⁿ-thaharch. var.π“„π’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’°2transitive verb1push at an object, and miss doing what was intended2thrust at a foe, and miss him, because of his dodgingcfπ“„π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“„π’»π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“„π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“π“Žπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°
𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷BAH-leh-geh1shatter by cutting or using a sharp edgetransitive verb2hatchintransitive verbcf𐒼𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π’Ώπ’·π’Όπ’·π“π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷1bah-LEH-zehBAH-leh-zehtransitive verb1make an object striped by writing, pushing, etc.2write in lines, as in a book3write something or make one's mark upon something4vote5vote for or against something or someoneMost verbs using instrumental prefixes have the stress on the second syllable in their base forms (third-person singular). However, this entry either has a second pronunciation variant that has stress on the first syllable, or simply only has stress on the first syllable.cf𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷2BAH-leh-zeharch. var.𐓄𐒰𐒼𐓍𐒷𐓒𐒷2transitive verb1cut stripes or rows on wood with a knifecf𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷BAH-leh-zheharch. var.𐓄𐒰𐒼𐓍𐒷𐓓𐒷1transitive verb1make an object spotted by cutting with a knife, or by sawingcf𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷2bah-LEH-zheharch. var.𐓄𐒰𐒼𐓍𐒷𐓓𐒷2transitive verb1make an object spotted by writing, sewing, or by pushing it with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against itcf𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷
π“„π’°π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜bah-LOHⁿ-theeⁿunspec. var.𐓄𐒰𐒿𐓃arch. var.π“„π’°π’Όπ“π“ŽΝ˜π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π’Όπ“π“ŽΝ˜π“π’»Ν˜transitive verb1enrage or make furious by pushing at with a stick, etc., held firmly against the person or animalunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜
π“„π’°π’Ώπ“ŽBAH-lΓΌarch. var.π“„π’°π’Όπ“π“Žtransitive verb1shell off grains of green corn by cutting them with a knifecfπ“„π’°π“‡π“„π“Ž2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2
π“„π’°π“€π’°Ν˜bah-MAHⁿtransitive verb1file2remove the outer skins or bran from grains of corn which have been boiled in lye, by rubbing them3grate, as a nutmeg4push an axe on a motionless grindstone5sharpen a scythe, by pushing the hone or rasp first along one side, then along the othercf𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒰2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»bah-MAHⁿ-sheeunspec. var.𐓄𐒰𐓀𐒰𐓇𐒻transitive verb1lift, hold up (e.g., a picture in front of a group of people in an auditorium)2raise (e.g., a flag or a window)3raise any object by pushing it with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against itcfπ“π“Žπ“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»
π“„π’°π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’» 𐓍𐒷𐓍𐒷bah-MAHⁿ-shee THEH-thehtransitive verb1raise any object by pushing it with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against it, with the idea of sudden action, and sending the object further away than would otherwise be done with bamaⁿshi aloneThis entry is composed of more than one word. EVERY word must be conjugated as needed.unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’°π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»π“π’·π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒰𐓍𐒷-𐓍𐒷
π“„π’°π“π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·bah-NEE-lohⁿ-zeharch. var.π“„π’°π“π’»π’Όπ“π“ŽΝ˜π“’π’·transitive verb1make mud soft or miry by pushing a stick into it for some timeunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·
𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷BAH-bah-BAH-xehtransitive verb1cut a rope, cord, etc., in pieces with a knife (blade)This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷1BAH-bah-xehtransitive verb1cut a cord or a rope with a knife2cut a cord or rope once with a knife (blade)This instrumental prefix is one of three (ba- (cutting motion), bo- (force), and da- (extreme temperature)) that has stress if it is the first syllable of a word. Noting this can be helpful since ba- can be confused with other instrumental prefixes that are spelled the same (e.g., ba- (by pushing)), but have stress on the following syllable.cf𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“„π’°π“π’·π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒻𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷2bah-BAH-xehtransitive verb1break or cut a rope or cord, with the point of a knife or stick held firmly against itcf𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“„π’°π“π’·π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒻𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
π“„π’°π“„π’·π“†π’»Ν˜bah-BEH-seeⁿtransitive verb1turn the edge of any sharp tool by thrusting it against any hard objectunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“„π’·π“‡π’»Ν˜1BAH-beh-sheeⁿtransitive verb1bend a knife-blade by cutting with itcfπ“„π’°π“„π’·π“‡π’»Ν˜2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2
π“„π’°π“„π’·π“‡π’»Ν˜2bah-BEH-sheeⁿtransitive verb1bend any flat object, as a knife-point, by pushing with itcfπ“„π’°π“„π’·π“‡π’»Ν˜1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓂bah-BOHunspec. var.π“„π’°π“„π“Žintransitive verb1sink2lower3go down (e.g., the sun when setting)4down-hill5over the edge of a bluff
𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷bah-PXOH-keharch. var.π“„π’°π“„π“π“Žπ’Όπ’·transitive verb1make the ground give forth a deadened sound by thrusting at it2stab a person or animal, running the knife or spear to the hilt, making a thudcf𐒼𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π“π“‚π’Όπ’·π“π’°Ν˜π“„π“π“‚π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒰𐓆𐒰bah-SAH-sahtransitive verb1dice by cutting over and overcut repeatedly by pushing down onThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓆𐒷
π“„π’°π“†π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»BAH-sahⁿ-dseenoun1north
𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒰𐓍𐓂bah-SAH-thoharch. var.π“„π’°π“†π’°π“π“Žtransitive verb1make rattle, by pushing against, as the tail of a rattlesnakeunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷1bah-SEHtransitive verb1cut up (e.g., meat or potatoes)2cut into pieces (e.g., a cake)3cut off by using a pushing motion4break, as bread, or meat, by pushing against it with the end of a stick, etc., or a knife pointcf𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π“†π’·π“π“Žπ“†π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓆𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷2BAH-sehtransitive verb1cut with a sharp edge2cut hair with a knife3cut bread, meat, clothing, sticks, etc., with a knifecf𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π“†π’·π“π“Žπ“†π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓆𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒻𐒼𐒷bah-SEE-gehBAH-see-gehunspec. var.π“„π’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·1push or thrust at something and cause pieces to fly out in all directionstransitive verb2splattertransitive verb3splatterintransitive verb4spraytransitive verb5sprayintransitive verb6splashtransitive verb7splashintransitive verb8squirttransitive verb9squirtintransitive verb10splintertransitive verb11splinterintransitive verb12cause to fly out into piecestransitive verb13fly out in piecesintransitive verbMost verbs using instrumental prefixes have the stress on the second syllable in their base forms (third-person singular). However, this entry either has a second pronunciation variant that has stress on the first syllable, or simply only has stress on the first syllable.cf𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π’°Ν˜π“†π’»π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰bah-SGAH-hahtransitive verb1thrust a stick, etc., into mudcf𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰4
𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒷bah-SGAH-behtransitive verb1thrust a stick, etc., once into mud, etc.cf𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰4unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷bah-SGEH-behtransitive verb1scrape by pushing with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against the objectcf𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“†π’Όπ“Žπ’Ήπ’°BAH-skoo-hahbah-SKOO-hahadverb1alongside2beside3adjacent4parallel (to)
𐓄𐒰𐓆𐓂𐓏𐒷bah-SOH-weharch. var.π“„π’°π“†π“Žπ“π’·transitive verb1make corn rattle by pushing the ears into a bag2make rattle by pushing, as the tail of a rattlesnake3make ice, etc., give a crunching sound, by pushing at itunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓆𐓂𐓏𐒷
π“„π’°π“†π“„π’°Ν˜bah-SPAHⁿtransitive verb1touch with the fingers2nudge3punch4push one with the end of a stick, etc., held against him, so as to attract his attentioncfπ“„π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·1BAH-stseh-gehtransitive verb1gash the skin, etc., once by drawing a knife over itcfπ’Όπ’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2
π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·2bah-STSEH-gehtransitive verb1slit or gash the skin by pushing the hand, etc., against a splinter, or by pushing a stick lengthwise along the hand, without penetrating the fleshcfπ’Όπ’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·BAH-stseh-stseh-gehtransitive verb1gash the skin, clothing, etc., repeatedly by drawing a knife over the objectThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfπ’Όπ’°π“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“Žπ“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2
π“„π’°π“†π“Ž1pah-SOOpah-SÜnoun1tip or point of an object
π“„π’°π“†π“Ž2BAH-sΓΌnoun1hail
𐓄𐒰𐓇𐒰𐓍𐓂bah-SHAH-thoharch. var.π“„π’°π“‡π’°π“π“Žtransitive verb1make a splashing sound by thrusting into watercfπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π“π“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“‡π’Όπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·bah-SHGOH-shgoh-dseharch. var.π“„π’°π“‡π’Όπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1make many dents or depressions in wood, the ground, etc., by pushing very rapidly, as hogs do in rooting up the groundThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“‡π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·
π“„π’°π“‡π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·bah-SHGOH-dseharch. var.π“„π’°π“‡π’Όπ“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1indent in a single place, as wood or the ground, as when the latter is rooted up by a hogunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“‡π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·
π“„π’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·bah-SHOHⁿ-keharch. var.π“„π’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜π’Όπ’·transitive verb1bruise fine, crush to powder by pushing (with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against the object)2root up the ground, as hogs doDorsey notes that this act of crushing is done after baxuxe, which is the initial breaking of a small or thin object, requiring little force (such as a pecan).cfπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°bah-SHOHⁿ-thaharch. var.π“„π’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜π“π’°transitive verb1push the end of a stick, etc., against a vessel causing some of its contents to be spilt, without upsetting the vesselcfπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“π’°
𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒰BAH-shpah-shpahtransitive verb1cut, as meat, in small pieces with a knifeThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓇𐓄𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷2bah-SHPEHtransitive verb1punch or saw off a piece of an object: referring to what was never stuck on, but was always part of the object2push a piece out of the edge of an object, by holding the end of a stick, etc., firmly against itcf𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷3unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓇𐓄𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*𐓇𐓄𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*π“‡π“„π’·π“π“Žπ“‡π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓇𐓄𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷3BAH-shpehtransitive verb1detach a piece from the surface of an object by cutting2cut off the skin, and some of the potato before it is cookedcf𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓇𐓄𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*𐓇𐓄𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*π“‡π“„π’·π“π“Žπ“‡π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓇𐓄𐒷
π“„π’°π“‡π“„π“Ž1bah-SHPOObah-SHPÜunspec. var.𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷1noun1cut corn2fresh corn cut off the cobcfπ“„π’°π“‡π“„π“Ž2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“π“Žπ“‡π“„π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“‡π“„π“Ž2BAH-shpΓΌtransitive verb1shell off grains of green corn by cutting them with a knifecfπ“„π’°π’Ώπ“Žunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“„π’°π“‡π“„π“Ž1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“‡π“„π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2
π“„π’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°bah-SHDAH-hah1make smooth by planingtransitive verb2to be swollen till free from wrinkles, or till smoothcfπ“„π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Ž-1π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°
π“„π’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·bah-SHDAH-dsehtransitive verb1thrust the hand, a knife point, or the end of a stick, pitchfork, etc., under an object, so as to lift it quickly and throw it off2play ball with the tabesucfπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’·π“†π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“‡π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°bah-SHDOHⁿ-kaharch. var.π“„π’°π“‡π“ˆπ“ŽΝ˜π’Όπ’°transitive verb1soften by pushing on2thrust a stick, etc., into a hole at a soft object, as at an animal covered with hair, or to see if the soft object is thereunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“‡π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°PAH-dahnoun1egg2egg (of any sort)
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1BAH-dahⁿ1when2andDorsey notes that for this term, "It often connects verbs in the pl., but sometimes it refers to the 3rd. sing."
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2bah-DAHⁿtransitive verb1push off or awaycfπ“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’° π“π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·PAH-dah NEE-lohⁿ-zehnoun1scrambled eggsunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’° π“‚π’Ώπ’»Ν˜PAH-dah oh-LEEⁿnoun1womb of an animalunspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’° π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°PAH-dah XOO-hahnoun1eggshell (the shell of an egg of any kind)unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’° π““π’·π’Ώπ’°Ν˜PAH-dah ZHEH-lahⁿarch. var.π“„π’°π“ˆπ’° π““π’·π’Όπ“π“‚Ν˜noun1omletteunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π““π’·π’Ώπ’°Ν˜
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜bah-DAHⁿ-hahⁿtransitive verb1dull by pushing, as the horns of an oxunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·bah-DAH-kah-dsehadjective1be hot all over, as when one has a feverunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°BAH-dah-pahtransitive verb1cut an object round: refers to cutting out lariats from a buffalo hide, as the knife is drawn around repeatedly, beginning at the outer edge, and gradually nearing the centerunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π“†π’Όπ’°PAH-dah-sgahnoun1egg whitewhite of eggunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π“†π’Όπ’°1
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰1BAH-dah-ts'eh-gahtransitive verb1cut fresh meat thin that it may soon dry2make cornstalks wither by cutting with a knifecfπ“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰2bah-DAH-ts'eh-gahtransitive verb1benumb by pushing with a stick held firmly against the limbcfπ“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’»PAH-dah-zeenoun1egg yolkyellow of eggunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’»
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π““π’·1bah-DAH-zhehtransitive verb1blister, as the hands, by pushing or punching with the end of a stick, etc.unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π““π’·2bah-DAH-zhehverb1puffed up2inflated3swollenπ“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π““π’· π“π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°He was swollen up to this size.
π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π““π’»bah-DAH-zheetransitive verb1extinguish a fire by pushing with the end of a stick, etc.unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“ˆπ’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“„π’°π“ˆπ“‚π““π’·bah-DOH-zheharch. var.π“„π’°π“ˆπ“Žπ““π’·transitive verb1pierce a sore, and let out the pus or waterunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“ˆπ“‚π““π’·
π“„π’°π“Šπ’°π’Όπ’»bah-TSAH-keetransitive verb1thrust a stick into mud holes, containing water, which flies out with a "swish!"unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“Šπ’·1BAH-dsehbah-DSEHnoun1boat2canoe
π“„π’°π“Šπ’·2bah-TSEHtransitive verb1sewunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“Šπ’·3bah-TSEHnoun1a clump of young trees springing from a common root
π“„π’°π“Šπ’· π“„π’·π“Šπ’·bah-DSEH PEH-dsehnoun1steamboatfire boat
π“„π’°π“Šπ’· π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°bah-DSEH ZHEEⁿ-kahnoun1pirogue2small boatunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’°π“Šπ’·1π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“„π’°π“Š'π’»Ν˜bah-ts'EEⁿunspec. var.π“„π’°π“Š'𐒻1stoop over (as to touch one's toes)intransitive verb2bend downintransitive verb3crookedadjectivecf𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“„π’°π“Š'𐓂
π“„π’°π“Šπ’»π“Šπ’»π““π’·bah-TSEE-tsee-zhehtransitive verb1crawl, as a snake does, making crackling sounds as it moves over twigsunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“Šπ’»π““π’·2
π“„π’°π“Šπ’»π“’π’·bah-DSEE-zehtransitive verb1move an object by pushing it with a stick, etc.cfπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π“’π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“Š'𐓂bah-ts'OHintransitive verb1stoop overcf𐓄𐒰𐒼'𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“„π’°π“Š'π’»Ν˜
π“„π’°π“Šπ“Žπ“π’°bah-DSÜ-thahtransitive verb1wear small holes in clothing, etc., by planing, pushing with a stick, etc.unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐓄𐒰𐓍𐒷bah-THEHBAH-thehnoun1winter
π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜PAH-theeⁿunspec. var.𐓄𐒲noun1Pawnee2Pawnee (tribe or tribal member)3Kiowa (tribe or tribal member)4western tribe or tribal member (refers to any tribe from the western United States)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·bah-THEEⁿ-kehtransitive verb1root up clean, as hogs do2punch with a sharp-pointed stick, or to write with a sharp-pointed pencil till its point becomes worn downunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·1
π“„π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°bah-THEE-tahadjective1last
𐓄𐒰𐓍𐓂BAH-thohunspec. var.π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜arch. var.π“„π’°π“π“Žnoun1locust2tree-locust3insect
π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°1BAH-thohⁿ-bah-haharch. var.π“„π’°π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°1transitive verb1separate two objects by cutting them apart with a knifecfπ“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°2
π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°2bah-THOHⁿ-baharch. var.π“„π’°π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°2transitive verb1make two objects separate by pushing at them with a stick, or knife point, held firmly against themcf𐓄𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓍𐒰𐒹𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π’Όπ’»π“π’°π’Ήπ’°π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°2
𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒰1bah-XAH-gahtransitive verb1make a hide soft by pushingunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒰2bah-XAH-gahtransitive verb1make rough by pushing2filecfπ“„π’°π“€π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒰
𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒰𐓏𐒰bah-XAH-wahtransitive verb1bare, as the arm, by pushing up the sleevecfπ“π“Žπ“π’°π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-𐓐𐒰𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓐𐒰𐓏𐒰
𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷BAH-xehadjective1broken or cut cord, rope, or string
𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒻bah-XEEtransitive verb1push to awaken or make active2activate by pushing onunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°PAH-xeeⁿ-nahⁿ-TAHnoun1omentum2caul
π“„π’°π“π’»π“Šπ’·bah-XEE-dsehunspec. var.π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·intransitive verb1sweat2perspire
𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1bah-XOHarch. var.π“„π’°π“π“Žnoun1hill2bluff3high hill4mountain5ridge6corner𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂 π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°four-cornered7angleQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 191) that this term is "rare." Dorsey notes on his vocabulary slip for this term that it is a "modern word."cf𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒷
π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜bah-XOHⁿarch. var.π“„π’°π“π“ŽΝ˜transitive verb1break a long object by pushing2break off by pushing (e.g., a limb)3break off a branch, etc., by pushing with a stick, etc.cfπ’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜
𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂 π“„π’°π“†π“Žbah-XOH pah-SÜarch. var.π“„π’°π“π“Ž π“„π’°π“†π“Žnoun1sharp peakunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π“„π’°π“†π“Ž1
𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂 π“„π’°π“†π“Žπ“†π“Žbah-XOH pah-SÜ-sΓΌarch. var.π“„π’°π“π“Ž π“„π’°π“†π“Žπ“†π“Žnoun1succession of sharp peaks2chain or range of hillsThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π“„π’°π“†π“Ž1
𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂 π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°bah-XOH DOH-baharch. var.π“„π’°π“π“Ž π“ˆπ“Žπ“„π’°adjective1four corneredunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°1
π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·BAH-xoh-dsehnoun1Ioway or Iowa Indians (a tribe living in Nebraska, Kansas, and Oklahoma and in earlier days in Iowa)gray snowcf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·
𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂𐓏𐒷bah-XOH-wehunspec. var.𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂2𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂𐒷arch. var.π“„π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·transitive verb1push along2push someone or something steadily (making the person or object move along)3make an object, as a book on a table, slide or slip along by pushing it4make the sound heard when one slides or pushes a book, etc., along on a table, etc., or when one scrapes a hideMost verbs using instrumental prefixes have the stress on the second syllable in their base forms (third-person singular). However, this entry either has a second pronunciation variant that has stress on the first syllable, or simply only has stress on the first syllable.unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓐𐓂𐓏𐒷
π“„π’°π“π“ˆπ’°Ν˜bah-XTAHⁿtransitive verb1push or thrust the end of a stick, etc., against a barrel or other vessel containing a liquid, forcing it over, and spilling its contentsunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“π“Šπ’·bah-XTSEHtransitive verb1tie up into a bundle or sheafunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·bah-XÜ-xehtransitive verb1break by pushing, as any small or thin object, requiring little force, as a pecan nutcfπ’Όπ’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“Žπ“π’·π“„π’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“π’·
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷1bah-ZEHnoun1breast2udder3mamma or female breast
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷2PAH-zehnoun1evening2latter part of the afternoon, near sunset
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷 π’Ήπ“ŽBAH-zeh HOOnoun1pine wood2pine treeunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“Ž1
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷 π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·bah-ZEH ee-TAH-xehnoun1nipple2teatunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷1π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻bah-ZEH-neenoun1milkbreast liquid OR breast waterunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷1𐓁𐒻1
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻 𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻bah-ZEH-nee sah-GEEnoun1cheesecf𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻 𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻 𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻 𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷1𐓁𐒻1𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻 π“†π’Όπ“Žπ“π’·bah-ZEH-nee SKOO-thehnoun1sweet milkunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷1𐓁𐒻1π“†π’Όπ“Žπ“π’·
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻 𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻bah-ZEH-nee WEH-leenoun1butter2creammilk greaseunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷1𐓁𐒻1𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻 𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻 𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻bah-ZEH-nee WEH-lee sah-GEEnoun1cheesehardened creamcf𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻 𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻 𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐒷𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐓂1bah-ZOHarch. var.π“„π’°π“’π“Žnoun1pokeweedLa Flesche notes (A Dictionary of the Osage Language, page 20) that "This is similar to the Indian poke used as an emetic."Veratrum viride2inedible red berry that grows in the woods
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐓂2BAH-zohnoun1finger2score or point(s) in a game
𐓄𐒰𐓒𐓂 π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜bah-ZOH eh-GOHⁿadjective1maroon2dark red colorresembling berriescfπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’· 𐓄𐒰𐓒𐓂 π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π“„π’°π“’π“‚1π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐓂1π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
𐓄𐒰𐓓𐒰𐒼𐒷1BAH-zhah-gehtransitive verb1enlarge a hole or split by cutting with a knifeunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓓𐒰𐒼𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐓓𐒰𐒼𐒷2bah-ZHAH-gehtransitive verb1enlarge a hole or split by pushing with the end of a stick, etc.unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓓𐒰𐒼𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷1BAH-zhah-behtransitive verb1peel and split with a knife, as fruit, bark, or vegetablesDorsey notes that "This is used when the knife is pulled or drawn towards the agent."cf𐓄𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π““π’°π“„π’·π“π“Žπ““π’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷
𐓄𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷2bah-ZHAH-behtransitive verb1scrape off by thrusting, as the hair and skin of an animal, when an ox gores it2scrape off the flesh, as a splinter does when stuck into it3peel or pare, as a potato, by pushing the knife from the agent4cut off the skin or bark, by pushing the knife from himcf𐓄𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π““π’°π“„π’·π“π“Žπ““π’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷
π“„π’°π““π’°π“ˆπ’°1BAH-zhah-tahtransitive verb1brand hogs, etc., as white men do, by cutting out the tip of each ear, leaving it forkedDorsey notes that "This is not done by Indians."cfπ“„π’°π““π’°π“ˆπ’°2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π““π’°π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π““π’°π“ˆπ’°
π“„π’°π““π’°π“ˆπ’°2bah-ZHAH-tahtransitive verb1make an object forked by pushing with the end of a stick, etc., held firmly against the objectcfπ“„π’°π““π’°π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π““π’°π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π““π’°π“ˆπ’°
𐓄𐒰𐓓𐒻bah-ZHEEtransitive verb1make furious or crazy with pain by stabbingunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π““π’»Ν˜bah-ZHEEⁿtransitive verb1push into a hole with a pole, knife, etc., as at a raccoon2push at a person, or animal, in order to attract attentioncfπ“„π’°π“†π“„π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
π“„π’°π““π“Žπ““π’· π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·pah-ZHÜ-zheh ee-TAH-xehnoun1tip of the nosecf𐓄𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·
𐓄𐒷1beh1positional article for a plural entity in nonrandom arrangementcf𐒼𐒷2𐒼𐓇𐒷𐓄𐒰4π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
𐓄𐒷2beh1springtimenoun2springnoun3be springintransitive verb
𐓄𐒷3beh1who2who?3whom4to who(m)5whose turn?6anybody7anyone8nobody9no one
𐓄𐒷4pehnoun1forehead
𐓄𐒷 π’»π“ˆπ’°BEH EE-tah1whose'who owns [it]?' or 'to whom does it belong?'unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒷3π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°
𐓄𐒷 𐓍𐒰𐒹𐒰BEH thah-hahnoun1diamonds (suit in a deck of cards)cfπ’Ήπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜π“†π’»π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒻1π“Š'𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’·π’°π““π’»π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2
π“„π’·π“†π’°Ν˜beh-SAHⁿtransitive verb1fold an object nicely
𐓄𐒷𐓇𐒼𐒻BEH-shgee1everybody2nobody3anybody
π“„π’·π“Šπ’·PEH-dsehnoun1fire
π“„π’·π“Šπ’· π““π’°Ν˜PEH-dseh zhahⁿnoun1firewoodunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’·π“Šπ’·π““π’°Ν˜2
π“„π’·π“Šπ’·π“π’»PEH-dseh-neenoun1liquor2whiskeyfire waterunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’·π“Šπ’·π“π’»1
π“„π’·π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°PEH-thohⁿ-bahunspec. var.π“„π’·π’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“„π’·π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π“„π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“„π’°adjective1seven
𐓄𐒷𐓐𐒷PEH-xehnoun1gourd2gourd rattle
𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒷PEH-zhehnoun1weed2weeds3sage4sage bush5sagebrush6grass7hay
𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒷 π’΄π’°Ν˜ π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜PEH-zheh brahⁿ THAH-leeⁿnoun1sweet-smelling grass
𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒷 π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°PEH-zheh mahⁿ-KAHnoun1teaweed medicinecf𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒷𐓁𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒷𐓁𐒻1unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’·π““π’·π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1
𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒷𐓁𐒻PEH-zheh-neenoun1teaweed-watercf𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒷 π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’·π““π’·π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒷𐓁𐒻1
𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒷𐓁𐒻 π“π’°Ν˜π“π’· π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜PEH-zheh-nee NAHⁿ-xeh oh-LAHⁿnoun1iced teaweed-water with ice put inunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒷𐓁𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒷𐓁𐒻1π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-
π“„π’·π““π’·π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚PEH-zheh-TOH-hohnoun1lettuceunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π’·π““π’·π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚
π“„π’»π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜bee-HOH-tahⁿtransitive verb1blowing a wind instrumentunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-unspec. var. ofπ“„π“Ž-1π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
𐓄𐒻𐒼𐒻𐒼'π“‚Ν˜PEE-gee-k'ohⁿtransitive verb1repeat and try again after failing to make repairs on worn clothing or broken toolsThe standard conjugation is done after the pi.To date, only three terms use "pi." This term is used more frequently in related langauges such as Ponca and Otoe-Missouria. The idea of "pi" refers to "good" in those languages, and the usage here seems to approximate that idea.
π“„π’»π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°bee-LAHⁿ-thahtransitive verb1missing hold of a rabbit which is pressed to the groundcfπ“„π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“„π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“„π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“π“Žπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-unspec. var. ofπ“„π“Ž-1*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°
π“„π’»π“‚Ν˜PEE-ohⁿtransitive verb1know how to do something2learn3be skilled at or expert in4know how to do or make anything correctly5expert6skillfulTo date, only three terms use "pi." This term is used more frequently in related langauges such as Ponca and Otoe-Missouria. The idea of "pi" refers to "good" in those languages, and the usage here seems to approximate that idea.unspec. comp. form ofπ“‚Ν˜2
π“„π’»π“ˆπ’°π““π’»bee-DAH-zheetransitive verb1extinguish2cause to become extinctcfπ“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“ˆπ’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-unspec. var. ofπ“„π“Ž-1π“ˆπ’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“„π’»π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°bee-TSEH-gahtransitive verb1polish2make brightunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-unspec. var. ofπ“„π“Ž-1π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°
π“„π’»π“Šπ“Žπ“π’°bee-DSOO-thahbee-DSÜ-thahtransitive verb1wear clothes into shreds, or ragsunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-unspec. var. ofπ“„π“Ž-1π“Šπ“Žπ“π’°
π“„π’»π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·bee-THEEⁿ-keh1wear (something) down to nothingtransitive verb2worn downadjective3threadbareadjectiveunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-unspec. var. ofπ“„π“Ž-1π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·1
π“„π’»π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜bee-THOH-tahⁿtransitive verb1straighten by pressure of the handunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-unspec. var. ofπ“„π“Ž-1π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
𐓄𐒻𐓓𐒻PEE-zheeadjective1bad2awful3evil4wickednot goodTo date, only three terms use "pi." This term is used more frequently in related langauges such as Ponca and Otoe-Missouria. The idea of "pi" refers to "good" in those languages, and the usage here seems to approximate that idea.unspec. comp. form of𐒰𐓓𐒻
𐓄𐓂boharch. var.π“„π“Žnoun1black hawLa Flesche notes, "The fruit of the black haw (Viburnum prunifolium) was used for food by the Osage." Dorsey also notes that the black haw was "eaten by the Osages."Viburnum prunifolium
𐓄𐓂𐒴𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰BOH-brah-sgahtransitive verb1flatten by shootingunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-𐒴𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰
π“„π“‚π’Ήπ“ŽBOH-hΓΌBOH-hooarch. var.π“„π“Žπ’Ήπ“Žnoun1black hawthornunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“‚π’Ήπ“Ž1
π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°POHⁿ-kahnoun1Poncacf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
π“„π“‚π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·BOH-ksheeⁿ-dseharch. var.π“„π“Žπ’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·transitive verb1miss the mark in shooting with a gun or bow, because the missile passes by2fail in trying to wound or kill with an arrow or bulletcfπ’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·
π“„π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°BOH-lahⁿ-thahcont. var.π“„π“‚π’Όπ“π“‚Ν˜π“π’°transitive verb1miss any markcfπ“„π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“„π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“„π’»π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“π“Žπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°
𐓄𐓂𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷BOH-bah-xeharch. var.π“„π“Žπ“„π’°π“π’·transitive verb1break a cord or string in two by shooting or punchingcf𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“„π’°π“π’·π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒻𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
𐓄𐓂𐓆𐒷BOH-seharch. var.π“„π“Žπ“†π’·transitive verb1cut by shootingcf𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π“†π’·π“π“Žπ“†π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*𐓆𐒷
𐓄𐓂𐓆𐒻𐓆𐒻BOH-see-seearch. var.π“„π“Žπ“†π’»π“†π’»noun1pulseLa Flesche notes that this term "refers to the throbbing of the pulse."This term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-
π“„π“‚π“†π“ŽBOH-soonoun1rice
π“„π“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜BOH-shgahⁿtransitive verb1make something move (once) by some sort of forceunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜
π“„π“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜BOH-shgahⁿ-shgahⁿarch. var.π“„π“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜transitive verb1make an object move repeatedly by punching with the end of a stick, or other large object, or by shootingThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜
𐓄𐓂𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷BOH-shgee-geharch. var.π“„π“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’»π’Όπ’·transitive verb1make a slight indentation in wood or an animal, by shooting, without penetrating the objectDorsey notes that for this term, it "refers to the object rather than to the instrument."cf𐓍𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷
𐓄𐓂𐓇𐓄𐒷BOH-shpeharch. var.π“„π“Žπ“‡π“„π’·transitive verb1detach a piece from the surface of an object by shooting or punching2shoot a piece out of a treeEven though La Flesche specifies "tree" in his definition, this term could apply to any object.cf𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓇𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷3unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓇𐓄𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*π“‡π“„π’·π“π“Žπ“‡π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*𐓇𐓄𐒷
π“„π“‚π“ˆπ’°BOH-tahunspec. var.π“„π“Žπ“ˆπ’°adverb1with the head down
π“„π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°BOH-tahⁿ-thahunspec. var.π“„π“‚π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“π’°transitive verb1shoot and send a thing rollingunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°
π“„π“‚π“ˆπ’°π“π’·BOH-tah-theharch. var.π“„π“Žπ“ˆ'𐒰𐓍𐒰transitive verb1shoot off at a tree, etc., making pieces of the bark, etc., fly in various directionsunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-
π“„π“‚π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷BOH-ts'ah-gehunspec. var.π“„π“Žπ“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷transitive verb1fall short of the desired effect, as, to shoot at a man and wound him instead of killing him2fail to act, as a medicinecfπ“π’°π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷
𐓄𐓂𐓍𐒷BOH-thehtransitive verb1winnowunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-
𐓄𐓂𐓐𐓄𐒰BOH-xpaharch. var.π“„π“Žπ“π“„π’°noun1generic name of the woodpeckers, etc.
𐓄𐓂𐓐𐓄𐒰 π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓆𐒼𐒰BOH-xpah NEEⁿ-dseh sgaharch. var.π“„π“Žπ“π“„π’° π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’· 𐓆𐒼𐒰noun1woodpecker with a red head, spotted wings, the rest of the feathers being whitewhite-rumped woodpeckerunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“‚π“π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’°1
𐓄𐓂𐓐𐓄𐒰 π“π“‚π“Šπ’·BOH-xpah XOH-dseharch. var.π“„π“Žπ“π“„π’° π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·noun1woodpecker with a red head, and gray bodyunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“‚π“π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·
𐓄𐓂𐓒𐒰BOH-zaharch. var.π“„π“Žπ“’π’°2transitive verb1stick a stake or stick in the ground2plant a post or posts3plant a post in the groundunspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-
π“„π“‚π“’π’»π“’π’»π“Šπ’·BOH-zee-ZEE-dehverb1shooting upward with a hissing soundThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“’π’»π“Šπ’·
𐓄𐓇𐒷pshehtransitive verb1pound
π“„π“Žπ’Όπ“π’°bΓΌ-KXAHboo-KXAHbyoo-KXAHunspec. var.π“„π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“„π“Žπ“ˆπ“π’°arch. var.𐓄𐒻𐒼𐒰transitive verb1erase, rub out a mark, etc.2rub or wipe to efface3obliterate, erase, clean off or dust off by wiping4efface5erase6obliterate7wipe out8dry by wipingunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Ž-1
π“„π“Žπ“π’»π’°π““π’»bΓΌ-NEE-ah-zheeboo-NEE-ah-zheetransitive verb1smother a personThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Ž-1𐓁𐒻𐒰𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’·bΓΌ-SPEHunspec. var.𐓄𐒻𐓆𐓄𐒷verb1crouch2lurk3lie in wait4hide
π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’· π““π’°Ν˜bΓΌ-SPEH zhahⁿunspec. var.𐓄𐒻𐓆𐓄𐒷 π““π’°Ν˜verb1crouchThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’·π““π’°Ν˜1
π“„π“Žπ“†π“ˆπ“‚π“†π“ˆπ’°1BÜ-sdoh-sdaharch. var.π“„π“Žπ“†π“ˆπ“Žπ“†π“ˆπ’°1noun1blackberry2blackberries
π“„π“Žπ“†π“ˆπ“‚π“†π“ˆπ’°2bΓΌ-SDOH-sdaharch. var.π“„π“Žπ“†π“ˆπ“Žπ“†π“ˆπ’°2transitive verb1mash by pressure, as ripe fruitunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Ž-1
π“„π“Žπ“‡π“‚bΕ±-SHOHboo-SHOHarch. var.π“„π“Žπ“‡π“Žtransitive verb1take off clean2sweep or clear off allunspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Ž-1
π“„π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°bΕ±-SHDAH-hahboo-SHDAH-hahunspec. var.π“„π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°transitive verb1make smooth or polished by rubbing2polish an object3ironThis sense refers to the act of ironing clothing, not the metal.4smooth by pressingcfπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“‡π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Ž-1π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°
π“„π“Žπ“π“‚Ν˜bΓΌ-XOHⁿboo-XOHⁿtransitive verb1break down, as a chair, but not entirely in two, by weight or pressure, as by sitting on it
π“„π“Žπ“’π’°1poo-ZAHnoun1sand
π“„π“Žπ“’π’·BOO-zehBÜ-zehadjective1dry2wither
π“„π“Žπ“’π’·π“π’·BOO-zeh-thehtransitive verb1dry2cause to be drycfπ“π’»π“„π“Žπ“’π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3π“„π“Žπ“’π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Žπ“’π’·-𐓍𐒷
𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷PXOH-keharch. var.π“„π“Žπ’Όπ’·π“„π“π“Žπ’Όπ’·Onomatope1sound word - thud2a dull or deadened sound, made by striking any soft object, or the ground3a thud4popping soundcfπ’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“†π“‚π“π’·π“Šπ’»π““π’·2
𐓆
𐓆𐒰2sahnoun1a tall grass, growing in ponds, to the height of about ten feet, used for mats2rushLa Flesche notes that this rush is "out of which mats are made."Eleocharis interstincta
π“†π’°Ν˜1sahⁿ1plaitedadjective2plaitnoun
𐓆𐒰 𐒴𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰sah BRAH-sgahnoun1a stem-grass, growing about five feet high, in pondsunspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰2𐒴𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰
π“†π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜SAHⁿ-hahⁿunspec. var.π“†π’°Ν˜2adjective1white2whitish3grayish4distant white5a distant white, as distinguished from sga, a near whiteThis term refers to what is white or whitish (even grayish) in the distance. If you were near the object, the term sga (white) would be used. This term describes the effect of viewing a white object from a distance, with the atmosphere (containing dust, smoke, and other impurities) slightly affecting the color.cf𐓆𐒼𐒰1
𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻sah-GEESAH-gee1hardadjective2hard (in texture)adjective3solidadjective4firmadjective5strongadjective6muscularadjective7difficult, hard to do things withadjective8tightadjective9tightlyadverb10fastadverbThe idea of fast here doesn't refer to speed, but rather being rigidly held in place. For example, to be stuck fast.
𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻 𐒹𐓂sah-GEE hohnoun1Sac and Fox (tribe or tribal member)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻
𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻 π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜sah-GEE bah-DAHⁿtransitive verb1push firmly againstThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1
𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰sah-GEE-wahunspec. var.𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐓂noun1Sac and Fox (tribe or tribal member)2Saks or Sacsmake it tightcf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻
π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜sah-GEE-zheeⁿnoun1Sac and Fox (tribe or tribal member)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°sah-GEE-zheeⁿ-kahadjective1slimhard smallunspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“†π’°π’Όπ“ŽSAH-koonoun1watermelon
π“†π’°π’Όπ“Ž π“‡π“Žπ“„π’· 𐓒𐒻SAH-koo SHOO-beh zeenoun1yellow-meated watermelon
𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷SAH-behunspec. var.𐓆𐒱cont. var.𐓆𐒰1adjective1blackcf𐓇𐒰𐓄𐒷1
𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷 𐓓𐒻𐒹𐒻SAH-beh ZHEE-heeadjective1color of walnut woodunspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷𐓓𐒻𐒹𐒻
𐓆𐒰𐓆𐒷SAH-sehnoun1shavings2cuttingsThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of*𐓆𐒷
π“†π’°π“ˆπ’°1SAH-dahadjective1straightened out2stiff3rigid4stiffened5stiff-jointed
π“†π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜SAH-tahⁿunspec. var.π“†π’°π“ˆπ’°2adjective1fiveπ“ˆπ“‚π““π“Ž π“†π’°π“ˆπ’°Λ™ 𐒰𐒴𐒻˙.I have five meat pies.
𐓆𐒻seenoun1foot2feet
π“†π’»π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜SEE-eh-gohⁿnoun1meat piefoot-likeQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 200) that the idea of "foot" in this term is "referring to the shape of the traditional meat pie," and that this term is "Especially used in the Grayhorse district."cfπ“ˆπ“‚π““π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°1π“‚π““π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°SEEⁿ-kahnoun1squirrel2red squirrel3reddish-gray squirrel, or fox squirrel, common in Dakota, Nebraska, etc.cfπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π“„π’·π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓒𐒻𐒹𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“’π’»π’Ήπ’»
π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷SEEⁿ-kah SAH-behnoun1black squirrelcfπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓒𐒻𐒹𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“’π’»π’Ήπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π“„π’·
π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° π“π“‚π“Šπ’·SEEⁿ-kah XOH-dsehunspec. var.π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·noun1gray squirrelcfπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π“„π’·π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓒𐒻𐒹𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“’π’»π’Ήπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·
π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓒𐒻𐒹𐒻SEEⁿ-kah ZEE-heenoun1yellow (?) or yellowish squirrelcfπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π“„π’·π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“’π’»π’Ήπ’»unspec. comp. form of𐓒𐒻
𐓆𐒻𐒼𐒷SEE-gehnoun1third daughter2the third daughter (special kinship term)cfπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐓆𐒻𐒿𐒷SEE-lehunspec. var.𐓆𐒻𐒼𐓍𐒷noun1footprints2trail3tracksunspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒻
π“†π’»π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·see-NOHⁿ-brehunspec. var.π“†π’»π“π“ƒπ’΄π’»Ν˜noun1kidney (human or animal)
𐓆𐒻𐓂𐓆𐒼𐒻SEE-oh-skeeunspec. var.𐓆𐒻𐓂𐓆𐒼𐒷noun1arch of the footcf𐓂𐓆𐒼𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒻𐓂𐓆𐒼𐒻
𐓆𐒻𐓄𐓂see-POHnoun1toeunspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒻
π“†π’»π“„π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜see-POH-tahⁿnoun1big toeunspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒻𐓄𐓂unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π“†π’»π“„π“‚π““π’»Ν˜see-POH-zheeⁿnoun1any toe or toes other than the big toeunspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒻𐓄𐓂unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“†π’»π“†π’»π’°Ν˜π“π’·SEE-see-ahⁿ-thehunspec. var.π“†π’»π“†π’°Ν˜π“π’·intransitive verb1seesaw2make a back and forth movement (as when riding a teeter-totter)3wobble or teeter (e.g., a glass when jarred or bumped)
π“†π’»Ν˜π“‡π“ˆπ’°SEEⁿ-shdahnoun1possumThis variant form is used more often than its full form.unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°cont. var. ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“‡π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°
π“†π’»π“ˆπ“ƒsee-DOHⁿ-eeⁿarch. var.π“†π’»π“ˆπ“‚π“Šπ’»π“†π’»π“ˆπ“Žπ“Šπ’»noun1yesterdayThis variant form is used more often than its full form.
π“†π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·SEEⁿ-dsehnoun1tail2animal's tail, part of Osage dance costume3tail dancer at Osage War Dances4last part of a dance song5lock of hair
π“†π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“‡π“ˆπ’°SEEⁿ-dseh-shdahcont. var.π“†π’»Ν˜π’·π“†π“ˆπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π“‡π“ˆπ’°noun1opossumsmooth tailWhile this is the full and/or main version of this term, its variant (usually contracted) is used more often.unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°
π“†π’»π“π’·π“Šπ’·SEE-theh-dsehnoun1heelunspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒻
𐓆𐒻𐓒𐓂SEE-zohunspec. var.π“†π’»π““π“Žnoun1thigh2thighscf𐓓𐒷𐒼𐒰
𐓆𐒼𐒰1sgahadjective1white2white, referring to what is near and distinct, as distinguished from what is saⁿhaⁿcfπ“†π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜
𐓆𐒼𐒰2sgah1may2might3sign of possibility4it must be that5it seems that6I suppose that7I guess that8perhaps9I deduce thatQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 201) that this term is an "Impersonal suppositional particle; sometimes implies that the event took place previously, and can then be loosely translated 'before, previously, earlier, already.'"
𐓆𐒼𐒰 𐒷𐓍𐒷SGAH eh-THEHverb1hopeThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.
𐓆𐒼𐒰 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷SGAH GAH-xehtransitive verb1whitenmake whiteThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒼𐒰1𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷1
𐓆𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰SGAH-hahunspec. var.𐓆𐒼𐒰3𐓆𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒷1brightadjective2clearadjective3clearlyadverb𐒻𐒷 𐓆𐒼𐒰.Speak clearly.
𐓆𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰SGAH-sgahadjective1white here and there2white in spots or stripesThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."
π“†π’Όπ“Žπ“π’·SGOO-thehfr. var.π“†π’Όπ“Žπ’·unspec. var.π“†π’Όπ“Žadjective1sweet
𐓆𐓂𐓏𐒷soh-WEHarch. var.π“†π“Žπ“π’·Onomatope1give forth a crackling sound, as ice does when thrust atcfπ’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π“π“‚π’Όπ’·π“‡π“‚π“π’·π“Šπ’»π““π’·2
π“†π“ˆπ’°sdahadjective1smooth2clear3bald
π“†π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ“‚SDAH-gohadjective1neat2uniformThis sense does not refer to clothing.3level4smooth5even6straight7nice-looking
π“†π“ˆπ“‚π“π’·SDOH-wehverb1run, flow or emerge from (as a liquid)
π“†π“ˆπ“Žπ“†π“ˆπ’°SDOO-sdahadjective1cylindrical and upright, as a fire extinguisher, ink stand, stove pipe, etc.2elliptical3gibbous, as the moon
π“†π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·SDSEH-dsehunspec. var.π“†π“ˆπ’·π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’·cont. var.π“†π“Šπ’·adjective1long2tall
π“†π“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·SDSOO-dsehunspec. var.π“‡π“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·1adjective1slow
π“†π“Ž1soonoun1seedcfπ“‚π“†π“Ž
π“†π“Ž2sooverb1slit, as a hide, by drawing the knife along it
π“†π“Žπ’Ήπ“ŽSÜ-hΓΌnoun1legs of a birdunspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ“Ž1
π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°SOO-kahnoun1chicken
π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π’Ήπ’»Ν˜SOO-kah heeⁿnoun1chicken feathersunspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2
π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π’Ήπ“Žπ’Όπ’°SOO-kah HOO-kahnoun1needleunspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π’Ήπ“Žπ’Όπ’°
π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° 𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷SOO-kah LEH-zehnoun1guinea henstriped chickenunspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π’Ώπ’·π“’π’·
π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°SOO-kah MEEⁿ-kahSÜ-kah MEEⁿ-kahnoun1hencfπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°2unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°1
π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·SOO-kah oh-THEEⁿ-kehnoun1hawkcatches chickenscfπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’°π’Ώπ’·π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻SOO-kah sah-GEEnoun1banty (bantam chicken)unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’»
π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°SOO-kah TAHⁿ-kahSÜ-kah TAHⁿ-kahnoun1male of the larger variety of the wild turkeyDorsey notes that, "Its tuft of hair on the chest is about six inches long."cfπ’Ήπ’»Ν˜ π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’»Ν˜2π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°SOO-kah DOH-gahSÜ-kah DOH-gahunspec. var.π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“ˆπ“Žπ’Όπ’°noun1rooster2cock or roostercfπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°2
π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜SOO-kah-tahⁿnoun1turkeybig chickenunspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’°SOO-kah-tahⁿ HAHⁿ-bahnoun1Thanksgiving Dayturkey dayunspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“„π’°
𐓇
π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜shah-HAHⁿnoun1Lakotacf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷1SHAH-gehnoun1hand2hands3paw4paws5claw6claws7talons8handprint9footprint10tracks11hands of the body that are touched by the attendees when passing by it at a funeral12fingerThis term is used much more frequently in modern Osage to express hand than noⁿbe is.cfπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·1𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷𐒹𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷1𐒹𐒰1
𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷2SHAH-gehnoun1Cherokeecf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷𐒹𐒰SHAH-geh-hahnoun1fingernails2claws of a bird, etc.cf𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒰𐒼𐒷1𐒹𐒰1
𐓇𐒰𐒿𐒰𐒼𐒻SHAH-lah-geeunspec. var.𐓇𐒰𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷noun1Cherokee (tribe or tribal member)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
𐓇𐒰𐓄𐒷1SHAH-behadjective1dark (in color)2shaded3darkenedcf𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷
𐓇𐒰𐓄𐒷2SHAH-pehadjective1six
𐓇𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻shah-THAH-neenoun1Cheyennecf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜SHAH-wah-neeⁿnoun1Shawnee (tribe or tribal member)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
𐓇𐒷1shehadjective1that (near you)cf𐒼𐒰𐓍𐒷2
𐓇𐒷2shehunspec. var.𐓇𐒻11here near youadverb2there near youadverb3there (closer to the hearer than to the speaker)adverb4him/her/it (closer to the hearer than to the speaker)pronoun5thatpronoun6that one near youpronouncf𐒼𐒰
𐓇𐒷 π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°SHEH TAH-hahadverb1toward you2along a path toward where you (the hearer) are or toward something or someone closer to you (the hearer) than to the speakerunspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°1
𐓇𐒷 π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜SHEH txahⁿunspec. var.𐓇𐒷 π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’· π“ˆπ’Όπ“π’°Ν˜pronoun1that one standing (animate)cf𐓇𐒷 π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2π“Šπ’·1𐓇𐒷 𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2𐓍𐒷1π“π’·π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
𐓇𐒷 π“Šπ’·SHEH tsehpronoun1that one standing (inanimate)2those things (sitting or round items)cf𐓇𐒷 π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’· 𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2𐓍𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2π“Šπ’·1
𐓇𐒷 𐓍𐒷SHEH thehpronoun1that one moving (animate or inanimate)cf𐓇𐒷 π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’· π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2𐓍𐒷1
𐓇𐒷 π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·SHEH theeⁿ-KSHEHunspec. var.𐓇𐒷 π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·pronoun1that one sitting (animate or inanimate)2that one over there, closer to the hearer than to the speakerWhile this is the full and/or main version of this term, its variant (usually contracted) is used more often.unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
π“‡π’·π“π“‚Ν˜sheh-THOHⁿunspec. var.𐓇𐒷𐓍𐓂𐓇𐓂1there where you areadverb2right there where you areadverb3that person therepronouncf𐒼𐒰𐓍𐓂1unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2
π“‡π’·π“π“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ’°sheh-THOHⁿ-hahunspec. var.π“‡π’·π“π“‚π’Ήπ’°π“‡π’·π“π“‚π’Ήπ’°Ν˜adverb1that way2along a path toward the hearer3to a place right next to the hearerunspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’·π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2𐒹𐒰2
𐓇𐒻2sheeadverb1again2more
𐓇𐒻 𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰SHEE ah-KXAHpronoun1that one (thing or person not in motion) near you2those ones (not in motion) near youcf𐓇𐒻 𐒰𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒻1𐒰𐓄𐒰2unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒻1unspec. var. of𐓇𐒷2𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰2
𐓇𐒻 𐒰𐓄𐒰SHEE ah-BAHunspec. var.𐓇𐒷 𐒰𐓄𐒰pronoun1that one (thing or person in motion or deceased) near you2those ones (in motion or deceased) there (near you)cf𐓇𐒻 𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒻1𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰2unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒻1unspec. var. of𐓇𐒷2𐒰𐓄𐒰2
𐓇𐒻 π“‚Ν˜π“„π’·SHEE OHⁿ-behnoun1hip jointunspec. comp. form ofπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·
π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜SHEE-kxahⁿshee-KXAHⁿnoun1sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (my)2sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (your)3sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (her)4sister-in-law (brother's wife) (my)5sister-in-law (brother's wife) (her)6sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (my)7sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (her)For this term, Quintero (Osage Dictionary, page 206), "Used only when speaker is female." She also notes that this term is more precise than the English sister-in-law. Quintero also notes for the 3rd-person usage of this term (i.e., "her"), "In this usage, synonymous with iΕ‘Γ­kxΔ…."cf*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜*𐒼𐓂*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»*π“Šπ’»π“π’»*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°*π“π’°π“Šπ’·*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°π“π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜
π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°SHEE-kxahⁿ THEE-tahnoun1sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (your)2sister-in-law (brother's wife) (your)3sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (your)For this term, Quintero notes, "Used only when addressee is female."cfπ“π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
π“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·SHEEⁿ-N-dsehunspec. var.π“‡π’»π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·noun1knee
π“‡π’»π“π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·shee-THOHⁿ-dsehnoun1kneecap
𐓇𐒼𐒰shgahadjective1quiet
π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜shgahⁿunspec. var.π“†π’Όπ’°Ν˜intransitive verb1move2change (as the weather)3go on4continue5start
π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·SHGAHⁿ theeⁿ-KEHunspec. var.π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·adjective1quiet2stillnot moveThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the FIRST word.cfπ“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜π’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜π’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·1
π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜π’°π““π’»SHGAHⁿ-ah-zheeunspec. var.π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜π““π’»1still2quiet3quietly (as not in movement)4unable to move or start (as a motor vehicle)not movecfπ“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·1unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜π’°π““π’»
π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜SHGAHⁿ-shgahⁿintransitive verb1keep moving2move again and againThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜
π“‡π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·SHGAH-dsehintransitive verb1playcf𐒼'π“‚Ν˜
𐓇𐒼𐒻shgeeadverb1also2too3evenπ“π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π““π’» 𐓇𐒼𐒻 𐒰𐓄𐒱.They don't even work.4even though5in addition6as wellQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 207) that this term is "often used as a way of implying 'and.'" She also notes that it is often not glossed in English. For example, hcΓ­ htΔ…Δ… ska Ε‘ki 'a big white house' (lit., 'big house also white').
π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜SHGEE-dahⁿadverb1too2evenThe idea of "even" here does not refer to flat or equal.3for his partMalecfπ““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒼𐒻
𐓇𐒼𐓂𐓄𐒷SHGOH-beharch. var.π“‡π’Όπ“Žπ“„π’·adjective1deep2thick, as hair
π“‡π’Όπ“‚π“Šπ’·SHGOH-dseharch. var.π“‡π’Όπ“Žπ“Šπ’·adjective1indented
𐓇𐓂𐒼𐒰shoh-GAHSHOH-gahadjective1thick
π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·1SHOHⁿ-kehnoun1wolfcfπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·2π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·2SHOHⁿ-kehcont. var.π“‡π“‚Ν˜noun1dog
π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’· π“ˆπ’°Ν˜SHOHⁿ-keh tahⁿcont. var.π“‡π“‚Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜noun1wolfcfπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·1unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·2π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“Šπ’»SHOHⁿ-keh-tseenoun1doghouse2kennelunspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·2π“Šπ’»1
π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°1shohⁿ-MEEⁿ-kahunspec. var.π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“€π’»Ν˜π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“€π’»Ν˜π’·noun1female dog2bitchunspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜cont. var. ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·2π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°1
π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°2shohⁿ-MEEⁿ-kahSHOHⁿ-meeⁿ-kahunspec. var.π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·noun1CatholicQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 209) that this term is "after an early Catholic missionary named Father Shoemaker."
π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂shohⁿ-MEEⁿ-kah wah-k'OHnoun1nunCatholic womanunspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°2𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂
π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·SHOH-dsehunspec. var.𐓇𐓂𐒷arch. var.π“‡π“Žπ“Šπ’·1smokenoun2smokyadjective3dingyadjective4grayadjective
π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·shohⁿ-DSEHunspec. var.π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’΅π’·noun1penis2scrotumcf𐓓𐒷2
π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»shohⁿ-DSEH-zeenoun1testiclescfπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ“‚π“†π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“‚π“†π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·
π“‡π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ“‚π“†π“Žshohⁿ-DSOH-sΓΌarch. var.π“‡π“‚Ν˜π’΅π“Žπ“†π“Žπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ“Žπ“†π“Žnoun1testiclescfπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“’π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“‚π“†π“Ž
𐓇𐓂𐓏𐒷SHOH-weharch. var.π“‡π“Žπ“π’·Onomatope1sound word - rattling soundcf𐓆𐓂𐓏𐒷
π“‡π“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜SHOHⁿ-zheeⁿnoun1puppyunspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜cont. var. ofπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·2π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜shdahⁿadverb1all the time2incessantly3always4a lot5constantly6continuously7keep on doing somethingcfπ’Ήπ’°π“Šπ’»π“π’°Ν˜3
π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°SHDAH-hahunspec. var.π“‡π“ˆπ’°adjective1shiny and smooth (as a lake surface)2slick3bald4hairless5cleared
π“‡π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°SHDOHⁿ-kaharch. var.π“‡π“ˆπ“ŽΝ˜π’Όπ’°adjective1soft
π“‡π“Šπ’·π“π’·SHDSEH-thehunspec. var.𐓇𐒡𐒷𐓍𐒷transitive verb1doctor a person2administer medical care to someoneunspec. comp. form of-𐓍𐒷
π“‡π“Šπ’»Ν˜shdseeⁿunspec. var.π“‡π’΅π’»π’·π“‡π“Šπ’»Ν˜π’·intransitive verb1you are (a certain way)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 204) that this is a "[rare variant 2nd person sg. of Γ°Δ― 'be a certain way, exist as' (more usual form is nΔ―)]."unspec. comp. form of𐓇-π“π’»Ν˜1
π“‡π“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·2SHDSOO-dsehunspec. var.π“‡π’΅π“Žπ“Šπ’·adjective1warm (e.g., clothing, a house; not used of people)
π“‡π“Žπ“„π’°π“π’·shΓΌ-BAH-thehverb1slipped off of its own accord, as a belt from a wheel, in machineryunspec. comp. form of*π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·
π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·SHOO-behnoun1intestines2appendix3colon4entrails5insides6stomach area7stomach
π“ˆ
π“ˆπ’°1tahnoun1meat2meat, of any sort
π“ˆπ’°2tahnoun1deercfπ“ˆπ’°π“π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2-π“π“Šπ’»
π“ˆπ’°3dahtransitive verb1ask for2request
π“ˆπ’°4tahpost1toward2in the direction of3from4into
π“ˆπ’°5tah1shall2will, be going to3could, so that it could/might be4what if, were it the case that, would beQuintero notes that this sense is a future tense marker/irrealis marker.
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1dahⁿunspec. var.π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜31if2provided that3when4since5because6and7duringDorsey notes that, "It connects similar moods and tenses of verbs."
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2tahⁿunspec. var.π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜4adjective1big, full size2become big, grow, increase in size, enlarge3oldest, eldestThis term is a contracted form of taⁿka, and is usually used as a suffix. Use of this suffix, while expressing something as big, could also carry the idea of there also being different smaller sizes available. Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 84) that "This form is said to imply a smaller size than does the form htą́ka."cfπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜3tahⁿarch. var.π“ˆ'π’°Ν˜noun1autumn2fall (season)
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜4dahⁿ1indeed2really3trulyFemaleThis term is often used to end a declarative sentence with the one(s) being addressed being some distance away.cfπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“‚π“‚1𐓂2
π“ˆπ’° 𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰TAH ah-KXAH1implies that something may soon occurcfπ“ˆπ’° 𐒰𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5𐒰𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ’° 𐒼𐓇𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π’Όπ“‡π’·π“ˆπ’° π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π“Šπ’·5unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰1
π“ˆπ’° 𐒰𐓄𐒰TAH ah-BAH1will beThis term is not a universal "will be," but rather it means "will be" in the confines of the use of "aba."Dorsey notes that this is the "cl. fut. of aba."cfπ“ˆπ’° 𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰1π“ˆπ’° 𐒼𐓇𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π’Όπ“‡π’·π“ˆπ’° π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π“Šπ’·5unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5𐒰𐓄𐒰1
π“ˆπ’° 𐒹𐒷 𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷tah HEH bah-XOHⁿ-behunspec. var.π“ˆπ’° 𐒹𐒷 π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’»noun1Novemberwhen the deer break (shed) their hornsThis month is the first month of winter.cf𐒹𐒿𐒰 𐓒𐒻𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓒𐒻-π“„π’·π“ˆπ’° π’Όπ’»π“π“Žπ“π’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π“π“Žπ“π’·1-π“„π’·π“ˆπ’° π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’·-𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐒹𐒷1π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜-𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of-𐒰𐓄𐒻𐓍𐒷3
π“ˆπ’° π’Όπ’»π“π“Žπ“π’°π“„π’·tah KEE-thΓΌ-xah-behunspec. var.π“ˆπ’° π’Όπ’»π“π’»π“π’°π“„π’»π“ˆπ’° π’Όπ“Žπ“π“Žπ“π’°π“„π’·nprop1Octobercf𐒹𐒿𐒰 𐓒𐒻𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓒𐒻-π“„π’·π“ˆπ’° 𐒹𐒷 𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐒹𐒷1π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜-π“„π’·π“ˆπ’° π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’·-𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π“π“Žπ“π’·1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž--𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of-𐒰𐓄𐒻𐓍𐒷3
π“ˆπ’° 𐒼𐓇𐒷tah KSHEH1the one who is lying down willcfπ“ˆπ’° 𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰1π“ˆπ’° 𐒰𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5𐒰𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ’° π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π“Šπ’·5unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5𐒼𐓇𐒷
π“ˆπ’° π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ π“†π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·tah NAHⁿ-tahⁿ SDSEH-dsehunspec. var.π“ˆπ’° π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π“†π“ˆπ’·π“Šπ’·noun1mule deerlong-eared deerunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“†π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·
π“ˆπ’° π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’°π“„π’·TAH bΓΌ-SPAH-behunspec. var.π“ˆπ’° 𐓄𐒻𐓆𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒻noun1Septemberthe does crouch to hideThis term ends with -e. If the suffix -be/-bi (they) is added to this term, the -e becomes -a.cf𐒹𐒿𐒰 𐓒𐒻𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐒿𐒰𐓒𐒻-π“„π’·π“ˆπ’° 𐒹𐒷 𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐒹𐒷1π“„π’°π“π“‚Ν˜-π“„π’·π“ˆπ’° π’Όπ’»π“π“Žπ“π’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π“π“Žπ“π’·1-𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2π“„π“Žπ“†π“„π’·-𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of-𐒰𐓄𐒻𐓍𐒷3
π“ˆπ’° π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°tah TAHⁿ-kahnoun1buckbig deerThis term refers to a buck because the male deer are larger than the females.unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“ˆπ’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°tah DOH-kahnoun1fresh meatunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1
π“ˆπ’° π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜tah TXAHⁿ1the one who is standing willThe txaⁿ portion of this term is conjugated as needed.cfπ“ˆπ’° 𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰1π“ˆπ’° 𐒰𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5𐒰𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ’° 𐒼𐓇𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π’Όπ“‡π’·π“ˆπ’° π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π“Šπ’·5unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
π“ˆπ’° π“Šπ’·tah TSEH1forms a general assertion, what is universal, abstract, etc.Dorsey notes that this is the "cl. fut. of tse." This phrase often carries the idea of "will eventually" or "will someday."cfπ“ˆπ’° 𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰1π“ˆπ’° 𐒰𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5𐒰𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ’° 𐒼𐓇𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π’Όπ“‡π’·π“ˆπ’° π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π“Šπ’·5
π“ˆπ’° π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π“π’°TAH theeⁿ-KSHEH-nah1future perfect referring to a sitting objectunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°5π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·-𐓁𐒰
π“ˆπ’° π“π’·π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’Ώπ’»tah WEH-thΓΌ-hleearch. var.π“ˆπ’° π“π’·π“π“Žπ“π“π’»noun1brain
π“ˆπ’°π’΄π’°Ν˜DAH-brahⁿintransitive verb1smell from heating or body heat2emanate an odor while being heated (as in cooking/burning, refers to either a good or bad odor)unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-π’΄π’°Ν˜
π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°1TAH-hah1toward2on the way or path to a certain point3in the direction of
π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°2tah-HAHnoun1deer hideunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐒹𐒰1
π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜DAH-hahⁿintransitive verb1raise by heat2rise, as breadunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜dahⁿ-HAHⁿadjective1good2wellcfπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’·π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’·dahⁿ-HEHunspec. var.π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»adjective1well2wonderful3good4better or well, as after sickness5important𐓁𐒻𐒼'π’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π’° π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’·an important man𐓁𐒻𐒼'π’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π’° π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’·π“π“Šπ’»a very important mancfπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’· π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜dahⁿ-HEH ah-GEE-zheeⁿtransitive verb1admire or think well of his ownunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’· π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’·π’°π““π’»Ν˜
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’· π’°π““π’»Ν˜dahⁿ-HEH ah-ZHEEⁿtransitive verb1think well of2admirecfπ“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜ π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’·π’°π““π’»Ν˜
π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“Žπ“„π’·DAH-hlΓΌ-beharch. var.π“ˆπ’°π“π“π“Žπ“„π’·verb1be boiled till ready to fall to piecesunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-
π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ“ŽTAH-hΓΌTAH-hoo1neck
π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ“Ž π“π“Žπ“‡π“‚Ν˜TAH-hΓΌ thΓΌ-SHOHⁿarch. var.π“π’°π’Ήπ“Ž π“π“Žπ“‡π“ŽΝ˜transitive verb1break the neck of somethingThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ“Žπ“π“Žπ“‡π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜TAH-kahⁿnoun1threaddeer sinewunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2π’Όπ’°Ν˜
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°TAHⁿ-kahunspec. var.π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°adjective1big2largecfπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’·DAH-kah-dsehadjective1hot to the touch2hotThis term is not usually used to refer to people.
π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’·dah-GEH1fightintransitive verb2go to warintransitive verb3fightingadjectiveπ“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’· 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻𐒼𐒰a fighting man4fightnoun5fightingnoun6warnoun
π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’· 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓇𐒻𐒼𐒰dah-GEH NEE-kah-shee-gahnoun1fighting man2boxer3wrestler4pugilistunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’»π’Όπ’°
π“ˆπ’°π’Ώπ’·DAH-leharch. var.π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ“π’·noun1captive2slave
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’Όπ’°DAHⁿ-skahnoun1whachamacallit
π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜TAH-mahⁿverb1ringing sound as of metalThis term does not refer to the act of ringing a bell, but rather the actual ring of a bell.cfπ’Όπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜
π“ˆπ’°π“π’»TAH-neenoun1soup2coffee, when prepared for drinkingunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°1𐓁𐒻1
π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°DAH-pahadjective1round2circular3globularcf𐒡𐒰𐓄𐒰
π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·DAH-pah-thehtransitive verb1make a hide round, as when one cuts from it things for lariats, etc.unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’°-𐓍𐒷
π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·DAH-bah-xehtransitive verb1burn a cord or string in two, as fire doescf𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“„π’°π“π’·π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓍𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒻𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·π“π’·DAH-bah-xeh-thehtransitive verb1cause fire to burn a cord, etc., in twocfπ“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·2-𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷-𐓍𐒷
π“ˆπ’°π“„π’·tah-BEHnoun1ball2ball (used in a game)
π“ˆπ’°π“„π’·π“†π“Žtah-BEH-sΓΌtah-BEH-soonoun1curved stick used by the Osage men in playing all2ball stickcfπ“„π’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’·
π“ˆπ’°π“„π“‚π“†π’Όπ’°TAH-poh-sgahunspec. var.π“ˆπ’°π“„π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°noun1teacher2school teacher3missionary
π“ˆπ’°π“„π“Žπ“’π’·DAH-bΓΌ-zehverb1become dry from exposure to the air or heatunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-π“„π“Žπ“’π’·
π“ˆπ’°π“„π“Žπ“’π’· 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷DAH-bΓΌ-zeh GAH-xehtransitive verb1dry, as corn, by exposing it to the air, etc.This entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π“„π“Žπ“’π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-π“„π“Žπ“’π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π“ˆπ’°π“†π’»π’Όπ’·DAH-see-gehverb1cause to leap forth, as a fire does2send out a coal or sparkunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-
π“ˆπ’°π“†π’»π“’π’· 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷DAH-see-zeh GAH-xehtransitive verb1make a zhaⁿ wezhapshe, etc., sharp at the point by burning it a littleThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷1
π“ˆπ’°π“†π’Όπ’°TAH-sgahnoun1sheepunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2𐓆𐒼𐒰1
π“ˆπ’°π“†π’Όπ’°Ν˜DAH-sgahⁿverb1be melted by heats, as liquids which have been frozen, metals, grease, etc.unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-π“†π’Όπ’°Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜
π“ˆπ’°π“†π’Όπ’·DAH-sgehadjective1mellow
π“ˆπ’°π“‡π“„π“Žtah-SHPÜnoun1tip end of any object2knob-like end or tipcfπ’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·
π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1DAH-dahⁿunspec. var.π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°1what (interrogative)π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°Λ™ π“ˆπ’°Λ™π“π’°Λ™π’Ώπ’° 𐓁𐒻˙𐒷?What clan are you?2what3thing(s)4anything, something5something6what, whatever (indefinite or relative)7what kind, what sort, what type, what class of (interrogative)8do what (interrogative)9whyπ“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ π“‡π“Ž π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·?Why are you coming?
π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2TAH-dahⁿcont. var.π“ˆπ’°6subordconn1in order that
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜TAHⁿ-dahⁿarch. var.π“ˆ'π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1during the autumnunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜3π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1
π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’·dah-DAH-zehnoun1grasshopper
π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“‚π“π’°tah-DOH-xahunspec. var.π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“Žπ“π’°noun1salivacf𐒻𐒿𐒻
π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·1tah-DSEHnoun1air2wind
π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·2DAH-tsehverb1burn a cord or string in two, as a fire doescfπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·TAHⁿ-dsehnoun1ground2ground or earth3prairie without trees
π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’· 𐓂𐓍𐒻𐓇𐓂𐓇𐒷tah-DSEH oh-THEE-shoh-sheharch. var.π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’· π“Žπ“π’»π“‡π“Žπ“‡π’·noun1whirlwindunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·1
π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’· 𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻tah-DSEH SAH-geenoun1high windunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·1𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻
π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰DAH-ts'eh-gahadjective1dried, withered, injured, or killed by heatunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»TAHⁿ-dseh-gee1of or belonging to the prairie2at, or on the groundunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’» π“„π“Žπ“†π“ˆπ“‚π“†π“ˆπ’°TAHⁿ-dseh gee BÜ-sdoh-sdahnoun1prairie blackberry or dewberrythe blackberry on the groundunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»π“„π“Žπ“†π“ˆπ“‚π“†π“ˆπ’°1
π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·π“π’·DAH-tseh-thehtransitive verb1cause a fire to burn cord, etc., in twocfπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·-𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°--𐓍𐒷
π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ“‚π’Όπ’·tah-TSOH-geharch. var.π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ“Žπ’Όπ’·noun1antelope
π“ˆπ’°π“π’°TAH-thahtah-THAHarch. var.π“ˆ'𐒰𐓍𐒰verb1fallen to pieces2fall apart or to pieces3come unplaited4crumble5ruincf𐒿𐒰𐓍𐒰
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°TAHⁿ-thahverb1roll2rolling
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜TAHⁿ-theeⁿarch. var.π“ˆ'π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜intransitive verb1run, as a person2run3hurry along4walk fast5move fastcfπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜TAHⁿ-wahⁿnoun1town2villageThis term can be used simply as "town" as in "I'm going to town." If you are using the name of a town or city in conversation, first you name that town, then you almost always follow up with this term.
π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’°Ν˜TAHⁿ-wahⁿ-lahⁿnoun1clanπ“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°Λ™ π“ˆπ’°Λ™π“π’°Λ™π’Ώπ’° 𐓁𐒻˙𐒷?What clan are you?2village3tribe4city
π“ˆπ’°π“π’»Ν˜DAH-weeⁿintransitive verb1sail round and round, as an eagle in the air
π“ˆπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π“π’·DAH-weeⁿ-xehnoun1firebrandunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-
π“ˆπ’°π“π“Šπ’»TAH-xdseenoun1deerDorsey notes that this term means "a real ta."cfπ“ˆπ’°2unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°2-π“π“Šπ’»
π“ˆπ’°π““π’»DAH-zheeintransitive verb1go out2not burn3become extinguished4extinguished, gone out, as a fire or lampunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“ˆπ’²tahⁿ-EEⁿTAHⁿ-eeⁿunspec. var.π“ˆ'π’»Ν˜2noun1sandpiper2woodcock3curlew4a genus of birds, including the field or prairie lark, spotted sandpiper or tip-up, plover, curlew, etc.
π“ˆπ’² 𐓄𐒰 π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜tahⁿ-EEⁿ pah eh-GOHⁿarch. var.π“ˆπ’² 𐓄𐒰 π’·π’Όπ“ŽΝ˜noun1warclub, terminating in a knob, to which an iron point is securedunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’²π“„π’°5π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π“ˆπ’² 𐓓𐒻𐒹𐒻TAHⁿ-eeⁿ zhee-HEEunspec. var.π“ˆ'π’»Ν˜ 𐓓𐒻𐒹𐒻noun1marbled godwitDorsey notes that this is "'the reddish-yellow t'iⁿ,' smaller than the t'iⁿ taⁿka. Eaten by the Osages, when its (sic) is boiled or roasted (zhelaⁿ). Its former name was koka taⁿka."cf𐒼𐓂𐒼𐒰 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’²π““π’»π’Ήπ’»
π“ˆ'π’»Ν˜ 𐓓𐒻𐒹𐒻t'eeⁿ zhee-HEEunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆ'π’»Ν˜2unspec. var. ofπ“ˆπ’²π““π’»π’Ήπ’»unspec. var. ofπ“ˆπ’² 𐓓𐒻𐒹𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’²π““π’»π’Ήπ’»
π“ˆπ“‚1dohnoun1Indian potato2potato3potatoes
π“ˆπ“‚2dohunspec. var.π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜2adverb1barely2hardly3only to a limited degree or barely representative amount
π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚TOH-hoharch. var.π“ˆπ“Žπ’Ήπ“Žπ“ˆ'π“Žπ’Ήπ“Žadjective1blue2greenThis term can refer to either blue or green, however in modern Osage, it is usually relegated to blue, with maⁿhiⁿ toho being used for green. Choho (green), given by Dorsey, does not appear to have made it into modern Osage.cf𐒡𐓂𐒹𐓂
π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ 𐓁𐒻𐒹𐒰 π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜TOH-hoh nee-HAH EH-gohⁿarch. var.π“ˆ'π“Žπ’Ήπ“Ž 𐓁𐒻𐒹𐒰 π’·π’Όπ“ŽΝ˜adjective1greenblue resembling the green scum that rises on water in springsunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π“π’»π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻1𐒹𐒰1π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ π“π“‚π“Šπ’·TOH-hoh XOH-dseharch. var.π“ˆ'π“Žπ’Ήπ“Ž π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·adjective1bluish-grayunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π“π“‚π“Šπ’·
π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜TOH-hoh ZHOO-dseh EH-gohⁿTOH-hoh ZHÜ-dseh EH-gohⁿarch. var.π“ˆπ“Žπ’Ήπ“Ž π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆ'π“Žπ’Ήπ“Ž π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· π’·π’Όπ“ŽΝ˜adjective1purplelike blue-red; blue like redunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1doh-KAHadjective1wet2moist3damp
π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°2DOH-gahdoh-GAHunspec. var.π“ˆπ“‚π’·2π“ˆπ“Žπ’Όπ’°noun1male
π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’·doh-GEHnoun1summer2warm or summer season
π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜DOH-geh-dahⁿ1during the summerunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1
π“ˆπ“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜TOH-lahⁿunspec. var.π“ˆπ’°π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜noun1sandwich2meat pie (original meaning)unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°1π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓂-
π“ˆπ“‚π’Ώπ’·DOH-lehnoun1turnips2Indian turnipunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ“‚1
π“ˆπ“‚π“π’»π’Ώπ’·toh-NEE-leharch. var.π“ˆπ“Žπ“π’»π’Όπ“π’·π“ˆπ“Žπ“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“π’·noun1rainbow
π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°1DOH-baharch. var.π“ˆπ“Žπ“„π’°adjective1four
π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°2DOH-bahunspec. var.π“ˆπ“‚3π“ˆπ“‚π’°π“ˆπ“‚π’·11some2any3a part of
π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’·DOHⁿ-behcont. var.π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜1π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’·π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’·Ν˜π“ˆπ“ƒ1seetransitive verb2observetransitive verb3watchtransitive verb4lookverb5look at, on, or upontransitive verb
π“ˆπ“‚π“„π’»Ν˜DOH-beeⁿ1four timesunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ“‚π“„π’°1-π’»Ν˜
π“ˆπ“‚π“†π’Όπ’°DOH-sgahnoun1potato (Irish or commercial)white potatounspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ“‚1𐓆𐒼𐒰1
π“ˆπ“‚π“†π’Όπ’·DOH-sgehnoun1hiccup
π“ˆπ“‚π“†π“ŽDOH-sΓΌnoun1armpits
π“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°2DOH-daharch. var.π“ˆπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°adverb1in this direction2on this side of a certain place or pointcfπ’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°
π“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜doh-DAHⁿunspec. var.π“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°1arch. var.π“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜1warnoun2warpathnoun3go to warverb4scoutingverb5scouting aloneverb6looking for enemiesverb
π“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ π’Ήπ“Ž π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°doh-DAHⁿ hΓΌ TAHⁿ-kahnoun1large war partyunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ“Ž3π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜DOH-dah-txahⁿarch. var.π“ˆπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜1the standing animate object, in sight, which is on this side of a certain place or pointDorsey notes that, "The correlative of godatxaⁿ is dodatxaⁿ."cfπ’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ“‚π“ˆπ’°2π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
π“ˆπ“‚π“Šπ’·DOH-dsehnoun1throat2gullet
π“ˆπ“‚π“’π’·1TOH-zeharch. var.π“ˆπ“Žπ“’π’·noun1catfish
π“ˆπ“‚π“’π’·2DOH-zehnoun1loon
π“ˆπ“‚π“’π’· 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷DOH-zeh SAH-behnoun1black loonblack loonunspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ“‚π“’π’·2𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷
π“ˆπ“‚π““π’°π“π’·doh-ZHAH-thehadjective1rotten2decomposed3putrefiedcfπ“Šπ“Žπ’Ό'𐒰
π“ˆπ“‚π““π’·DOH-zhehadjective1flat, flattened or mashed (said of a soft object)2squashed, deflated (e.g., an object that formerly contained something)
π“ˆπ“‚π““π“ŽTOH-zhooTOH-zhΓΌnoun1meat pieπ“ˆπ“‚π““π“Ž π“†π’°π“ˆπ’°Λ™ 𐒰𐒴𐒻˙.I have five meat pies.cfπ“†π’»π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’»π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°1π“‚π““π“Ž
π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜txahⁿunspec. var.π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ“π’°2π“ˆπ“π’°11continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 3rd person singular animate standing subject; also may indicate initiation of an activity by subject regardless of position2the standing animate object3positional article for a singular animate standing entity (usually not the subject of a verb describing action)cf𐒼𐒷2𐒼𐓇𐒷𐓄𐒰4𐓄𐒷1π“Šπ’·1π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°TXAHⁿ-hahunspec. var.π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°1until2from
π“Š
π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷ts'AH-gehnoun1father-in-law (of a male) (my)2his wife's father3an aged man4to be an aged man5old man6to be an old manThis term is both a kinship term (father-in-law) and an adjective (to be an old man). This means it can be conjugated two ways. If it is conjugated with the stand alone possessive pronouns such as wita (my) or thita (your), then the idea is the kinship term of father-in-law. For example, ts'age wita (my father-in-law). However, if it is conjugated as an adjective, then the idea is "to be an old man." For example, aⁿts'age (I'm an old man), thits'age (you're an old man), etc.Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cf*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°
π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 𐒹𐒻ts'AH-geh heeverb1arrive at old ageDorsey notes that this term is "said by or of a man."This entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷𐒰𐒹𐒻
π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π’»π“ˆπ’°ts'AH-geh EE-tahnoun1father-in-law (of a male) (his)cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°
π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°ts'AH-geh THEE-tahnoun1father-in-law (of a male) (your)cfπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π’»π“ˆπ’°1π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°ts'AH-geh WEE-tahnoun1father-in-law (of a male) (my)2my wife's fathercf*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π’»π“ˆπ’°1π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°ts'AH-geh ZHEEⁿ-kahnoun1old man2venerable old man3ancestor4one of the ancients, supernatural beings, or deitiesunspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“Šπ’°π“„π’°DSAH-pahadjective1shortcf𐒡𐒰𐓄𐒰
π“Š'π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ts'AH-tahⁿnoun1devil2Satan
π“Š'𐒰𐓍𐒷ts'AH-thehadjective1sour (taste)2acrid3pungent4bittercfπ“Š'π“Žπ“π’·
π“Š'𐒰𐓓𐒻ts'AH-zheenoun1cross2crucifix3clubs (suit in a deck of cards)dies notcfπ’Ήπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜π“†π’»π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒻1𐓄𐒷 π“π’°π’Ήπ’°π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'𐒷𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ts'AH-ee-zheeⁿnoun1husband2husband (my)3elderly manQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 27) that this term is "used by anyone referring to an elderly man."Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 27) that this term is "typically used by an older woman speaking to or referring to her elderly husband."cfπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°
π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π’»π“ˆπ’°ts'AH-ee-zheeⁿ EE-tahnoun1husband (his/her)cf𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°
π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°ts'AH-ee-zheeⁿ THEE-tahnoun1husband (your)cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ’° π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“π’»π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°ts'AH-ee-zheeⁿ WEE-tahnoun1husband (my)cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’»π’Όπ’° π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
π“Šπ’·1tseharch. var.𐒡𐒷11the (standing inanimate or animate object)2the (abstract object)3positional article for standing inanimate singular nonsubject (also used for intangible entities: e.g., heart attack, song, pain)4positional article for plural sitting nonsubjects (those that would take thiⁿkshe when singular)5the standing inanimate object6the collection of inanimate objects𐓏𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷 π“Šπ’·the pile of books7used as a sign of completed action in past time𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓄𐒷 π“Šπ’» π’°π“ŽHe or they went, departed8used adverbially: whenπ’Όπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜ π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’° π“Šπ’·on the day after tomorrowThis term does not literally mean "when" (as in "When are you going to town?"), but rather, as the example sentence states, "on the day after tomorrow."Dorsey notes that for this term, (tsi before "a").cf𐒼𐒷2𐒼𐓇𐒷𐓄𐒰4𐓄𐒷1π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
π“Šπ’·2tsehnoun1buffalo2female buffaloThis is the generic term for a buffalo (male or female), but in one respect, it can also refer to a female buffalo. In some ways, this term is used in construction as a generic term for animal.cf𐓍𐓂𐓐𐒷
π“Šπ’·3dsehunspec. var.π“Šπ’»2adjective1last2the most recent (used of units of time)
π“Šπ’·5tseharch. var.𐒡𐒷21will2shall3please4may5future sign
π“Š'𐒷ts'ehadjective1die2be dead3death4the dead5dead personThis particular term is listed as an adjective, but it is conjugated as a verb.
π“Š'𐒷 π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·ts'EH gohⁿ-ZEHverb1pretend to dieThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·2
π“Šπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°tseh DOH-gahunspec. var.π“Šπ’· π“ˆπ“Žπ’Όπ’°noun1buffalo bullunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°2
π“Šπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’° π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°tseh DOH-gah XOO-hahtseh DOH-gah XÜ-hahunspec. var.π“Šπ’· π“ˆπ“Žπ’Όπ’° π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°noun1buffalo bull hideunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°2π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°
π“Šπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’° 𐓓𐒷tseh DOH-gah zhehunspec. var.π“Šπ’· π“ˆπ“Žπ’Όπ’° 𐓓𐒷noun1penis of a buffalo bullunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’· π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°2𐓓𐒷2
π“Šπ’· π“Šπ’·π“π“Žπ“Šπ“ŽTSEH tseh-THÜ-tsΓΌnoun1rib of a buffalo cowunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2π“Šπ’·π“π“Žπ“Šπ“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2π“π“Žπ“Šπ“Ž
π“Šπ’·π’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ’°π“Šπ’·tseh-AH-hlah-dsehunspec. var.π“Šπ’·π“π“π’°π“Šπ’»noun1raspberry2raspberries
π“Šπ’·π’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ’°π“Šπ’· π’Ήπ“Žtseh-AH-hlah-dseh hootseh-AH-hlah-dseh hΓΌnoun1raspberry bushunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ’°π“Šπ’·π’Ήπ“Ž1
π“Šπ’·π’Ήπ’°π“π’°π’Ώπ’·tseh-HAH-wah-lehunspec. var.π“Šπ’·π’Ήπ’°π“π’°π’Όπ“π’·noun1shield2rawhide shieldunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2𐒹𐒰1
π“Šπ’·π’Ήπ’»Ν˜tseh-HEEⁿnoun1woman's yarn beltbuffalo hairunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2
π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°TSEH-gah1newadjective2anewadjective3freshadjective4recentadjective5just nowadverb6newlyadverb7recentlyadverb8just a while agoadverb
π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰ts'EH-gahadjective1crazy2insane3demented4mentally retarded5mentally unstable
π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰 𐓂𐒼'π’°Ν˜ts'EH-gah OH-k'ahⁿnoun1funny stuff2foolish actsunspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰𐓂𐒼'π’°Ν˜
π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒻𐓍𐒷ts'EH-kee-thehunspec. var.π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒻𐒷transitive verb1kill oneself2commit suicidecause oneself to dieunspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-2π“Š'𐒷𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'𐒷-𐓍𐒷
π“Šπ’·π’Ώπ’»Ν˜tseh-LEEⁿnoun1wheelcfπ“Šπ’·π“π’·1
π“Šπ’·π’Ώπ’»Ν˜ π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜tseh-LEEⁿ AH-leeⁿnoun1bicyclesit upon a wheelunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π“Š'π’·π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜ts'EH-lohⁿ-theeⁿunspec. var.π“Š'π’·π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’·adjective1giddy2running here and there, not satisfied anywhere3dead drunk, excited, out of one's mindunspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’·π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜
π“Šπ’·π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°tseh-MEEⁿ-kahnoun1buffalo cowunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°1
π“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’°1TSEH-sgahtseh-SGAHnoun1cow (not necessarily female)2head of cattle3domestic cow or ox4beefwhite buffalounspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2𐓆𐒼𐒰1
π“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’°2TSEH-sgah1perhaps2it may beDorsey notes that this is the "fut. of ska."unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·5𐓆𐒼𐒰2
π“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’° 𐓄𐒰𐓍𐒰 π“‚π’Ώπ’»Ν˜TSEH-sgah BAH-tah oh-LEEⁿtseh-SGAH BAH-tah oh-LEEⁿnoun1cow's wombunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2𐓆𐒼𐒰1π“„π’°π“ˆπ’° π“‚π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“‚π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’° π“ˆπ’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°TSEH-sgah tah DOH-kahtseh-SGAH tah DOH-kahnoun1fresh beefunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2𐓆𐒼𐒰1π“ˆπ’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1
π“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°TSEH-sgah DOH-gahtseh-SGAH DOH-gahunspec. var.π“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’° π“ˆπ“Žπ’Όπ’°noun1bullunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2𐓆𐒼𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°2
π“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’° π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°TSEH-sgah ZHEEⁿ-kahtseh-SGAH ZHEEⁿ-kahnoun1calfunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“†π’Όπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2𐓆𐒼𐒰1π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·π“π’·tseh-DSEH-xehnoun1bladdercfπ“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»π“‚π““π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»π“‚π““π“Ž
π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’»TSEH-dsee1by or near the standing inanimate object2by or near the collection or inanimate objects3at, by, or near the time, etc.unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·1π“Šπ’»3
π“Šπ’·π“π’°π“π’·TSEH-thah-wehnoun1the twigs which shoot out from a stump or branches of a tree
π“Šπ’·π“π’·1TSEH-thehunspec. var.π“Šπ’·π“π’°noun1automobile wheel2tirecfπ“Šπ’·π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π“Šπ’·π“π’·2DSEH-thehtransitive verb1kindle a fireunspec. comp. form of-𐓍𐒷
π“Š'𐒷𐓍𐒷ts'EH-thehtransitive verb1kill2slay3assassinate4murder5make die6cause to diedie - causeunspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'𐒷-𐓍𐒷
π“Šπ’·π“π’· π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜TSEH-theh AH-leeⁿnoun1bicycleunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π’·1π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π“Šπ’·π“π“Žπ“Šπ“Žtseh-THÜ-tsΓΌnoun1rib of any animalunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·2π“π“Žπ“Šπ“Ž
π“Šπ’·π“π’·1DSEH-xehunspec. var.π“Šπ’·π“π’·2noun1bucket2kettle3pot4pail
π“Šπ’·π“π’·3TSEH-xehnoun1any level without timber2open prairie, whether highland or lowland
π“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’»1DSEH-xeh-neeunspec. var.π“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’»2π“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’»Ν˜noun1drumunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π’·1𐓁𐒻1
π“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’» 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷DSEH-xeh-nee GAH-xehtransitive verb1tie the drumThis term doesn't literally say "tie (the) drum," but rather says "make (the) drum." The context, however, refers to wrapping and tying a drum.This entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’»1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π’·1𐓁𐒻1𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷1
π“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’» π“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜DSEH-xeh-nee oh-TSEEⁿnoun1drum boss2drumstickcfπ“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’» π“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜ π“†π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’»1π“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“†π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’»1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π’·1𐓁𐒻1π“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜
π“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’» π“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜ π“†π“Šπ’·DSEH-xeh-nee oh-TSEEⁿ sdsehnoun1drumstickcfπ“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’» π“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’»1π“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π’·π“π’»1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π’·1𐓁𐒻1π“‚π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“†π“Šπ’·cont. var. ofπ“†π“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·
π“Šπ’·π“π’·π““π’»Ν˜DSEH-xeh-zheeⁿnoun1small kettleunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π’·1π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“Šπ’·π“π’»TSEH-xeeadjective1difficult2sacred3preciouscf𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷
π“Šπ’·π“π“‚π“„π’·TSEH-xoh-behunspec. var.π“Šπ’·π“π“Žπ“„π’·noun1spider2tarantula
π“Šπ’·π“π“‚π“„π’· π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°TSEH-xoh-beh ZHEEⁿ-kahunspec. var.π“Šπ’·π“π“Žπ“„π’· π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°noun1spiderunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π“π“‚π“„π’·π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“Šπ’·π“’π’·TSEH-zehnoun1belly2abdomen
π“Šπ’·π““π’·DSEH-zhehintransitive verb1urinatecf𐒡𐒷𐓓𐒷
π“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»DSEH-zheh-neenoun1urineunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»1
π“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»π“‚π““π“ŽDSEH-zheh-nee-oh-ZHOODSEH-zheh-nee-oh-ZHÜnoun1bladdercfπ“Šπ’·π“Šπ’·π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·π““π’·π“π’»1π“‚π““π“Ž
π“Šπ’»1tsee1housenoun2lodgenoun3tentnoun4dwellingnoun5hovelnoun6nestnoun7campintransitive verb8make campintransitive verbcfπ“Šπ’»π’Ήπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’»1
π“Šπ’»3dseeunspec. var.π“Šπ’·41in2to (something upright or vertical, singular)3at
π“Šπ’»Ν˜tseeⁿunspec. var.π“Šπ’»4π“Šπ’»π’·arch. var.π“ˆπ’»Ν˜π“ˆ'π’»Ν˜1π“ˆπ’»Ν˜π’·1appearintransitive verb2showintransitive verb3visibleadjective
π“Šπ’» π“‚π“π’·π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·tsee OH-xeh-mahⁿ-kehnoun1frost within a lodgeunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’»1𐓂-π“π’·π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π“Šπ’» 𐓄𐒻𐓓𐒻TSEE PEE-zheenoun1shackbad houseunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’»1𐓄𐒻𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“Šπ’»π’Ήπ’° π’»π“Šπ’»TSEE-hah EE-tseenoun1skin lodgeunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’»1𐒹𐒰1
π“Šπ’»π’Ήπ’·TSEE-hehnoun1nestcfπ“Šπ’»1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’»1
π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·TSEE-kah-shehnoun1Chickasaw2Chickasawscf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
π“Šπ’»π’Ώπ’·1TSEE-leh1liveintransitive verb2resideintransitive verb3make a homeintransitive verb4set up a householdintransitive verb5set up housekeepingintransitive verb6housenoun7homenoun8householdnoun9familynounFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’»1
π“Šπ’»π’Ώπ’·2TSEE-lehunspec. var.π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“π’·1denoting sudden actionThis term is used after verbs.cfπ“Šπ’»π“π’·
π“Šπ’»π“‚π’Όπ’°TSEE-oh-kahnoun1roomunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’»1
π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚tsee-POHunspec. var.π“Šπ’»π“„π“Žnoun1Ojibwe2ChippewaDorsey's exact definition for this term is "the Wadjibwe, Ojibways, or Chippewas."cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
π“Š'π’»Ν˜π“‡π’°ts'EEⁿ-shahadjective1crooked2curved3bent over (as a person, a tree, or a hooked staff)4bent a little, as the horns of a cow5cramped
π“Šπ’»π“‡π“ŽTSEE-shoonoun1tipi pole2tent poleunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’»1
π“Šπ’»π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜TSEE-txahⁿ1from the standing inanimate object, or collection of objectsπ“Šπ’» π“Šπ’»π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜from the lodge or house2fromunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’·1π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
π“Šπ’»π“Šπ’»π““π’·tsee-TSEE-zhehOnomatope1sound word - frequent cracking or crackling sounds2frequent crackling sounds, as of boughs or twigs in breakingThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’»π““π’·2
π“Š'π’»Ν˜π“π’°ts'EEⁿ-thahunspec. var.π“Š'π’»π“Š'𐒻𐓍𐒰noun1wrinkle
π“Šπ’»π“π’·TSEE-theh1used after another verb to mark sudden action2begin, commence, or start suddenly (as one person)3come forth, as an infant at birthcfπ“Šπ’»π’Ώπ’·2
π“Š'π’»Ν˜π“π’°ts'EEⁿ-xahunspec. var.π“Š'π’»Ν˜π“π’·adjective1crooked, bent over (referring to a human body)
π“Šπ’»π““π’·2tsee-ZHEHOnomatope1sound word - cracking or crackling sound2crackling sound, as when a bough or twig is brokencf𐒼𐓂𐒼𐒷𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷𐓆𐓂𐓏𐒷
π“Šπ’»π““π’·π“„π’·tsee-ZHEH-behcont. var.π“Šπ’»π““π’·1noun1door2doorway3entrance to a lodgeunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ’»1
π“Šπ’»π““π“‚TSEE-zhohnoun1golden eaglecfπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Ώπ’·π““π’·
π“Š'𐓂𐒼𐒰ts'OH-gahadjective1droopy
π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°TSOH-shpahnoun1grandchild (my)2grandchild (your)3pal, friend, buddyQuintero notes (Osage Grammar, page 484), "hcoΕ‘pΓ‘, a shortened form of wihcΓ³Ε‘pa, Γ°ihcΓ³Ε‘pa, is also used for 'my/your grandchild.' In addition to its original meaning, it is used to mean 'pal, friend, buddy.'"cf*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜*𐒼𐓂*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»*π“Šπ’»π“π’»*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°*π“π’°π“Šπ’·*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜
π“Š'𐓂𐓐𐒷ts'OH-xehnoun1hunchback
π“Šπ“ŽtsootsΓΌunspec. var.π“Šπ“Žπ’·arch. var.π’΅π“Žtransitive verb1copulate2copulate with3have intercourse withcfπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’°π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’°π“π’»Ν˜1π’°π““π’°Ν˜
π“Šπ“Ž 𐒹𐒰𐓄𐒰tsoo HAH-bahnoun1ladle
π“Šπ“Žπ’Ό'𐒰TSOO-k'ahadjective1decayed2rottencfπ“ˆπ“‚π““π’°π“π’·
π“Šπ“Žπ’Όπ’·TSOO-gehTSÜ-gehunspec. var.π“Šπ“Žπ’Όπ’°noun1spoon2shovel3abalone shellQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 63) that "Osage spoons were originally clamshells from creeks, used only for scraping corn, with little ones for children, larger ones for adults; this term is now used for spoons of other materials such as metal, plastic, or wood."cfπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2
π“Šπ“Žπ“ˆπ’°π““π’»DSOO-dah-zheeadjective1unripe2green (e.g., unripe fruit)3raw4uncooked5undercookedunspec. comp. form ofπ“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·π’°π““π’»
π“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·DSOO-dsehDSÜ-dseh1done (e.g., in cooking)adjective2cookedadjective3bakedadjective4ripeadjective5mellowadjective6mature (e.g., fruit and grain)adjective7cook well donetransitive verb8ripe, as fruittransitive verb9blistered by heattransitive verb
π“Šπ“Žπ“π’°DSOO-thahDSÜ-thahadjective1ragged2torn3ripped4worn out5worn6insufficient (said of clothing)
π“Šπ“Žπ“π’·2TSOO-xehadjective1mangy
π“Šπ“Žπ“π’·3TSOO-xehadjective1dried up
π“Š'π“Žπ“π’·ts'OO-xehadjective1acridcfπ“Š'𐒰𐓍𐒷
𐓍
π“π’°Ν˜thahⁿ1the (sitting curvilinear object)cf𐒼𐒷2𐒼𐓇𐒷𐓄𐒰4𐓄𐒷1π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1𐓍𐒷1π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
π“π’°π’΄π’»Ν˜1THAH-breeⁿarch. var.π“π’°π“„π“π’»Ν˜adjective1three
π“π’°π’΄π’»Ν˜2THAH-breeⁿarch. var.π“π’°π“„π“π’»Ν˜adjective1thrice2three timesThe pronunciation of thabriⁿ remains the same, even with the addition of the suffix -iⁿ. That being the case, the pronunciation and spelling of both thabriⁿ (three) and thabriⁿ (three times) are indistinguishible, and therefore context must be provided in conversation.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’΄π’»Ν˜1-π’»Ν˜
π“π’°π’΄π’»Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·THAH-breeⁿ-THAHⁿ-theharch. var.π“π’°π“„π“π’»Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1three to each2by threesunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’΄π’»Ν˜1π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·
π“π’°π’΄π“‚Ν˜π’΄π“‚Ν˜π“’π’·thah-BROHⁿ-brohⁿ-zeharch. var.π“π’°π“„π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π“π“ŽΝ˜π“’π’·transitive verb1chew repeatedly, as corn, till very fineThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°π’΄π“‚Ν˜π“’π’·thah-BROHⁿ-zeharch. var.π“π’°π“„π“π“ŽΝ˜π“’π’·transitive verb1chew till fine, as cornunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°Ν˜π’΅π’°π““π’»thahⁿ-CHAH-zhee1not aptcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ“π’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1π’°π““π’»π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐒰𐓓𐒻
𐓍𐒰𐒹𐒰THAH-hah1when, upon a certain event2soon after3as soon as
π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’»thahⁿ-KAH-dsee1to, by, or near the animate objects or objects which were formerly animatecfπ’Όπ“‡π’·π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‡π’·π’·π“Šπ’»2π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π’·π“Šπ’»2unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. var. ofπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’°π’·π“Šπ’»2
𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒷𐒼𐒻𐓍𐒷thah-k'EH-kee-thehunspec. var.𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒷𐒼𐒻𐒷transitive verb1be good to each other2be kind to each other3pity each other4pity oneself5feel sorry for oneselfunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒷𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form of-𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒻𐒼-2
𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒷𐓍𐒷thah-k'EH-thehunspec. var.𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒷𐒷𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒷𐒻transitive verb1feel sorry for2pity3pity him4be good to5be merciful to6have mercy on one7have mercy on him8take care of9bless10consider him miserableunspec. comp. form of-𐓍𐒷
𐓍𐒰𐒼'π’»Ν˜thah-k'EEⁿunspec. var.𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒻1spitintransitive verb2spit ontransitive verb3spit outtransitive verbunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
𐓍𐒰𐒼'𐒻𐓍𐒷thah-k'EE-thehverb1itch a person2feel an itching sensation
π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’°thahⁿ-KXAHunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°1they who2the ones whoDorsey notes that this is the plural of thiⁿkshe, txaⁿ, the, and kshe.cfπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’°π“‡π’·
π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜THAH-leeⁿunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’»Ν˜arch. var.π“π’°π’Όπ“π’»Ν˜1goodadjective2be goodadjective3feel good about somethingadjective4be gladadjective5thank you6fineadjective7splendidadjective8prettyadjective9beautifuladjective10handsomeadjective11good (e.g., the weather)adjective12welladverb13finelyadverb14skillfullyadverb15should16ought toDorsey notes that when "Used as an auxiliary, it implies duty, expediency." In this regard, he is talking about the English "should." For example, "You should eat." (i.e. "It would be good if you ate.")cfπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’·
π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜ π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜THAH-leeⁿ AH-gee-zheeⁿarch. var.π“π’°π’Όπ“π’»Ν˜ π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜transitive verb1like or love his ownThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’Όπ’»π’Ό-1π’°π““π’»Ν˜
π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜ π’°π““π’»Ν˜THAH-leeⁿ ah-ZHEEⁿarch. var.π“π’°π’Όπ“π’»Ν˜ π’°π““π’»Ν˜transitive verb1think well of one2loveThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.cfπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’· π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’·π’°π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’°π““π’»Ν˜
π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷THAH-leeⁿ GAH-xehunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’»Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷verb1be successful2do good works3do goodThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’Όπ’»π“π’·THAH-leeⁿ-kee-thehtransitive verb1make oneself good (e.g., with respect to one's behavior)unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π’Όπ’»π’Ό-2-𐓍𐒷
𐓍𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷thah-BAH-xehtransitive verb1bite a string or cord in twocf𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“„π’°π“π’·π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒻𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
𐓍𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷thah-PXOH-keharch. var.π“π’°π“„π“π“Žπ’Όπ’·transitive verb1make a smacking sound with the lips2crack the leaves of the zhaⁿ shabe hu with the tongueThe "zhaⁿ shabe hu" that Dorsey is referring to here is the redbud tree.cf𐒼𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π“π“‚π’Όπ’·π“π’°Ν˜π“„π“π“‚π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒷
π“π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·thah-STSEH-gehtransitive verb1gash the skin, etc., by biting: said of a horse, dog, etc., when biting clothing, etc.cfπ’Όπ’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
𐓍𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷thah-SHGEE-gehtransitive verb1chewπ“π’°π“π“Ž 𐓄𐒰𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷I chew tobacco.2masticatecf𐓄𐓂𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷
π“π’°π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·thah-SHOH-dsehunspec. var.𐓍𐒰𐓇𐓂𐒷transitive verb1smoke (e.g., tobacco)2suckcfπ’Όπ’°π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·π“π’°π“‡π“ˆπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·
𐓍𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷thah-SHPEHtransitive verb1bite off a piece from the outside of an objectcf𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓇𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷3unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓇𐓄𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π“‡π“„π’·π“π“Žπ“‡π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*𐓇𐓄𐒷
π“π’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜thah-SHDAHⁿverb1finish eating or drinking (from)2end or stop an activity involving the mouth3finish or stop eating, drinking, reading, talking, singing, crying, hallooing, etc.cfπ“π’»π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’»π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π“π’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°π“„π’·thah-SHDAH-behunspec. var.π“π’°π“†π“ˆπ’°π“„π’·transitive verb1lick2lick, as sugar off a cookie3tasteunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°π“‡π“ˆπ“‚π“Šπ’·thah-SHDOH-dseharch. var.π“π’°π“‡π“ˆπ“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1draw an object into the mouth by inhalationcfπ“π’°π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“‡π“‚π“Šπ’·π“π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°π“ˆπ’°THAH-tahadverb1left2leftward3lefthand4on the left
π“π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜thah-TAHⁿtransitive verb1drink2drink water, etc.3puff4puff on5smokeunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷thah-ts'AH-geh1leftoveradjective2uneatenadjective3items one was unable to eatnoun4leftoversnouncfπ“„π“‚π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷
π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’°π““π’»thahⁿ-TSAH-zhee1improbablyadverb2against all oddsadverb3impossibleadjective4unableadjectiveunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“π’°π“Šπ’·1thah-TSEHarch. var.𐓍𐒰𐒡𐒷transitive verb1eat2eat any article of food (never used in the abstract)cfπ“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°π“Šπ’·2thah-DSEHtransitive verb1call on someone's name2call, as by name3say the name of something or someone4call5define as6assign a name to something or someone7use a name for something or someone8say9pronounce10read11read (aloud)unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1thahⁿ-TSEHarch. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’΅π’·21possible2suitable3appropriate4could5would6probable7look like8be at the point of happening9might10apt11ablecfπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1
π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2THAHⁿ-dsehunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’΅π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2π“π’°Ν˜π’΅π’·1noun1heart2hearts (suit in a deck of cards)cfπ’Ήπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜π“†π’»π“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“†π“„π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒻1𐓄𐒷 π“π’°π’Ήπ’°π“Š'𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'𐒷𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“‚π“π’»π“†π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°THAHⁿ-dseh OH-thee-sahⁿ-hah1afraidadjective2scarenoun3frightnounheart flutteringunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2π“‚π“π’»π“†π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°
π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“†π’Όπ“Žπ“π’·THAHⁿ-dseh SKOO-thehnoun1sweetheartThis term is a calque of English, which means it is a loan translation from English. In other words, it is an English expression, but translated into Osage.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2π“†π’Όπ“Žπ“π’·
π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“π“Žπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»THAHⁿ-dseh thoo-SAH-geenoun1heart attack2broken heartcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2π“π“Žπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻
π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“π“‚Ν˜THAHⁿ-dseh xohⁿnoun1broken heartcfπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’· π“π“Žπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2π“π“Žπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·2π“π“‚Ν˜
π“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’»thahⁿ-DSEE1a sign of past time
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·THAHⁿ-theh1distributive sign2to each3here and there4now and then
𐓍𐒰𐓏𐒰thah-WAH1countintransitive verb2count outtransitive verb3measuretransitive verbunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜thah-XOHⁿarch. var.π“π’°π“π“ŽΝ˜transitive verb1break by mouth2break by biting or with the mouth3break, as a stick, by biting4bite off the end of a stickcfπ’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’»π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜
π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·thah-XOHⁿ-kehtransitive verb1break into pieces by mouth2chew3chew into pieces4bite into small piecesunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°π“π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’·thah-XDAH-gehtransitive verb1bite2bite, as a dog or snake doesunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·thah-XÜ-xehtransitive verb1crush by bitingunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“π’·
𐓍𐒰𐓒𐓂thah-ZOHunspec. var.𐓍𐒰𐓒𐒲intransitive verb1whoop2lulu3ululateunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»thahⁿ-ZHEEconn1but2thoughcfπ“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜
π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜THAHⁿ-zheeⁿconn1but2though3althoughcfπ“π’°Ν˜π““π’»
π“π’°π““π“‚π“Šπ’·thah-ZHOH-dsehtransitive verb1blow2blow onunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
𐓍𐒰𐓓𐓂𐓓𐒻thah-ZHOH-zheeunspec. var.π“π’°π““π“‚Ν˜π““π’»transitive verb1insult by word2speak ill of3slander4malign5belittleunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
𐓍𐒷1theh1positional article for a singular moving entity2the moving object3that, the aforesaidThis term has an extra suffix added on the first-person and second-person singular conjugations, and are themselves conjugated appropriately. The first-person suffix is -the, and the second-person suffix is -she.cf𐒼𐒷2𐒼𐓇𐒷𐓄𐒰4𐓄𐒷1π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1π“π’°Ν˜π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
𐓍𐒷2thehunspec. var.𐓍𐒻1pronoun1that2this3those4these5theyQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 32) that the variant "thi" of this term is used "especially when followed by accented vowel."cf𐓇𐒷1
𐓍𐒷3thehunspec. var.𐒷31indeed2sentence-final declarative marker ("oral period"; probably once limited to female speech but now optionally used by males as well)3oral period, used by females𐒰𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰 𐓍𐒷I have felled it.
𐓍𐒷 π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·THEH theeⁿ-KSHEH1this standing animate object2this curvilinear object3this partcfπ“π’·π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·
𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰theh-GAHTHEH-gah1there2here3these4be here𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰 π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·I'm here.5in this placeunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2𐒼𐒰
𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜theh-GAH ee-TXAHⁿ1from this place𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜ 𐒰𐒿𐒰𐓄𐒻 𐓂He went homeward from this place.2hencecfπ“π’·π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2𐒼𐒰
𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰theh-GAH-hahadverb1this wayunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰2
π“π’·π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1theh-GAH-tahⁿadverb1therefore
π“π’·π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2theh-GAH-tahⁿ1from this place2hencecf𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰 π’»π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2𐒼𐒰
𐓍𐒷𐒼𐒷THEH-gehpronoun1these scatteredunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2𐒼𐒷2
π“π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜THEH-gohⁿarch. var.π“π’·π’Όπ“ŽΝ˜1in this manner2thuscfπ’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π“π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·theh-GOHⁿ-dsehunspec. var.π“π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’»arch. var.π“π’·π’Όπ“ŽΝ˜ π“ŽΝ˜π“Šπ’»adverb1now2at this momentThis variant form is used more often than its full form.
𐓍𐒷𐒼𐓇𐒷THEH-ksheh1this (lying)2that (lying)unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2𐒼𐓇𐒷
𐓍𐒷𐓁𐒰THEH-nahtheh-NAH1he who was moving in the pastunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷1-𐓁𐒰
𐓍𐒷𐓄𐒰THEH-bahnoun1chin2jaw3under-jaw
𐓍𐒷𐓄𐒰 π’Ήπ“ŽTHEH-bah hΓΌnoun1jaw boneunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷𐓄𐒰
𐓍𐒷𐓆𐒼𐒰𐒿𐒻THEH-skah-leenoun1boil2sore
π“π’·π“ˆπ’°π“‡π“‚Ν˜THEH-tah-shohⁿarch. var.π“π’·π“ˆπ’°π“‡π“ŽΝ˜noun1navel2umbilicus
π“π’·π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜THEH-txahⁿarch. var.π“π’·π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1this standing animate objectcf𐓇𐒷 π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒷2π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’· π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜
π“π’·π“Šπ’·THEH-tseharch. var.𐓍𐒷𐒡𐒷1this collection or pile of inanimate objects2this collection inanimate objects3this standing inanimate objectunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2π“Šπ’·1
π“π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°THEH-thahⁿ-sgah1this sizeπ“„π’°π“ˆπ’°π““π’· π“π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“†π’Όπ’°He was swollen up to this size.2this largecfπ’Ήπ’°π“π’°π“†π’Όπ’°Ν˜
𐓍𐒷𐓍𐒷THEH-thehtransitive verb1cause to go2send off an object3sudden actionunspec. comp. form of𐒰𐓍𐒷-𐓍𐒷
π“π’·π“π“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°THEH-xohⁿ-daharch. var.π“π’·π“π“ŽΝ˜π“ˆπ’°noun1cheek2cheeks
π“π’·π“π“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π’Ήπ’»Ν˜THEH-xohⁿ-dah HEEⁿarch. var.π“π’·π“π“ŽΝ˜π“ˆπ’° π’Ήπ’»Ν˜noun1whiskerscheek hairunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’·π“π“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2
𐓍𐒷𐓒𐒷THEH-zehnoun1tongue
𐓍𐒷𐓒𐒷 π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·THEH-zeh ee-TAH-xehnoun1tip of the tongueunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’·π“’π’·π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·
𐓍𐒻2theeunspec. var.𐓁𐒻3π“π’»Ν˜1π“π’»Ν˜21sentence-final marker for command to singular addressee
π“π’»Ν˜1theeⁿintransitive verb1to be2be (a certain way)3live as4exist as5be characterized by [the immediately preceding word or phrase, which may be a noun phrase]
𐓍𐒻 𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰THEE ah-KXAH1this one who stands, or who is the subject of an actionFor this term, the ending "e" changes to an "i" when the first sound on the next word is "a".unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒷2𐒰𐒼𐓐𐒰2
𐓍𐒻𐒴𐒰thee-BRAHunspec. var.π“π“Žπ’΄π’°transitive verb1spread, spread out, as a clothunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π’΄π’°Ν˜thee-BRAHⁿtransitive verb1smellunspec. comp. form ofπ’΄π’°Ν˜
π“π’»π’΄π’»Ν˜π“π’°thee-BREEⁿ-xahintransitive verb1fart loudly2make a loud fart3break wind noisilycfπ“π’»π“„π’»π“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3π“π’»π““π’»π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°thee-BROO-skahtransitive verb1wad up2flattenunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-π’΄π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’°
𐓍𐒻𐒷THEE-ehcont. var.𐓍𐒻31youpronoun2you (emphatic)pronoun3your turn4thou5thee6yecfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π’·2𐓏𐒻𐒷
π“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜thee-HAHⁿTHEE-hahⁿunspec. var.𐓍𐒻𐒹𐒰transitive verb1lift, pick up, hold up, or raise someone or somethingMost verbs using instrumental prefixes have the stress on the second syllable in their base forms (third-person singular). However, this entry either has a second pronunciation variant that has stress on the first syllable, or simply only has stress on the first syllable.cfπ“„π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜
π“π’»Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜theeⁿ-HAHⁿyeeⁿ-HAHⁿunspec. var.π“π’»Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜1feminine imperative ending - implies strong command or prohibition2command, if not preceded by waⁿda3prohibition, if preceded by waⁿdaFemaleThe "waⁿda" noted in the definitions of this entry are placed before the verb, or if the sentence/clause is longer, it is placed after the subject of the sentence/clause, but before the object. For example, waⁿda + VERB + thiⁿhaⁿ, or SUBJECT + waⁿda + OBJECT + VERB + thiⁿhaⁿ.
π“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°thee-HAHⁿ-kahnoun1sister-in-law (wife's sister) (your)2sister-in-law (brother's wife, of a male) (your)cfπ’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐓍𐒻𐒹𐒻thee-HEEtransitive verb1scare an animal out of its retreat2scare off an animal, even when it is on the open prairie3scare a bird, animal, etc., out of its retreatunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·thee-HLOHⁿ-kehthee-LOHⁿ-kehunspec. var.𐓍𐒻𐒹𐒿𐓂𐒼𐒷arch. var.π“π’»π“π“π“Žπ’Όπ’·transitive verb1pinch2grasp in the claws, as the crawfish did the raccoonsunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’·thee-HLOH-dsehthee-LOH-dseharch. var.π“π’»π“π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·π“π“Žπ“π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1peel2pull off a hide, as from a deer3peel, as fruit, by pulling off the skin4pull off skin, as from an animalcfπ“„π’°π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-*π’Ήπ’Ώπ“‚π“Šπ’·
π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜thee-HOHⁿnoun1mother (your)cfπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’»π“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜
π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜thee-HOHⁿ-tahⁿnoun1aunt (mother's older sister) yourcfπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2π’»π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜thee-HOHⁿ-zheeⁿnoun1aunt (mother's younger sister) (your)cfπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·1theeⁿ-KEHunspec. var.π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·2π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·11lack a thing2be devoid of3be lackingadjective4not have something any longeradjective5have nothingadjective6be without any thingadjective7be in want ofadjective8have noneadjective9there is noneadjective10none11gone12absent13extinct14nonexistent15lacking16pass away17vanish18not19not at all
π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’°π“π’·theeⁿ-KEH-wah-thehtransitive verb1exterminateunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·1𐓏𐒰-3-𐓍𐒷
𐓍𐒻𐒼𐓂thee-KOHnoun1grandmother (your)2mother-in-law (husband's mother) (your)Quintero notes that when this term is used to express "your mother-in-law," it is "used only when speaking to a woman."3great aunt (mother's mother's sister) (your)4great aunt (father's mother's sister) (your)5mother's cousin (mother's mother's brother's daughter) (your)6father's cousin (father's mother's brother's daughter) (your)cf𐒻𐒼𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*𐒼𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*𐒼𐓂
π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·theeⁿ-KSHEHunspec. var.π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·2π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·1π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’»π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’»1sitting singular animate or inanimate positional article (follows a noun or pronoun [usually not the subject of a sentence] that represents a singular sitting entity or singular round entity)2the one who3he or she who4the sitting animate object5the standing animate object6the curvilinear inanimate object7the curvilinear inanimate object (excluding land)8third person sitting continuative aspect markerDorsey notes that, "After a verb of motion, as gthe (le), it denotes a person riding." In one respect, this term can be thought of almost like how adding -ing to a verb in English indicates an ongoing action. The variant of this term (iⁿkshe) is used more often in modern Osage.While this is the full and/or main version of this term, its variant (usually contracted) is used more often.cf𐒼𐒷2π’Όπ“‡π’·π“€π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π“„π’°4𐓄𐒷1π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜π“Šπ’·1π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·1
π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π“π’°theeⁿ-KSHEH-nah1he who was sitting in the past2they who were sitting together in the pastunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·-𐓁𐒰
π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π“Šπ’»theeⁿ-KSHEH-dsee1to, by, or near the standing animate object2to, by, or near the one whocfπ’Όπ“‡π’·π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ“‡π’·π’·π“Šπ’»2π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’·π“Šπ’»2unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·π’·π“Šπ’»2
π“π’»π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·thee-KSHEEⁿ-dsehunspec. var.π“π“Žπ’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·transitive verb1failure to get a good grasp or hold2fail to grasp an object, letting the hand pass by it3fail to grasp, as an animal, which is too active, eluding capturecfπ’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π’°π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-*π’Όπ“‡π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·
𐓍𐒻𐒿𐒷𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷thee-LEH-leh-zeharch. var.π“π’»π’Όπ“π’·π’Όπ“π’·π“’π’·π“π“Žπ’Όπ“π’·π’Όπ“π’·π“’π’·1forked lightningnoun2lightning that breaks into branches (forked lightning)noun3draw a forked or wavy linetransitive verbThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
π“π’»π“€π“‚Ν˜thee-MOHⁿtransitive verb1sharpenunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
𐓍𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰thee-NEE-kahnoun1husband (your)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 155) that "nihka Γ°ihta is perferred over Γ°inihka."cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·2unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π’»π“π’»π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’±π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“π’»π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰
𐓍𐒻𐓂𐓄𐒰𐒹𐒷thee-OH-bah-hehnoun1the side of a solid inanimate object2the flank of an army, etc.3the side of a tribal circle, etc.
𐓍𐒻𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷thee-BAH-xehtransitive verb1break a cord in two by pullingcf𐒼𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“π’·π“π’°Ν˜π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-π“„π’°π“π’·π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒷
π“π’»π“„π’»π“π’°Ν˜thee-BEE-xahⁿunspec. var.𐓍𐒻𐓄𐒻𐓐𐒰intransitive verb1fart2pass air or gas3break windcfπ“π’»π’΄π’»Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3π“π’»π““π’»π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π“„π“Žπ“’π’·thee-BOO-zehtransitive verb1drycfπ“„π“Žπ“’π’·π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Žπ“’π’·-𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-π“„π“Žπ“’π’·
𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻1thee-SGEEtransitive verb1grab2grasp someone by the scruff of the neck3wad up or wad together (e.g., clothing at the back of the neck)unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻2thee-SGEEtransitive verb1collect or assemble togetherunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜thee-SOHⁿ-eh-zheeⁿunspec. var.π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’°π““π’»Ν˜noun1brother (younger, of a female) (your)cfπ’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜
π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°thee-SOHⁿ-kahnoun1brother (younger, of a male) (your)cfπ’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷thee-SHEE-k'ehnoun1brother-in-law (husband's brother, of a female) (your)2brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a female) (your)3brother-in-law (husband's sister's husband, of a female) (your)cf𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷𐓏𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷
π“π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜thee-SHEE-kxahⁿnoun1sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (your)2sister-in-law (brother's wife) (your)3sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (your)4sister-in-law (your)Quintreo notes (Osage Dictionary, page 40) that this term is "probably used only when speaking to a woman about her sister-in-law."cfπ’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜
𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒻𐓄𐒷thee-SHEE-behtransitive verb1pull open2unstrapcfπ“π’»π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓇𐒻𐓄𐒷unspec. var. of*π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·
𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒼𐒻thee-SHGEEunspec. var.π“π“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’»transitive verb1wring out a garment after washing it2wash (e.g., clothes, one's own or another's hair)3laundercf𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷thee-SHGEE-gehunspec. var.π“π“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’»π’Όπ’·transitive verb1wring clothing after washing itcf𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒼𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜thee-SHGEE-dahⁿ1you too2you, for your part3you too, or for your partMalecfπ’·π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒷2π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’»π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻3π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻3cont. var. ofπ“π’»π’·π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒼𐒻
π“π’»π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜thee-SHDAHⁿunspec. var.π“π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜transitive verb1finish2stop3stop (e.g., the weather stops doing something)4end5already (did something)6be finished (doing something) [approximate translation]7be finished8be through9be readyπ“‡π’΅π’»π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜?Are you ready?10drop11cease12let go of an object13finish or completecfπ“π’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-*π“‡π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π“π’»π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·thee-SHOO-behthee-SHÜ-behunspec. var.π“π“Žπ“‡π“Žπ“„π’·transitive verb1open (e.g., a can)2unlock and open (e.g., a door, a box)cf𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒻𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3*𐓇𐒻𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-*π“‡π“Žπ“„π’·
π“π’»π“ˆπ’°THEE-tahpronoun1your2yours3be yours4thy5thinecfπ’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1thee-DAHⁿtransitive verb1pull2pull, as with the handscfπ“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2thee-TAHⁿarch. var.𐓍𐒻𐒡'π’°Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆ'π’°Ν˜transitive verb1touch or feel an object with the hands2touch or feel3touch with the hand4feel someone or something5grasp6handle, knead, work something with the hand (e.g., when cutting up squash and removing seeds to get it ready to cook or when getting dance clothes ready to be used by hanging them out to air)unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°thee-TAHⁿ-hahnoun1uncle (father's sister's husband) (your)2brother-in-law (wife's brother) (your)3brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a male) (your)Quintero notes that this term is "used only when speaking to a man."cfπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°
π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·thee-TAHⁿ-kehnoun1sister (older) (your)Quintero notes, "The 'older sister' terms designate the older of the sisters, not necessarily someone older than the person speaking. They are also used between two female friends without regard to relative age."cfπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π““π’»thee-DAH-zheetransitive verb1put out a fire with the hands2put out a lightunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-π“ˆπ’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐒰𐓓𐒻unspec. var. ofπ“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“ˆπ’°π““π’»
π“π’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜thee-TEH-zheeⁿunspec. var.π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’±π““π’»Ν˜noun1sister (younger) (your)Quintero notes, "The sister designated by a 'younger sister' term need not be younger than the speaker, just younger than another sister."cfπ’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜
π“π’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·thee-TOHⁿ-dsehnoun1son-in-law (daughter's husband) (your)cfπ’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·
π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»theeⁿ-DSEH-geenoun1uncle (mother's brother) (your)cfπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜-*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜-unspec. var. of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚thee-TSEE-gohnoun1grandfather (your)2father-in-law (your)cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»thee-TSEE-meenoun1aunt (father's sister) (your)cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»thee-TSEE-neenoun1daughter-in-law (son's wife) (your)cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“π’»π“€π’»Ν˜ π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜4π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“π’»
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·thee-tsee-OH-zhahⁿ-kehcont. var.π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·noun1niece (brother's daughter, of a female) (your)cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π“π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚thee-TSEEⁿ-dohnoun1brother (older, of a female) (your)cfπ’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚π“π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“’π’·thee-DSEE-zehtransitive verb1dust or clean (e.g., the house)2move𐒰𐒿𐒻˙ π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“’π’·3remove4take awaycfπ“„π’°π“Šπ’»π“’π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚thee-TSEE-zhohnoun1cousin (father's sister's daughter) (your)2niece (sister's daughter, of a male) (your)Quintero notes that this sense is "used only when speaking to a man."cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚π“π’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚
π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°thee-TSOH-shkahnoun1nephew (wife's brother's son) (your)2nephew (sister's son, of a male) (your)3nephew (brother's son, of a female) (your)4cousin (father's sister's son) (your)5grandchild (your)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 36) that "use as 'grandchild' is unexpected."cfπ’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°
π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°thee-TSOH-shpahnoun1grandchild (your)cfπ’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°
π“π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·thee-THAH-dsehnoun1father (your)2uncle (father's brother) (your)cfπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“π’°π“Šπ’·
π“π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜thee-THAH-dseh-zheeⁿunspec. var.π“π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’»π““π’»Ν˜noun1uncle (father's brother) (your)cfπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“π’°π“Šπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐓍𐒻𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻thee-THEE-sgeetransitive verb1collect or draw a number of things into one place2cause inanimate objects to be gathered togetherunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻𐓆𐒼𐒻2unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3
𐓍𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂thee-WAH-k'ohnoun1wife (your)cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π’»π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂
𐓍𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜thee-WAH-k'oh-zheeⁿnoun1mother-in-law (your)cf𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’°π’Ό'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π““π’»Ν˜
𐓍𐒻𐓐𐒻thee-XEEunspec. var.π“π“Žπ“π’»transitive verb1wakeunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓐𐒻
𐓍𐒻𐓐𐓂thee-XOHtransitive verb1dragunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-𐓐𐓂𐓏𐒷unspec. var. of𐓍𐒻𐓐𐓂𐓏𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3𐓐𐓂𐓏𐒷
π“π’»π“π“‚Ν˜thee-XOHⁿtransitive verb1break by handcfπ’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜-π“π“‚Ν˜π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-π“π“‚Ν˜
𐓍𐒻𐓐𐓂𐓏𐒷thee-XOH-wehunspec. var.𐓍𐒻𐓐𐓂arch. var.π“π’»π“π“‚π’·π“π’»π“π“Žπ“π’·transitive verb1drag along, as the raccoon does his tailunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-𐓐𐓂𐓏𐒷
π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜2thee-ZHEEⁿtransitive verb1stretch an open skin by pullingunspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·thee-ZHEEⁿ-kehnoun1son (your)2nephew (brother's son, of a male) (your)3nephew (sister's son, of a female) (your)cfπ’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π“π’»π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜thee-ZHEE-dahⁿ1you too, or for your partFemalecfπ“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻3π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻3cont. var. ofπ“π’»π’·π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π“π’»π““π’»π“Šπ’·thee-ZHEE-dsehintransitive verb1break wind2fart (with a small noise, by letting the air out slowly)cfπ“π’»π’΄π’»Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3π“π’»π“„π’»π“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·thee-ZHEEⁿ-thehcont. var.π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜1π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’·noun1brother (older, of a male) (your)cfπ’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·
π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°thee-ZHOHⁿ-ahnoun1sister (older, of a female) (your)cfπ’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°
π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·thee-ZHOHⁿ-kehnoun1daughter (your)2niece (brother's daughter, of a male) (your)3niece (sister's daughter, of a female) (your)cfπ’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·
𐓍𐒻𐓓𐓂𐓓𐒻thee-ZHOH-zheetransitive verb1hurt or harm another physically2mistreat3harm another mentally, emotionally (e.g., by humiliating another or by dying)4cause another to suffer (purposely on the part of the agent)unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. var. ofπ“π“Ž-𐒰𐓓𐒻
𐓍𐓂𐒹𐒰THOH-hahunspec. var.π“π“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜arch. var.π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°adverb1almost2nearly3about (to) (implies that the event is likely to occur)cf𐓂𐓍𐓂𐒹𐒰
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°thohⁿ-BAHarch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’°adjective1two
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°thohⁿ-BAH-haharch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°adverb1in two places2apartunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’Ήπ’°2
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜thohⁿ-BAH-dahⁿarch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1two at a timeunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’°π“„π’·thohⁿ-BAH-dahⁿ EE-dah-thah-beharch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’°π“„π’·noun1twinsunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π“ˆπ’°2-𐓍𐒷-𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of-𐒰𐓄𐒻𐓍𐒷3
π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’»Ν˜thohⁿ-BEEⁿ1twiceunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“„π’°-π’»Ν˜
π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜THOH-tahⁿunspec. var.π“π“‚π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“π“Žπ“ˆπ“‚Ν˜arch. var.π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜2adjective1straight
π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°π“π’·THOH-dah-thehtransitive verb1be friendly with2dwell in friendship with instead of trying to kill3regard as a friendunspec. comp. form of-𐓍𐒷
𐓍𐓂𐓍𐓂THOH-thoh1greasyadjective2stainnoun
𐓍𐓂𐓐𐒷THOH-xeharch. var.π“π“Žπ“π’·2noun1buffalo2a kind of bison, or buffalo with reddish-yellow hair, and long legs (the other buffaloes are dark)3Buffalo clancfπ“Šπ’·2
π“π“‚Ν˜π“π“ŽTHOHⁿ-xoonoun1lung2lungs
π“π“Žπ’°π“π’·thΓΌ-AH-xehtransitive verb1pull up, as a blanket, and uncover what is beneathcfπ“π“Žπ’°π“’π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ’°π“’π’·thoo-AH-zehtransitive verb1open (e.g., a door, a window, the lid on a box)cfπ“π“Žπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ’΄π’°π“’π’·thΓΌ-BRAH-zeharch. var.π“π“Žπ“„π“π’°π“’π’·transitive verb1tear, as clothing, by pulling2tear or break open by haulingunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-𐒴𐒰𐓒𐒷
π“π“Žπ’΄π’·π“’π’°Ν˜π“π’°thΓΌ-BREH-zahⁿ-thahtransitive verb1make wither, and droop, past recovery, as vegetation, by pulling or holdingunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ’΄π’»Ν˜thΓΌ-BREEⁿarch. var.π“π“Žπ“„π“π’»Ν˜transitive verb1turn around in a circle, as an augerunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°π“‡π’»Ν˜thΓΌ-HAH-sheeⁿtransitive verb1turn an object inside outcfπ’Ήπ’°π“‡π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°π“Šπ’»thΓΌ-HAH-tseetransitive verb1remove with his family to a short distanceunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ’Όπ’°thΓΌ-GAHtransitive verb1husk corn2pull the husk from an ear of cornunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜thΓΌ-KAH-mahⁿtransitive verb1ring, as a bell, by pulling a ropeunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π’Όπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜
π“π“Žπ’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·thΓΌ-KOH-gehunspec. var.𐓍𐒻𐒼𐓂𐒼𐒷arch. var.π“π“Žπ’Όπ“Žπ’Όπ’·adjective1be cramped2cramp3drawn up, cramped, as the muscles of the hand, foot, leg, or stomachTo refer to a specific body part being cramped, say the body part first, followed by the appropriate conjugation of this term.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ’Ώπ’°π“π’°thΓΌ-LAH-thaharch. var.π“π“Žπ’Όπ“π’°π“π’°transitive verb1uncoil or straighten what is coiled2undo a string by pulling3undo a string by pulling it4unravel or unbraid with the hand5unbraid or unravel with the handunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-𐒿𐒰𐓍𐒰
π“π“Žπ’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°thoo-LAHⁿ-thahthΓΌ-LAHⁿ-thaharch. var.π“π“Žπ’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’°transitive verb1miss, as in trying to grasp any object2fail to grasp an object because it is too large3fail to grasp any object, because it is too large4drop an object because he has but a slight hold on itcfπ“„π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“„π’°π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“„π’»π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°π“„π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’°
π“π“Žπ’Ώπ’·π“’π’·thΓΌ-LEH-zeharch. var.π“π’»π’Όπ“π’·π“’π’·π“π“Žπ’Όπ“π’·π“’π’·transitive verb1make striped by drawing something over or across an object2draw stripesunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
π“π“Žπ“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»thoo-MAHⁿ-sheeunspec. var.π“π“Žπ“€π’°π“‡π’»transitive verb1pull up2hold up3raise4liftcfπ“„π’°π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“€π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»
π“π“Žπ“„π’°π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’»π“Šπ’·thΓΌ-PAH-mahⁿ-KEE-dsehtransitive verb1make one stoop or bow the head by pulling his hair, neck, or armunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“„π’·π“Šπ’·thoo-PEH-dsehnoun1lighter2flashlight3matchesunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“„π’·π“Šπ’·
π“π“Žπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»thoo-SAH-geetransitive verb1shock2stun3instill fear inunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻
π“π“Žπ“†π’·thoo-SEHtransitive verb1cut (e.g., with scissors)cf𐒼𐒰𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓆𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓆𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*𐓆𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓆𐒷
π“π“Žπ“†π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°thΓΌ-SGEE-dahtransitive verb1tie a pack or bundle very tightly, so as to make an indentationunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·thΓΌ-STSEH-gehtransitive verb1make one gash or slit, as in the skin of the hand, or in clothing, with scissors, or by pulling against some sharp object, as a blade of grass which breaks in the handcfπ’Όπ’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·thΓΌ-STSEH-stseh-gehtransitive verb1tear into shreds, as clothing, by pulling briers, etc., from it, or by pulling the garments themselves2cut into shreds with scissorsThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cfπ’Όπ’°π“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“„π’°π“†π“Šπ’·π“†π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜thoo-SHKAHⁿunspec. var.π“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜transitive verb1start (e.g., a car motor)2place in operationunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜
π“π“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’»π’Όπ’·thΓΌ-SHGEE-gehunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. var. of𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒼𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3
π“π“Žπ“‡π“‚Ν˜thoo-SHOHⁿthΓΌ-SHOHⁿunspec. var.π“π’»π“‡π“‚Ν˜arch. var.π“π“Žπ“‡π“ŽΝ˜transitive verb1bend one's limb or body part (e.g., leg or arm)2dislocate by pulling out of place3dislocate by pullingunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“‡π“„π’·thΓΌ-SHPEHtransitive verb1pull off a piece from the surface of an objectcf𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓇𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷3unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓇𐓄𐒷𐓄𐓂𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-*𐓇𐓄𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1*𐓇𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓇𐓄𐒷
π“π“Žπ“‡π“„π“ŽthΓΌ-SHPÜtransitive verb1shell dried corn with the handcfπ“„π’°π“‡π“„π“Ž1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“„π’°π“‡π“„π“Ž2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°thoo-SHDAHtransitive verb1make bald or bare2jerk someone's hair out3denudeunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°
π“π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°thoo-SHDAH-hahtransitive verb1ironcfπ“„π’°π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°π“„π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“„π“Ž-1π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ’°
π“π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’·thoo-SHDAH-gehtransitive verb1undress2relieve someone of clothingunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ“‚π“Šπ’·thΓΌ-SHDOH-dsehthoo-SHDOH-dseharch. var.π“π“Žπ“‡π“ˆπ“Žπ“Šπ’·transitive verb1pull off, as a garment2pull an object out of a hole, etc.cfπ“π’°π“‡π“ˆπ“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°THÜ-tahnoun1birds of the pigeon genus, including doves2dove or pigeon known to the Osages
π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜1thΓΌ-DAHⁿtransitive verb1pull an object with the hands, etc.cfπ“„π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-3unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’°thoo-DAH-pahtransitive verb1make roundunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“ˆπ’°π“„π’°
π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰thΓΌ-DAH-ts'eh-gahtransitive verb1make grass, etc., wither by pulling or holdingunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“ˆπ’°π“Š'𐒷𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-
π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π“π’°thΓΌ-TAH-thaharch. var.π“π“Žπ“ˆ'𐒰𐓍𐒰transitive verb1pull open or apart2make a rope come unplaited by dragging itcfπ’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“ˆπ’°π“π’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“ˆπ’°π“π’°
π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π““π’»thoo-DAH-zheeunspec. var.π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π““π’»π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π““π’·transitive verb1turn off2switch off3extinguishcfπ“„π’»π“ˆπ’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒻-π“ˆπ’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“ˆπ’°π““π’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“ˆπ’°-𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“π“Žπ“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷thΓΌ-ts'AH-gehtransitive verb1unable to do, make, or complete anything, as for want of sufficient time2unable to lift or pull an object because it is too heavy3failunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷
π“π“Žπ“Šπ’°π“„π’°thΓΌ-DSAH-pahtransitive verb1break, as cord, or a stick, by pulling with the handsunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-π“Šπ’°π“„π’°
π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·thΓΌ-DSEHtransitive verb1eat in small pieces, one by one, as marrow taken from a bonecfπ“π’°π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“Šπ“ŽTHÜ-tsΓΌunspec. var.π“π’»π“Šπ’»noun1rib2ribs
π“π“Žπ“π’°π“†π“Žthoo-WAH-soounspec. var.π“π“Žπ“π’°π“†π’»transitive verb1clean up2cleanse3clean, disinfect (e.g., a buffalo hide)unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“π’·THOO-wehTHÜ-wehnoun1waist2diaphragm3rib cage4side of a person
π“π“Žπ“π’· π’°π“π“Žπ“†π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’·THÜ-weh AH-thΓΌ-sdah-gehnoun1girthThis refers to the girth on a saddle.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Žπ“π’·π’°π“π“Žπ“†π“ˆπ’°π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2π“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“π’·π“π’»π’·THOO-weh-nee-ehnoun1pneumoniadiaphragm hurtunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Žπ“π’·π“π’»π’·2
π“π“Žπ“π’»Ν˜thoo-WEEⁿTHOO-weeⁿtransitive verb1buyunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“π’°π“π’°thΓΌ-XAH-wahtransitive verb1fold back from, as a sleeve or pants, with the handcf𐓄𐒰𐓐𐒰𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐓐𐒰𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-𐓐𐒰𐓏𐒰
π“π“Žπ“π’·1THOO-xehthoo-XEHTHÜ-xehthΓΌ-xehunspec. var.𐓍𐒻𐓐𐒷transitive verb1pursue2chase3mate4take as a sexual partnerunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“π’»π“π’°thΓΌ-XEE-thahtransitive verb1pull a person, etc., to the ground, as when he has been standing2pull down a person, etc.: said of what touches the ground at one endcf𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰1
π“π“Žπ“π“‚thΓΌ-XOHtransitive verb1draw2make marks on paper, etc.3make such marks as are made on arrows4make such marks as are on arrowsunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜thoo-XBAH-weeⁿtransitive verb1lift off2remove, take down (e.g., from a shelf or the back of a truck)3unloadunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ“’π’°π““π’»thoo-ZAH-zheetransitive verb1rejectnot takeThis term is composed of a verb plus the negator "azhi." Both the term AND azhi need to be conjugated properly.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Žπ“’π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-𐒰𐓓𐒻
π“π“Žπ“’π’·thoo-ZEHTHOO-zehTHÜ-zehunspec. var.π“π“Žπ“’π’»transitive verb1take2receive3accept4select5choose6get7draw (water)8gather or pick (e.g., fruit)unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ““π’°thoo-ZHAHunspec. var.π“π“Žπ““π’°Ν˜π“π“Žπ““π’°π“π’°transitive verb1wash2wash (e.g., dishes, parts of the body, food items, a car)This particular entry is considered the more accurate way to express this idea in modern Osage.unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“π“Žπ““π’°π“„π’·thΓΌ-ZHAH-behthoo-ZHAH-behtransitive verb1peel, as a cooked potato, by pulling off the skin2peel off bark (not human or animal skin)cf𐓄𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-2*𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷𐓄𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷2unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1*𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-*𐓓𐒰𐓄𐒷
π“π“Žπ““π“‚π’·thΓΌ-ZHOH-eharch. var.π“π“Žπ““π“Žπ“π’·transitive verb1remove the skin or hull of any object by cutting with a knife (the knife being drawn toward the agent)2hull, as beans, hazelnuts, walnuts, etc., when greencfπ“π’°π“ˆπ’°π““π“‚π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“ˆπ’°-unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-
π“Ž
π“Žπ“Šπ’·ΓΌ-DSEHnoun1the base or lower part of a mountain, stream, etc.cfπ’Ήπ“Žπ“Šπ’·
π“Žπ“Šπ’·π“ˆπ’°1ΓΌ-DSEH-tahadverb1below2down from above3at the foot or bottomcfπ“Žπ“Šπ’·π“ˆπ’°2unspec. comp. form ofπ“Žπ“Šπ’·π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Žπ“Šπ’·π“ˆπ’°4
π“Žπ“Šπ’·π“ˆπ’°2ΓΌ-DSEH-tahnoun1Little Osagesthose who camped at the foot of the mountainDorsey notes about the term udseta that, "From this is derived the name of the "Little Osages," ÜtΝ“sΝ“ehta, Those who camped at the foot of the mountain." This term is also the name of a dialect of Osage.cfπ“Žπ“Šπ’·π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Žπ“Šπ’·π“ˆπ’°4unspec. comp. form ofπ“Žπ“Šπ’·π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form ofπ“Žπ“Šπ’·π“ˆπ’°4
π“Žπ““π’·OO-zhehnoun1vagina
𐓏
π“π’°π’΄π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’»Ν˜wah-BRAHⁿ-leeⁿnoun1perfumeunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π’΄π’°Ν˜π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜
π“π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜wah-HAHⁿnoun1yarn
π“π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒷wah-HAHⁿ GAH-xehnoun1yarn work (as product or activity)yarn makingunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’·1
π“π’°π’Ήπ“Žwah-HOOwah-HÜnoun1bone2bones
𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂wah-k'OHnoun1woman2wife
π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚Ν˜wahⁿ-KOHⁿadverb1quickly
𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂 π’»π“ˆπ’°wah-k'OH EE-tahnoun1wife (his/her)cf𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°
𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°wah-k'OH THEE-tahnoun1wife (your)cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂 π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π’»π“ˆπ’°1𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°wah-k'OH WEE-tahnoun1wife (my)cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂 π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π’»π“ˆπ’°1𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂𐓄𐒰wah-k'OH-pahnoun1daughter (first) (my)2eldest daughtercfπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’°π“†π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“€π’»π“π’°π“π’°π’Ό'π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂
𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂𐓄𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°wah-k'OH-pah THEE-tahnoun1daughter (first) (your)cf𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜wah-k'OH-tahⁿnoun1daughter (first) (my)2daughter (eldest) (my)3daughter (first) (your)4daughter (eldest) (your)5daughter (first) (his/her)6daughter (eldest) (his/her)cfπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’°π“†π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“€π’»π“π’°π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°wah-KOHⁿ-dahunspec. var.π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜noun1God
π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’° 𐒻𐒷 𐓂𐓍𐒰𐒼𐒷wah-KOHⁿ-dah EE-eh oh-THAH-gehnoun1preachertell's God's wordunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π’»π’·π“‚π“π’°π’Όπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·wah-KOHⁿ-dah ee-ZHEEⁿ-kehnoun1Jesus ChristGod - his sonunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’· π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜wah-KOHⁿ-dah ee-ZHEEⁿ-keh ee-HOHⁿnoun1mother of Jesus, MaryGod's son's motherunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π’»π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ“‚Ν˜
π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜wah-KOHⁿ-dah MAHⁿ-zhahⁿnoun1heavencfπ“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜ π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π“π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“π’· π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜
π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»wah-KOHⁿ-dah-tseenoun1church2house of Godunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“Šπ’»1
π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·wah-GOHⁿ-zeh1teach (in general)intransitive verb2teachernoun3ministernoununspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“’π’·1
𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜wah-k'OH-zheeⁿnoun1little woman2little old woman3elderly woman4crone5mother-in-law (my)unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜wahⁿ-KOHⁿ-zheeⁿunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“ƒπ““π’»Ν˜adverb1right away2immediatelyunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π’»π“ˆπ’°wah-k'OH-zheeⁿ EE-tahnoun1mother-in-law (his/her)cf𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’°π’Ό'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’°π’Ό'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°
𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°wah-k'OH-zheeⁿ THEE-tahnoun1mother-in-law (your)cf𐓍𐒻𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’°π’Ό'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“ˆπ’°1𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°wah-k'OH-zheeⁿ WEE-tahnoun1mother-in-law (my)cf𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π’»π“ˆπ’°1𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜ π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
𐓏𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷wah-LEH-zehnoun1bookunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
𐓏𐒰𐒿𐒻2wah-LEEarch. var.𐓏𐒰𐓐𐓍𐒻1stingy2uncharitable3unwilling to give4selfish5undue value placed upon certain property
π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜WAH-leeⁿunspec. var.𐓏𐒰𐒿𐒻1adverb1very2very much3greatly4indeed5really6extremely7so very8a great deal9a lot10so very much (used also in expressions with 'too much')
π“π’°π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°wah-LOO-shgahwah-LÜ-shgahnoun1bug2insect3insects4worm5vermin6joker (in a deck of cards)
π“π’°π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’° π’Ήπ’»Ν˜ 𐓇𐒼𐓂𐓄𐒷wah-LOO-shgah heeⁿ SHGOH-behwah-LÜ-shgah heeⁿ SHGOH-behnoun1caterpillarinsect with thick hairunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°π’Ήπ’»Ν˜2𐓇𐒼𐓂𐓄𐒷
π“π’°π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷wah-LOO-shgah SAH-behwah-LÜ-shgah SAH-behnoun1cricketblack insectunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π“„π’·
π“π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·wah-NAHⁿ-xehWAH-nahⁿ-xehwah-NAH-xehnoun1spirit2holy spirit3ghost4soulunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·2
π“π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“π’· π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜wah-NAHⁿ-xeh MAHⁿ-zhahⁿwah-NAH-xeh MAHⁿ-zhahⁿnoun1spirit landcfπ“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜ π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜π“π’°π’Ώπ’»Ν˜π“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’° π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όπ“‚Ν˜π“ˆπ’°π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π’°Ν˜π“π’·2π“€π’°Ν˜π““π’°Ν˜
π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜wah-NOHⁿnoun1elderunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π“‚Ν˜1
π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·wah-NOHⁿ-breharch. var.π“π’°π“π“ŽΝ˜π“„π“π’·1eatintransitive verb2eat a mealintransitive verb3eat, in generalintransitive verb4to have eatenintransitive verb5dineintransitive verb6mealnoun7breakfast, dinner, or suppernoun8dinnernoun9supper (meal served at noon or in the evening)noun10nourishmentnoun11foodnoun12peyotenoununspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·
π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·π“π’»wah-NOHⁿ-breh-NEEnoun1peyote teaunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·π“π’»1
π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·π“Šπ’»wah-NOHⁿ-breh-TSEEnoun1restaurant2cafeeating houseunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π“‚Ν˜π’΄π’·π“Šπ’»1
π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“„'π’»Ν˜wah-NOHⁿ-p'eeⁿunspec. var.π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“„'π’·π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“„π“π’»Ν˜noun1necklace2gorget3choker4medallion5medal (part of Osage dance clothing)something worn around the neckunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π“‚Ν˜π“„'π’»Ν˜
𐓏𐒰𐓄𐒰 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰WAH-bah NEE-kahnoun1Delaware (tribe or tribal member)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“π’°π““π’°π““π’·π“π’°π““π“‚π’Ώπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰
𐓏𐒰𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷wah-BAH-leh-zehintransitive verb1writing (in general)unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐓄𐒰𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷1unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰-1𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
𐓏𐒰𐓄𐒷WAH-behnoun1a month of the summer or doge season, answering, perhaps, to Aprildigging or farmingThis word contains a word that does not exist in modern Osage (perhaps older Osage had this term). That term is the Ponca/Omaha 'e (to dig). While modern Osage does not specifically have this term (Osage uses k'e), that term still exists in the construction of this entry. The full breakdown of this term therefore is wa + e + be which becomes wΓ‘be.cfπ’Ήπ“Žπ“π’·π’Ήπ’Ώπ’°π“Šπ’· π““π“Žπ“ˆπ’°π“„π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3-𐓄𐒷unspec. comp. form of-𐒰𐓄𐒻𐓍𐒷3
𐓏𐒰𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷wah-SAH-behnoun1black bear2bearTechnically this term is used for the black bear, however it can be used for a generic term for bear.unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷
𐓏𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰wah-SGAHadjective1white, as an inanimate object nearbyunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐓆𐒼𐒰1
𐓏𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒰wah-SGAH-hahadjective1white all over or all alongunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐓆𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐓆𐒼𐒰1
𐓏𐒰𐓆𐓄𐒷WAH-spehadjective1motionless2still3quietThis adjective is not conjugated/inflected, but instead is used with stand-alone "to be" verbs such as bthiⁿ, niⁿ, etc., and/or continuative aspect terms such as miⁿkshe, niⁿkshe, etc. Note that different adjectives may use these terms in different ways.
π“π’°π“†π“Žπ’Ήπ“Žwah-SOO-hoounspec. var.π“π’°π“†π“Žπ’Ήπ’»adjective1clean2clean(ly)3clear(ly)4pureDorsey notes that this term is "said of inanimate objects."
π“π’°π“‡π’Όπ’°Ν˜wah-SHKAHⁿ1try hardintransitive verb2do one's bestintransitive verb3make an effortintransitive verb4struggleintransitive verb5strengthnoun6mightnoun7forcenoun8powernoun
𐓏𐒰𐓇𐓂𐓇𐒷wah-SHOH-shehadjective1brave
π“π’°π“ˆπ’°wah-DAH1prayverb2pray for someone or somethingverb3ask a favorverb4request somethingverb5solicit, petition, or beg for something from someoneverb6grace (said at mealtime)noun7prayer of any kindnoununspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“ˆπ’°3
π“π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°wah-TAHⁿ-kahnoun1great ones or principalscf𐒼𐒰𐒹𐒻𐒼𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“π’°π“ˆπ’°π“π’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜wah-DAH-xahⁿ-xahⁿnoun1lightning bugunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“ˆπ’°-
π“π’°π“ˆπ’°π““π“‚π’·wah-DAH-zhoh-ehunspec. var.π“π’°π“ˆπ’°π““π“Žπ“π’·noun1hominy2hominy (any kind, cracked or not)cfπ“π“Žπ““π“‚π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Ž-unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“ˆπ’°-
π“π’°π“ˆπ’»Ν˜wah-TEEⁿarch. var.π“π’°π“ˆ'π’»Ν˜adjective1visible2in sight
π“π’°π“ˆπ“π’°Ν˜wah-TXAHⁿWAH-txahⁿunspec. var.π“π’°π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’°π“ˆπ’Όπ“π’°Ν˜noun1pumpkin2squash (the vegetable)
π“π’°π“Šβ€™π’·π’Όπ’·wah-ts'EH-gahunspec. var.π“π’°π“Š'𐒷adjective1gentle2docile3tame4not wild5not difficult6easy to do7tenderQuintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 224) that, "'Tender' only as describing materials, not as a personality trait."
π“π’°π“Šπ’·1WAH-tsehwah-TSEHnoun1dress or skirt2skirt with ribbon work or other decorationsunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3
π“π’°π“Šπ’·2wah-TSEHtransitive verb1touch, as the body of a foe who has been killed or wounded
π“π’°π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°wah-TSEH-gahnoun1treasure2valuable or special things3things a person has put away as special4keepsakes5new thingsunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’°
π“π’°π“Š'𐒷𐓍𐒷wah-ts'EH-thehnoun1one who killed another, as in battleunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-4π“Š'𐒷𐓍𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'𐒷-𐓍𐒷
π“π’°π“Šπ’·π“π’»wah-TSEH-xeeadjective1difficult2hard3challenging4not easy to do5preciousunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“Šπ’·π“π’»
π“π’°π“Šπ’»wah-TSEEunspec. var.π“π’°π“Šπ’»Ν˜1danceintransitive verb2dancenoun
π“π’°π“Šπ’»π“„π“π’²wah-DSEE-pxahⁿ-eeunspec. var.π“π’°π“Šπ’»π“„π“π’°π“π’°π“Šπ’»π“„π“π’°Ν˜π“π’°π“Šπ’»π“„π“π’±noun1crier2town crier3announcer4crier at iloⁿshka dances
π“π’°π“Šπ“Žπ’·wah-DSOO-eharch. var.π“π’°π“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·noun1bread2wheat bread3any kind of bread whether corn or wheat, in any shape or size4piece of bread of any kind5any kind of flour or grain (such as wheat, oats)something bakedThis variant form is used more often than its full form.unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·
π“π’°π“Šπ“Žπ’· 𐒴𐒷𐒼𐒰wah-DSOO-eh BREH-kahnoun1pancake/pancakesunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π“Šπ“Žπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·π’΄π’·π’Όπ’°
π“π’°π“Šπ“Žπ’· π“π“Žπ’΄π’°π“†π’Όπ’°bread made flatnoun1dumplings made of wheat flour or corn flourunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π“Šπ“Žπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·
π“π’°π“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·wah-DSÜ-dsehsomething bakedunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·arch. var. ofπ“π’°π“Šπ“Žπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“Šπ“Žπ“Šπ’·
𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻wah-THAH-neenoun1Tonkawa (tribe or tribal member)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
π“π’°π“π’°π“Šπ’·wah-THAH-tsehintransitive verb1eating of certain kinds of foodunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π’°π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓏𐒰wah-THAH-wah1numbernoun2countintransitive verbunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐓍𐒰𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓏𐒰 π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°wah-THAH-wah TAHⁿ-kahadjective1millionunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π’°π“π’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜wah-THEEⁿintransitive verb1we are2we wereunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-2π“π’»Ν˜1
π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜wah-THOHⁿarch. var.π“π’°π“π“ŽΝ˜1singintransitive verb2songnoununspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3
𐓏𐒰𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒰wah-XAH-gahnoun1any plant that has prickly spines, like the sand bur, cactus, cocklebur, prickly-ashunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒰
𐓏𐒰𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷wah-XOH-behWAH-xoh-behunspec. var.𐓏𐒰𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒻noun1medicine bundle2sacred object3things consecrated or honoredunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷
π“π’°π“π“ˆπ’°Ν˜WAH-xtahⁿnoun1caterpillar
𐓏𐒰𐓒𐓂wah-ZOHintransitive verb1be fun
𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓏𐒰wah-ZHAH-wah1have a pleasant time at a feast or at a danceintransitive verb2revelrynoun
𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷wah-ZHAH-zhehunspec. var.𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒻noun1Osage (tribe, tribal member, or language)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰
π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜wah-ZHEEⁿnoun1will2mind3idea
π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°wah-ZEEⁿ-kahnoun1birdThis term is sometimes shortened to wazhiⁿ when used in the construction of bird terms.unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐓄𐒰wah-ZHEEⁿ-kah pahnoun1beak or bill of a birdunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“„π’°1
π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’»π’·wah-ZHEEⁿ-kah-EE-ehnoun1parrot, macaw (any bird that can be taught to "speak")unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’»π’·
π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜wah-ZHEEⁿ-tahⁿnoun1hawklarge birdcfπ’Ήπ’·π’Όπ’°π’Ώπ’·π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“†π“Žπ’Όπ’° π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π“Žπ’Όπ’°π“‚π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π““π“Žπ’·wah-ZHEEⁿ-zhoo-ehnoun1cardinal (the bird)red birdunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π““π“Žπ’·unspec. var. ofπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’·
𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒰wah-ZHOH-lahunspec. var.𐓏𐒰𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒷noun1Oto (tribe or tribal member)cf𐒲𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓐𐓂1π’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°π“π’»Ν˜π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π’Όπ’°π“π’·1π’Ήπ’»Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Ήπ“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒹𐓂1π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜π“’π’·π“€π“Žπ“†π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·π“„π’° π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰1π“ˆπ“‚π’Όπ’°1π“„π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“„π’°π“π“‚π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰3π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“„π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π’Όπ’» 𐒹𐓂unspec. comp. form of𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“†π’°π’Όπ’»π““π’»Ν˜ 7π“‡π’°π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π“‡π’°π’Όπ’·2π“‡π’°π’Ώπ’°π’Όπ’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»π“‡π’°π“π’°π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»π’Όπ’°π“‡π’·π“Šπ’»π“„π“‚π“π’°π“„π’° 𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓏𐒰𐓍𐒰𐓁𐒻𐓏𐒰𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷
π“π’°π““π“Žπ“„π’·wah-ZHOO-behnoun1marrow
𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻WEH-leenoun1oil2lard3grease or similar substance (such as shoe polish)4gasoline5kerosenecf𐒼𐓂𐒼𐓂𐓆𐒰 𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐓂𐒼𐓂𐓆𐒰𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻
𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻WEH-lee-sah-GEEnoun1tallowunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒷𐒿𐒻𐓆𐒰𐒼𐒻
π“π’·π“Š'𐒰WEH-ts'ahnoun1snake
π“π’·π“π’»Ν˜WEH-theeⁿnoun1rope
𐓏𐒷𐓓𐒰𐓄𐓇𐒷WEH-shah-pshehnoun1bayonet2lance3spear4javelinunspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒷-unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐒻-1𐓓𐒰𐓄𐓇𐒷
π“π’»Ν˜weeⁿ1a2an3oneThe context for "one" here refers to the idea of "one" in a phrase like "We ought to buy one." If the speaker wants to express the actual number, wiⁿxtsi is used.4single5anyone
𐓏𐒻𐒷WEE-ehcont. var.𐓏𐒻1mepronoun2I (emphatic)pronoun3it is my turncfπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π“ˆπ’°π’·2𐓍𐒻𐒷
π“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°wee-HAHⁿ-kahnoun1sister-in-law (wife's sister) (my)2sister-in-law (brother's wife, of a male) (my)cfπ’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷wee-HEHnoun1daughter (second) (my)2daughter (second) (your)3daughter (second) (his/her)4daughter (second)cfπ’°π“†π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’°π“†π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“€π’»π“π’°π“π’°π’Ό'𐓂𐓄𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼’𐓂𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2
𐓏𐒻𐒹𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°wee-HEH THEE-tahnoun1daughter (second) (your)cf𐓀𐒻𐓁𐒰𐓏𐒰𐒼'𐓂𐓄𐒰 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰𐒼'π“‚π“„π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’°π’Ό'π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°π’Όβ€™π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜2unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π’Ήπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
π“π’»Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·WEEⁿ-kshehintransitive verb1speak the truth2tell the truthFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.
𐓏𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰wee-NEE-kahnoun1husband (my)cfπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’° π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·1unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜π“„π’°π’»π“π’°π“Šπ’·π’»π“π’»π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰𐓍𐒻𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1𐓁𐒻𐒼𐒰
𐓏𐒻𐓆𐒻WEE-seeintransitive verb1jump
𐓏𐒻𐓆𐒻𐓆𐒻WEE-see-seenoun1fleaThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻𐓆𐒻
π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜wee-SOHⁿ-eh-zheeⁿunspec. var.π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’°π““π’»Ν˜noun1brother (younger, of a female) (my)cfπ’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’·π““π’»Ν˜
π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°wee-SOHⁿ-kahnoun1brother (younger, of a male) (my)Quintero (Osage Dictionary, page 250) notes that this term is "Also used by both men and women for a related or unrelated younger male."cfπ’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“†π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐓏𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷wee-SHEE-k'ehnoun1brother-in-law (husband's brother, of a female) (my)2brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a female) (my)Femalecf𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷𐓍𐒻𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*𐓇𐒻𐒼'𐒷
π“π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜wee-SHEE-kxahⁿunspec. var.π“π’»π“†π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜noun1sister-in-law (husband's sister, older or younger) (my)2sister-in-law (brother's wife) (my)3sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife) (my)4sister-in-law (my)Femalecfπ’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’»π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1π“‡π’»π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜
π“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜wee-SHGEE-dahⁿ1I too2I, for my partMalecfπ’·π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒷2π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻3π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π“π’»π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻cont. var. ofπ“π’»π’·π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒼𐒻
π“π’»π“ˆπ’°WEE-tahpronoun1my2minecfπ’»π“ˆπ’°1unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°
π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°wee-TAHⁿ-hahnoun1uncle (father's sister's husband) (my)2brother-in-law (wife's brother) (my)3brother-in-law (sister's husband, of a male) (my)MaleQuintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°
π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·wee-TAHⁿ-kehnoun1sister (older) (my)2wife (my)Quintero notes that this sense is "used to refer to speaker's wife when they have no children and possibly to address her."FemaleMaleQuintero notes that this term is "loosely used mutually among unrelated younger and older female speakers to show respect."Quintero notes, "The 'older sister' terms designate the older of the sisters, not necessarily someone older than the person speaking. They are also used between two female friends without regard to relative age."cfπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π“π’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜wee-TEH-zheeⁿunspec. var.π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’±π““π’»Ν˜noun1sister (younger) (my)Quintero notes, "The sister designated by a 'younger sister' term need not be younger than the speaker, just younger than another sister."cfπ’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’·π““π’»Ν˜
π“π’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·wee-TOHⁿ-dsehnoun1son-in-law (daughter's husband) (my)cfπ’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·
π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»weeⁿ-DSEH-geenoun1uncle (mother's brother) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜-*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»π“π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜-*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜-unspec. var. of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’·π’Όπ’»
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚wee-TSEE-gohnoun1grandfather (my)2father-in-law (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“Š'𐒰𐒼𐒷 π“π’»π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“Š'π’°π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“ˆπ’°π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚ π“€π’»Ν˜wee-TSEE-goh meeⁿnoun1grandfather suncf𐒻𐒼𐓂 π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Όπ“‚π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜1π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚ π“„π’·π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“„π’·π“Šπ’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“€π’»Ν˜1
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚ π“„π’·π“Šπ’·wee-TSEE-goh PEH-tsehnoun1grandfather firecf𐒻𐒼𐓂 π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ’»π’Όπ“‚π’Ώπ“‚Ν˜1π“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚ π“€π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“€π’»Ν˜1unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π’Όπ“‚π“„π’·π“Šπ’·
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»wee-TSEE-meenoun1aunt (father's sister) (my)Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“€π’»
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»wee-TSEE-neenoun1daughter-in-law (son's wife) (my)cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“π’»π“€π’»Ν˜ π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ“€π’»Ν˜4π’°π“π“Žπ“π’·π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“π’»unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“π’»
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·wee-tsee-OH-zhahⁿ-kehcont. var.π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·noun1niece (brother's daughter, of a female) (my)cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π“‚π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π“π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚wee-TSEEⁿ-dohnoun1brother (older, of a female) (my)cfπ’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚π“π’»π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»Ν˜π“ˆπ“‚
π“π’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚wee-TSEE-zhohnoun1cousin (father's sister's daughter) (my)Quintero notes that "wihciΕΎo as 'cousin, my paternal aunt's daughter' is said by some to be used only by a female speaker."2niece (sister's daughter, of a male) (my)Quintero notes that this term is "used only when speaker is male."Quintero notes, "Osage kinship terms with first person possessor ('my') are used both vocatively - that is, in speaking to that relative - and referentially - that is, in speaking about one's relative to someone else.cfπ’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚π“π’»π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ’»π““π“‚
π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°wee-TSOH-shkahnoun1nephew (wife's brother's son) (my)2nephew (sister's son, of a male) (my)3nephew (brother's son, of a female) (my)4cousin (father's sister's son) (my)5grandchild (my)Quintero notes (Osage Dictionary, page 248) that, "Historically, 'grandchild' is an unexpected gloss (perhaps used used only by extension to one's grandniece or grandnephew: i.e., one's sibling's grandchild?)."cfπ’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“Šπ“‚π“‡π’Όπ’°
π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°wee-TSOH-shpahnoun1grandchild (my)cfπ’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°π“π’»π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1π“Šπ“‚π“‡π“„π’°
π“π’»Ν˜π“π“Šπ’·WEEⁿ-xdsehunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ“π’»Ν˜π“π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜-π“π“Šπ’»
π“π’»Ν˜π“π“Šπ’»WEEⁿ-xdseeunspec. var.π“π’»Ν˜π“π“Šπ’·adjective1oneunspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»Ν˜-π“π“Šπ’»
π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·wee-ZHEEⁿ-kehnoun1son (my)2nephew (brother's son, of a male) (my)3nephew (sister's son, of a female) (my)cfπ’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’·
π“π’»π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜wee-ZHEE-dahⁿ1I too2for my partFemalecfπ“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻cont. var. ofπ“π’»π’·π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·wee-ZHEEⁿ-thehcont. var.π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π’·noun1brother (older, of a male) (my)cfπ’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·π“π’»π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π’»Ν˜π“π’·
π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°wee-ZHOHⁿ-ahnoun1sister (older, of a female) (my)cfπ’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’°unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°π“π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’°
π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·wee-ZHOⁿ-kehnoun1daughter (my)2niece (brother's daughter, of a male) (my)3niece (sister's daughter, of a female) (my)cfπ’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐒻-2*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·π“π’»π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒻-1*π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’·
𐓐
𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒰XAH-gahadjective1rough2rough, as the tongue3forked or pronged, as antlers4branching out, as the separate claws on a foot5bristling6rough in appearance
𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒷xah-GEHintransitive verb1cry
π“π’°π“ˆπ’°π“„π’·XAH-tah-behnoun1dry grass2dried grass
𐓐𐒰𐓍𐒰XAH-thahadverb1back2backward3in reverse4retrograde
𐓐𐒰𐓏𐒰XAH-wahverb1pulled back, as a sleeve2made bare, uncovered
𐓐𐒰𐓐𐒰XAH-xahunspec. var.π“π’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜2adjective1ruffled2ruffly3having leaves or leaflike layers
π“π’°Ν˜π“π’°Ν˜1XAHⁿ-xahⁿadjective1shiny
𐓐𐒰𐓐𐒰𐒼𐒰XAH-xah-gahadjective1rough (e.g., chapped hands or any rough surface)
𐓐𐒷1xehtransitive verb1bury
𐓐𐒷2xehverb1roar, as running water2patter, as rain
𐓐𐒷𐒼𐒰XEH-gahadjective1dead, as vegetation2dead (from drying up; e.g., a vegetable)3dried4dry
π“π’·π“€π’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·XEH-mahⁿ-kehnoun1frost (on the ground)2frost3dew
𐓐𐒷𐓄𐒷XEH-behadjective1shallow
𐓐𐒷𐓐𐒷XEH-xehverb1roar or patter frequently2rustle repeatedlyThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓐𐒷2
π“π’»Ν˜xeeⁿadjective1light in color
𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰1XEE-thahintransitive verb1fall2stumble3fall down4stumble and fall5euphemism for 'die'6pass away7topple (as a tree topples)
𐓐𐒻𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰XEE-xee-thahintransitive verb1stumble repeatedly2go stumbling alongThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form of𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰1
π“π“‚Ν˜xohⁿarch. var.π“π“ŽΝ˜adjective1broken2break3broke, without money or penniless (a loan translation)cf𐒿𐒷𐒼𐒷
𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒰1XOH-kah1sing dancing songsintransitive verb2singers and drummersnoun3all singers of dancing songsnoun
𐓐𐓂𐒼𐒰2XOH-gahnoun1badger
𐓐𐓂𐓄𐒷XOH-beh1sacredadjective2consecratedadjective3holyadjective4supernatural powernoun5sanctitynouncfπ“Šπ’·π“π’»
π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜XOH-tahⁿadjective1small2little3fine (e.g., fine raindrops)cfπ““π’»Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π“π“‚π“Šπ’·XOH-dsehunspec. var.𐓐𐓂𐒷1π“π“Žπ“Šπ’·adjective1gray2dull (color or finish)3faded4grayish like ashes5smoky
π“π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·1XOHⁿ-dsehnoun1cedar
π“π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·2XOHⁿ-dsehadjective1sloppy2slouchy3unkempt4messed up
π“π“‚π“Šπ’· 𐓇𐒰𐓄𐒷XOH-dseh SHAH-behadjective1dark grayunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚π“Šπ’·π“‡π’°π“„π’·1
π“π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·π’Ήπ“ŽXOHⁿ-dseh-HOOXOHⁿ-dseh-HÜxohⁿ-DSEH-hooxohⁿ-DSEH-hΓΌnoun1cedar treeunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·1π’Ήπ“Ž1
π“π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·π“π’»xohⁿ-DSEH-neenoun1cedar teaunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·1𐓁𐒻1
𐓐𐓂𐓏𐒷XOH-wehunspec. var.𐓐𐓂𐒷2𐓐𐓂𐓏𐒻arch. var.π“π“Žπ“π’·1roar, as the waves or a waterfallOnomatope2roar, as the wind or the waterfallOnomatope3the roar of falling waterOnomatope4roarOnomatope5the noise made by sand in an hourglass, or that of grain poured from a bagOnomatope6sighOnomatope7sough, as the wind in the treesOnomatope8rumbleOnomatope9growlOnomatope10resoundOnomatope11the sound made in tearing calicoOnomatope12the sound heard in sawing or in scraping wood by pushingOnomatope13the whizzing of a whirled stickOnomatope14noisenoun
π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°XOO-hahXÜ-hahxoo-HAHxΓΌ-HAHnoun1skin of a person or animal2skin3hide4barkcf𐒹𐒰1
π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°π“†π’Όπ’°xoo-HAH-sgahnoun1white person2Caucasianunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°π“†π’Όπ’°1
π“π“Žπ“π’°1XOO-thahXÜ-thahxΓΌ-THAHarch. var.𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰2noun1eaglecfπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’° 𐒿𐒷𐓓𐒷unspec. comp. form ofπ’Ήπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π’Ώπ’·π““π’·π“π’»π“π’°2arch. var. ofπ“π“Žπ“π’°1
π“π“Žπ“π’°2XOO-thahadjective1wrinkled2ragged
π“π“Žπ“π’° 𐓄𐒰 π“†π’°Ν˜xΓΌ-THAH PAH sahⁿnoun1bald eagleeagle with the whitish headunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Žπ“π’°1𐓄𐒰5π“†π’°Ν˜2unspec. var. ofπ“†π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°Ν˜
π“π“Žπ“π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·xoo-THOH-lahⁿ-kehxΓΌ-THOH-lahⁿ-kehnoun1headdress made of entire eaglesunspec. comp. form ofπ“π“Žπ“π’°1π“‚π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’·2
π“π“Žπ“π’·XÜ-xehadjective1broken in, as any hollow object
𐓒
π“’π’°Ν˜zahⁿnoun1country2prairie3timbers
𐓒𐒰𐓁𐒻ZAH-neezah-NEE1alladjective2wholeadjective3allpronoun4every onepronoun5everyonepronoun6everybodypronoun
π“’π’°Ν˜π“’π’»ZAHⁿ-zeenoun1sour odor2acrid smell (such as armpit odor or onion smell)
𐓒𐒻zeeadjective1yellow
𐓒𐒻 𐓇𐒰𐓄𐒷zee SHAH-behadjective1dark yellowunspec. comp. form of𐓒𐒻𐓇𐒰𐓄𐒷1
𐓒𐒻 π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜zee ZHOO-dseh EH-gohⁿadjective1orangeyellow that is redlikeunspec. comp. form ofπ“’π’»π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
𐓒𐒻𐒹𐒻ZEE-heeadjective1brown2yellowcf𐓒𐒻𐓒𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓒𐒻𐓓𐒻𐒹𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓒𐒻
π“’π’»π“Šπ’·zee-DSEHOnomatope1sound word - hissing sound
𐓒𐒻𐓒𐒻ZEE-zeeadjective1brownThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."cf𐓒𐒻𐒹𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓒𐒻𐓓𐒻𐒹𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓒𐒻
𐓓
π““π’°Ν˜1zhahⁿ1sleepintransitive verb2sleepnounThe idea here is "a sleep" as a way to express a day.3daynouncfπ““π’»Ν˜π’Ήπ’·
π““π’°Ν˜2zhahⁿnoun1wood2tree3log4lumber5stick6pole7woods8forestSince this term is rather broad, Dorsey notes, "When they wish to distinguish between a tree and a log or wood, zhaⁿ thotaⁿle is used for the former, zhaⁿ for wood and zhaⁿ gaxoⁿ for a log." Each of these have their own entry.cfπ“π’°Ν˜5
π““π’°Ν˜ π’°π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜ZHAHⁿ AH-nahⁿ-zheeⁿunspec. var.π““π’°Ν˜ π’°π“π’°π““π’»Ν˜noun1laddera wood to stand onunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐒰-2π“π’°Ν˜π““π’»Ν˜
π““π’°Ν˜ 𐒹𐒿𐒰ZHAHⁿ hlaharch. var.π““π’°Ν˜ 𐓐𐓍𐒰noun1buds or blossoms of fruit treescfπ““π’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°π“‡π“„π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“ˆπ’°π“‡π“„π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐒹𐒿𐒰
π““π’°Ν˜ π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»zhahⁿ EEⁿ-tseenoun1log houseunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»unspec. comp. form ofπ’»Ν˜π“Šπ’»1
π““π’°Ν˜ π’Όπ’°Ν˜ZHAHⁿ kahⁿunspec. var.π““π’°Ν˜ π’Όπ“‚Ν˜arch. var.π““π’°Ν˜ 𐒼'π’°Ν˜noun1roots of any plant or tree2root or roots of a tree, bush, etc.unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π’Όπ’°Ν˜
π““π’°Ν˜ 𐒼'π’°Ν˜ZHAHⁿ k'ahⁿunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐒼'π’°Ν˜arch. var. ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜arch. var. ofπ““π’°Ν˜ π’Όπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π’Όπ’°Ν˜
π““π’°Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒰ZHAHⁿ gah-XAHnoun1limb of a tree2limbs, branches, boughsunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒰2
π““π’°Ν˜ 𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰zhahⁿ gah-XEE-thahtransitive verb1fell a treeThis entry is composed of more than one word. Any conjugations need to be done on the LAST word.unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐒼𐒰𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-𐓐𐒻𐓍𐒰1
π““π’°Ν˜ π’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜ZHAHⁿ gah-XOHⁿnoun1log2bridgeunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π’Όπ’°π“π“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒰-π“π“‚Ν˜
π““π’°Ν˜ π’Όπ“‚Ν˜ZHAHⁿ kohⁿunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜unspec. var. ofπ““π’°Ν˜ π’Όπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π’Όπ’°Ν˜
π““π’°Ν˜ π“€π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·zhahⁿ MEEⁿ-dsehnoun1wooden bow2ordinary bowunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“€π’»Ν˜π“Šπ’·
π““π’°Ν˜ π“‚π“†π“ŽZHAHⁿ oh-SÜarch. var.π““π’°Ν˜ π“Žπ“†π“Žnoun1heart of a treeunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“‚π“†π“Ž
π““π’°Ν˜ 𐓇𐒰𐓄𐒷 π’Ήπ“Žzhahⁿ SHAH-beh hoozhahⁿ SHAH-beh hΓΌnoun1redbud treedark wood treeunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐓇𐒰𐓄𐒷1π’Ήπ“Ž1
π““π’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°π“‡π“„π“ŽZHAHⁿ tah-SHPÜnoun1buds or blossoms of ordinary treescfπ““π’°Ν˜ 𐒹𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐒹𐒿𐒰unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“ˆπ’°π“‡π“„π“Ž
π““π’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’·ZHAHⁿ dah-DAH-zehnoun1mulberrycfπ““π“‚π“ˆπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’·
π““π’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’· π’Ήπ“ŽZHAHⁿ dah-DAH-ze hΓΌnoun1mulberry treecfπ““π“‚π“ˆπ’° π’Ήπ“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ““π“‚π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ“Ž1unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’·π’Ήπ“Ž1
π““π’°Ν˜ π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’·zhahⁿ thoh-TAHⁿ-leharch. var.π““π’°Ν˜ π“π“Žπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’·noun1tree2a tree that still stands3a tree, not a logupright treeunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’°π’Ώπ’·1unspec. comp. form of𐒰-2
π““π’°Ν˜ π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“„'π’»Ν˜ZHAHⁿ wah-NOHⁿ-p'eeⁿnoun1necklace of woodunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“π’°π“π“‚Ν˜π“„'π’»Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3π“π“‚Ν˜π“„'π’»Ν˜
π““π’°Ν˜ 𐓏𐒷𐓍𐒰𐓏𐒰zhahⁿ WEH-thah-wahnoun1yardstickunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐓏𐒷-unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒰-3𐒻-1𐓍𐒰𐓏𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓍𐒰-1
π““π’°Ν˜ 𐓏𐒷𐓓𐒰𐓄𐓇𐒷zhahⁿ WEH-zhah-pshehnoun1spear or dart made entirely of wood, one end being burnt to a pointunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐓏𐒷𐓓𐒰𐓄𐓇𐒷unspec. comp. form of𐓏𐒷-𐓓𐒰𐓄𐓇𐒷
π““π’°Ν˜ 𐓐𐒷𐒼𐒰zhahⁿ XEH-gahnoun1dry tree or woodunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐓐𐒷𐒼𐒰
π““π’°Ν˜ π“π“‚π“Šπ’· π’Ήπ“Žzhahⁿ XOH-dseh hΓΌarch. var.π““π’°Ν˜ π“π“Žπ“Šπ’· π’Ήπ“Žnoun1post oakQuercus stellatagray wood treeunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“π“‚π“Šπ’·π’Ήπ“Ž1
π““π’°Ν˜ π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°zhahⁿ XÜ-hahnoun1inner bark of a treecfπ““π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐒹𐒰1unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°
π““π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°zhahⁿ-HAHnoun1outer bark of a treecfπ“π’°Ν˜π’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ“π’°Ν˜5𐒹𐒰1π““π’°Ν˜ π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“π“Žπ’Ήπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐒹𐒰1
π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’Όπ’·ZHAHⁿ-koh-gehunspec. var.π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’°π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‚π’·1boxnoun2wooden boxnoun3coffernoun4trunknoun5thousandadjectiveThis term is used to express "thousand" because historically, payments to the Osage tribe by the U.S. government were done with boxes containing $1,000 each.unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐒼𐓂𐒼𐒷
π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“‡π’·ZHAHⁿ-ksheh1continuative aspect postverbal marker (indicating ongoing action or state in present, past, or future time) for 2nd singular lying down subject2second-person of ksheDorsey notes that this term becomes zhaⁿkshi if the next word begins with a-.unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐓇𐒷
π““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’·zhahⁿ-LAHⁿ-theharch. var.π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π“π’·noun1logbroad woodunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π’Ώπ’°Ν˜π“π’·
π““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°ZHAHⁿ-loo-shgaharch. var.π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’·π“‡π’Όπ’°π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’°π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ“π“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°noun1horsefly
π““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’° 𐓄𐒰 𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷ZHAHⁿ-loo-shgah pah LEH-zeharch. var.π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’·π“‡π’Όπ’° 𐓄𐒰 𐒼𐓍𐒷𐓒𐒷noun1horsefly with a striped headunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°π“„π’°5𐒿𐒷𐓒𐒷
π““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’° 𐓄𐒰 π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚ZHAHⁿ-loo-shgah pa TOH-hoharch. var.π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’·π“‡π’Όπ’° 𐓄𐒰 π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ“π“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’° 𐓄𐒰 π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚noun1horsefly with a green head2green-headed horseflyunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°π“„π’°5π“ˆπ“‚π’Ήπ“‚
π““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷ZHAHⁿ-loo-shgah SAH-beharch. var.π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’° 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷noun1black horseflyunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°π“†π’°π“„π’·
π““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’° π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°ZHAHⁿ-loo-shgah TAHⁿ-kaharch. var.π““π’°Ν˜π’Όπ“π’·π“‡π’Όπ’° π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ“π’»π“‡π’Όπ’° π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ“π“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’° π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°noun1large horseflyDorsey lists this term as "the large horsefly," suggesting he is referring to a specific species rather than simply saying "large/big horsefly."unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π““π’°Ν˜π“π’»ZHAHⁿ-neenoun1sugarunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐓁𐒻1
π““π’°Ν˜π“„π“‚π“’π’°ZHAHⁿ-boh-zaharch. var.π““π’°Ν˜π“„π“Žπ“’π’°noun1post or stake planted upright in the groundunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2𐓄𐓂𐓒𐒰unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐓂-
𐓓𐒰𐓄𐓇𐒷ZHAH-pshehtransitive verb1stabFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.
π““π’°π“ˆπ’°ZHAH-tahadjective1͘forked2divided3notched4branded5split6cut7sliced
π““π’°Ν˜π“π’°ZHAHⁿ-xahunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2unspec. var. ofπ““π’°Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2
π““π’°Ν˜π“π’° π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·ZHAHⁿ-xah ZHÜ-dsehnoun1red willowunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜π“π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·
π““π’°Ν˜π“π’·ZHAHⁿ-xehunspec. var.π““π’°Ν˜π“π’°noun1stick2pole3baby boardunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2
𐓓𐒰𐓓𐒷ZHAH-zhehnoun1name
𐓓𐒷1zhehintransitive verb1defecate2stool
𐓓𐒷2zhehnoun1peniscfπ“‡π“‚Ν˜π“Šπ’·
𐓓𐒷𐒼𐒰zheh-GAHnoun1upper part of the leg2hind legDorsey notes for this term that "sometimes the whole leg is meant."cf𐓆𐒻𐓒𐓂
𐓓𐒷𐒼𐒰 π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°zheh-GAH kahⁿ TAHⁿ-kahnoun1muscle of the thigh, or hind legunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’·π’Όπ’°π’Όπ’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ’Όπ’°Ν˜π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π““π’·π’Ώπ’°Ν˜ZHEH-lahⁿarch. var.π““π’·π’Όπ“π’°Ν˜π““π’·π’Όπ“π“‚Ν˜transitive verb1cook food by putting it on a fire, as watxaⁿ (pumpkin), etc.2heat, as stones on a fire, for a sweat-bath3cook food in a pan on top or inside a stove or oven4broil meatDorsey notes that "the object cooked is regarded as curvilinear."For this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.
π““π’»Ν˜π’Ήπ’·ZHEEⁿ-hehintransitive verb1sleep2recline, as when asleepcfπ““π’°Ν˜1
𐓓𐒻𐒹𐒻ZHEE-heeunspec. var.𐓓𐒻2adjective1brown2yellowish-red3reddish-yellowDorsey notes that this term is "the color of the robin's breast."cf𐓒𐒻𐒹𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓒𐒻𐓒𐒻𐓒𐒻unspec. comp. form of𐓒𐒻
π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°ZHEEⁿ-kahzheeⁿ-KAHunspec. var.π““π’»Ν˜cont. var.π““π’»Ν˜π’°1littleadjective2smalladjective3childnoun4childrennouncfπ“π“‚π“ˆπ’°Ν˜
π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° π“‚π“π’°π’Όπ’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜zheeⁿ-KAH oh-WAH-kee-hahⁿunspec. var.π““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’° π“‚π’Όπ’»π’Ήπ’°Ν˜1grandchild (my)noun2grandchild (your)noun3grandchild (his/her)noun4grandchildnoun5descendentnoun6issuetransitive verb7bring forthtransitive verbunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’»Ν˜π’Όπ’°
π““π’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜ZHEE-dahⁿadverb1too2for his partFemalecfπ“‡π’Όπ’»π“ˆπ’°Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓇𐒼𐒻
𐓓𐓂zhoharch. var.π““π“Ž2noun1flesh2body
𐓓𐓂𐒼𐒻𐒿𐒷ZHOH-gee-lehtransitive verb1be or go with his or her own2be with one's own peopleFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.unspec. comp. form of𐒼𐒻𐒼-1𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒷
π““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ“π“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’° π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°ZHOⁿH-gthoo-shgah TOHⁿ-kahunspec. comp. form ofπ““π“‚Ν˜π’Όπ“π“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°arch. var. ofπ““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ“‚Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. var. ofπ“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°arch. var. ofπ““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’° π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜π’Ώπ“Žπ“‡π’Όπ’°π“ˆπ’°Ν˜π’Όπ’°
𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒷ZHOH-leharch. var.π““π“Žπ’Όπ“π’·1with him, her, or ittransitive verb2be with him, etc.transitive verb3with (often glossed 'and' in English)post4marrytransitive verb5accompanytransitive verb6go withtransitive verb7come withtransitive verb8datetransitive verb9be in a courtship withtransitive verbbe withFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.
π““π“‚π“ˆπ’°ZHOH-taharch. var.π““π“Žπ“ˆπ’°noun1mulberrycfπ““π’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’·unspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜2π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’·
π““π“‚π“ˆπ’° π’Ήπ“ŽZHOH-tah hΓΌarch. var.π““π“Žπ“ˆπ’° π’Ήπ“Žnoun1mulberry treecfπ““π’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’· π’Ήπ“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ““π’°Ν˜ π“ˆπ’°π“ˆπ’°π“’π’·π’Ήπ“Ž1unspec. comp. form ofπ““π“‚π“ˆπ’°π’Ήπ“Ž1
𐓓𐓂𐓏𐒰𐒿𐒷ZHOH-wah-leharch. var.π““π“Žπ“π’°π’Όπ“π’·transitive verb1be with folks2be or go with themFor this term (often just two syllables), any conjugations need to be done after the first syllable. This is usually because this term is composed of two words, though the original meanings of the two words may be unknown.unspec. comp. form of𐓓𐓂𐒿𐒷𐓏𐒰-3
π““π“Žπ“Šπ’·ZHOO-dsehZHÜ-dsehunspec. var.π““π“Ž1π““π“Žπ’·1redadjective2scarletadjective3vermilionadjective4the red (ceremonial ritual term)noun
π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜ZHÜ-dseh EH-gohⁿadjective1pinkish
π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· 𐓄𐒰𐓒𐓂 π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜ZHÜ-dseh bah-ZOH EH-gohⁿarch. var.π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· π“„π’°π“’π“Ž π’·π’Όπ“ŽΝ˜adjective1bright red2scarlet, as in red blanketscf𐓄𐒰𐓒𐓂 π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form of𐓄𐒰𐓒𐓂1π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜unspec. comp. form ofπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π“„π’°π“’π“‚1π’·π’Όπ“‚Ν˜
π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· 𐓆𐒰𐓄𐒷ZHOO-dseh SAH-behadjective1purple2burgundycfπ’Ήπ’°π“’π“Žunspec. comp. form ofπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π“†π’°π“„π’·
π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· 𐓆𐒼𐒰ZHOO-dseh skahadjective1pink
π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· 𐓇𐒰𐓄𐒷ZHÜ-dseh SHAH-behadjective1dark red2crimsonunspec. comp. form ofπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π“‡π’°π“„π’·1
π““π“Žπ“Šπ’· 𐓓𐒻𐒹𐒻ZHOO-dseh ZHEE-heeZHÜ-dseh ZHEE-heeadjective1pale redunspec. comp. form ofπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’·π““π’»π’Ήπ’»
π““π“Žπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’·ZHOO-zhoo-dsehZHÜ-zhΓΌ-dsehadjective1red here and there, in spots or stripesThis term uses reduplication which means part of the word (usually just one syllable) is repeated to express the idea of an action or idea occurring over and over. If the syllable being reduplicated ends in "e," it almost always changes to "a." For example, "-se" would become "-sasa" or "-sase."unspec. comp. form ofπ““π“Žπ“Šπ’·